{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T12:17:37Z","timestamp":1776082657379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,4,1]],"date-time":"1989-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":607392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,8]],"date-time":"2002-10-08T09:57:06Z","timestamp":1034071026000},"page":"187-276","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1380,"title":["The logic of social exchange: Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Leda","family":"Cosmides","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748308402486","article-title":"The effects of problem content and negation on Wason's selection task","volume":"35A","author":"Griggs","year":"1983","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5193(64)90038-4","article-title":"The genetical evolution of social behaviour","volume":"7","author":"Hamilton","year":"1964","journal-title":"Journal of Theoretical Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/h0042043","article-title":"On the relation between logic and thinking","volume":"69","author":"Henle","year":"1962","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB4","series-title":"Induction: Processes of inference, learning and discovery","author":"Holland","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB5","series-title":"Growth of logical thinking: From childhood to adolescence","author":"Inhelder","year":"1958"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0478-90","article-title":"The food-sharing behavior of protohuman hominids","volume":"238","author":"Isaac","year":"1978","journal-title":"Scientific American"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748208400855","article-title":"Thinking as a skill","volume":"34A","author":"Johnson-Laird","year":"1982","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1972.tb01287.x","article-title":"Reasoning and a sense of reality","volume":"63","author":"Johnson-Laird","year":"1972","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB9","series-title":"Man the hunter","author":"Lee","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1979.tb01720.x","article-title":"Facilitation of reasoning by realism: Effect or non-effect?","volume":"70","author":"Manktelow","year":"1979","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0017.1987.tb00117.x","article-title":"Reasoning and rationality","volume":"2","author":"Manktelow","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mind and Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB12","series-title":"Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information","author":"Marr","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB13","first-page":"28","article-title":"Visual information processing: Artificial intelligence and the sensorium of sight","author":"Marr","year":"1978","journal-title":"Technology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB14","series-title":"Evolution and the theory of games","author":"Maynard Smith","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02684422","article-title":"The effect of thematic content on the \u201cWason selection task\u201d","volume":"1","author":"Pollard","year":"1981","journal-title":"Current Psychological Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(82)90030-0","article-title":"Human reasoning: Some possible effects of availability","volume":"10","author":"Pollard","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1982.tb01822.x","article-title":"Wason's selection task: Verification, falsification and matching","volume":"73","author":"Reich","year":"1982","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB18","series-title":"Essentials of behavioral research: Methods and data analysis","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB19","series-title":"Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology","article-title":"The evolution of intelligence and access to the cognitive unconscious","author":"Rozin","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB20","series-title":"Handbook of Experimental Psychology","article-title":"The adaptive-evolutionary point of view in experimental psychology","author":"Rozin","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB21","series-title":"Cognitive skills and their acquisition","article-title":"Analogical processes in learning","author":"Rumelhart","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB22","series-title":"Perceptual organization","article-title":"Psychophysical complementarity","author":"Shepard","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB23","series-title":"The latest on the best: Essays on evolution and optimality","article-title":"Evolution of a mesh between principles of the mind and regularities of the world","author":"Shepard","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB24","series-title":"Relevance: Communication and cognition","author":"Sperber","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB25","series-title":"The latest on the best: Essays on evolution and optimality","article-title":"Optimality theory and behavior","author":"Staddon","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB26","series-title":"The effect of causality on reasoning about conditional statements","author":"Stone","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB27","unstructured":"Stone, V., & Cosmides, L. (in preparation). Do people have causal reasoning schemas?"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB28","series-title":"Sociobiology and psychology","article-title":"If we're all Darwinians, what's the fuss about?","author":"Symons","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB29","series-title":"Emerging syntheses in science","article-title":"The emergence of evolutionary psychology","author":"Tooby","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB30","series-title":"The evolution of human behavior: Primate models","article-title":"The reconstruction of hominid behavioral evolution through strategic modeling","author":"Tooby","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1086\/406755","article-title":"The evolution of reciprocal altruism","volume":"46","author":"Trivers","year":"1971","journal-title":"Quarterly Review of Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB32","series-title":"Sexual selection and the descent of man, 1871\u20131971","article-title":"Parental investment and sexual selection","author":"Trivers","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/14.1.249","article-title":"Parent-offspring conflict","volume":"14","author":"Trivers","year":"1974","journal-title":"American Zoologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(73)90033-9","article-title":"Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability","volume":"5","author":"Tversky","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1974.tb02771.x","article-title":"Realism and linguistic complexity in reasoning","volume":"65","author":"Van Duyne","year":"1974","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(76)90001-9","article-title":"Necessity and contingency in reasoning","volume":"40","author":"Van Duyne","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB37","series-title":"New horizons in psychology","article-title":"Reasoning","author":"Wason","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB38","series-title":"Thinking and reasoning: Psychological approaches","article-title":"Realism and rationality in the selection task","author":"Wason","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB39","series-title":"Psychology of reasoning: Structure and content","author":"Wason","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/00335557143000068","article-title":"Natural and contrived experience in a reasoning problem","volume":"23","author":"Wason","year":"1971","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB41","series-title":"Adaptation and natural selection: A critique of some current evolutionary thought","author":"Williams","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03330048","article-title":"The effect of thematic content on cognitive strategies in the four-card selection task","volume":"19","author":"Yachanin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society"}],"container-title":["Cognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0010027789900231?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:0010027789900231?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T16:52:11Z","timestamp":1554742331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/0010027789900231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]}},"alternative-id":["0010027789900231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0010-0277(89)90023-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-0277","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,4]]}}}