{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:51:53Z","timestamp":1772239913072,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,14]],"date-time":"2011-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intl J Gynecology &amp; Obste"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in a group of female athletes and to explore its impact on their lives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 106 female athletics, basketball, and indoor football athletes were recruited. Data were collected through a questionnaire and a focus group and analyzed via Pearson's \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test, 2\u2010way analysis of variance, and thematic analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary incontinence was experienced by 41.5% of the athletes. Its prevalence across the 3 types of sport was similar and was not affected by age. However, athletes who experienced UI had a lower body weight (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011) and a lower body mass index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035). Most (95.5%) athletes had never discussed their condition with a health professional. In the focus group, all athletes described preventive urination to avoid urine leakage. It was mentioned that UI affected their performance and made them feel uncomfortable and frustrated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary incontinence is a prevalent condition among athletes that is not openly discussed. However, it causes regular changes in their physical performance and daily life. More research is needed to increase awareness of UI and to design interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,21]],"date-time":"2011-05-21T12:35:07Z","timestamp":1305981307000},"page":"60-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Prevalence and impact of urinary incontinence among female athletes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"J\u00e1come","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alda","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"S\u00e1\u2010Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"167","article-title":"Analysis of the standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract dysfunction: Report from the standardisation sub\u2010committee of the International Continence Society","volume":"21","author":"Sand P.K.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodynam"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"S2","article-title":"The prevalence of urinary incontinence","volume":"3","author":"Nitti V.W.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00436-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001920200003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200434070-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.049072"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"CD005654","article-title":"Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women","author":"Dumoulin C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2007.00481.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"351","article-title":"Minimize urinary incontinence: maximize physical activity in women","volume":"28","author":"Peterson J.A.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Urol Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in high school and college\u2010age female athletes in the midwest: implications for education and prevention","volume":"27","author":"Carls C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urol Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"3174","article-title":"Prevalence and occurrence of stress urinary incontinence in elite women athletes","volume":"13","author":"Caylet N.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.2002.02963.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2005.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2007.01787.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2002.02366.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483328171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-004-1135-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.07.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021788"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"S3","article-title":"The definition, prevalence, and risk factors for stress urinary incontinence","volume":"6","author":"Luber K.M.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","first-page":"183","article-title":"Urinary incontinence in elite nulliparous athletes","volume":"84","author":"Nygaard I.E.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0508-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365590902808566"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"305","article-title":"Prevalence of urinary incontinence among young female college students","volume":"89","author":"Geirsson G.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laeknabladid"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecology &amp; Obstetrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020729211001287?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020729211001287?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1016%2Fj.ijgo.2011.02.004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T05:01:23Z","timestamp":1696395683000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,14]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.02.004","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7292","1879-3479"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7292","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-3479","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,14]]}}}