{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T10:48:22Z","timestamp":1773312502256,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Acoustical Society of America (ASA)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DC000038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DC000038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 DC015446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 DC015446"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21 DC015877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 DC015877"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000169","name":"Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1651190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1651190"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000169","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["pubs.aip.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Irregular pitch periods (IPPs) are associated with grammatically, pragmatically, and clinically significant types of nonmodal phonation, but are challenging to identify. Automatic detection of IPPs is desirable because accurately hand-identifying IPPs is time-consuming and requires training. The authors evaluated an algorithm developed for creaky voice analysis to automatically identify IPPs in recordings of American English conversational speech. To determine a perceptually relevant threshold probability, frame-by-frame creak probabilities were compared to hand labels, yielding a threshold of approximately 0.02. These results indicate a generally good agreement between hand-labeled IPPs and automatic detection, calling for future work investigating effects of linguistic and prosodic context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5100911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T15:16:20Z","timestamp":1557933380000},"page":"EL379-EL385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/aip-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Identifying a creak probability threshold for an irregular pitch period detection algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1121","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"Olivia","family":"Murton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Hearing Bioscience & Technology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Shattuck-Hufnagel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Communication Group, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA \u2008 omurton@g.harvard.edu , sshuf@mit.edu , jyechoi@mit.edu , mehta.daryush@mgh.harvard.edu"}]},{"given":"Jeung-Yoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Communication Group, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA \u2008 omurton@g.harvard.edu , sshuf@mit.edu , jyechoi@mit.edu , mehta.daryush@mgh.harvard.edu"}]},{"given":"Daryush D.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech and Hearing Bioscience & Technology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School 1 , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA"}]}],"member":"231","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2023071921134750800_c1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.1996.0023","article-title":"Glottalization of word-initial vowels as a function of prosodic structure","volume":"24","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Phonetics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023071921134750800_c2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.2001.0149","article-title":"Toward a taxonomy of nonmodal phonation","volume":"29","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Phonetics"},{"key":"2023071921134750800_c3","article-title":"Acoustic properties of different kinds of creaky voice"},{"key":"2023071921134750800_c4","first-page":"90","article-title":"Lenition of \/h\/ and glottal stop","volume-title":"Papers in Laboratory Phonology II","author":"Docherty","year":"1992"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023071921134750800_c5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1006\/jpho.2001.0145","article-title":"Variation in the realization of glottalization in normal speakers","volume":"29","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Phonetics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023071921134750800_c6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1159\/000235658","article-title":"Do listeners store in memory a speaker's habitual utterance-final phonation type?","volume":"66","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phonetica"},{"issue":"S1","key":"2023071921134750800_c7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S50","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2023837","article-title":"Creak as a sociophonetic marker","volume":"80","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2023071921134750800_c8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(02)00082-1","article-title":"The role of voice quality in communicating emotion, mood and attitude","volume":"40","year":"2003","journal-title":"Speech Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2023071921134750800_c9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(01)00041-8","article-title":"Efficacy of a behaviorally based voice therapy protocol for vocal nodules","volume":"15","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023071921134750800_c10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EL401","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5007092","article-title":"Acoustic speech analysis of patients with decompensated heart failure: A pilot study","volume":"142","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023071921134750800_c11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2012.11.002","article-title":"Improved automatic detection of creak","volume":"27","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comp. Speech Lang."},{"issue":"1","key":"2023071921134750800_c12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1109\/TASL.2007.910791","article-title":"A method for automatic detection of vocal fry","volume":"16","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, Lang. Process."},{"issue":"5","key":"2023071921134750800_c13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csl.2014.03.002","article-title":"Data-driven detection and analysis of the patterns of creaky voice","volume":"28","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Speech Lang."},{"key":"2023071921134750800_c14","unstructured":"README_AmEngMapTask. Retrieved from https:\/\/dspace.mit.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/1721.1\/32533\/README_AmEngMapTask.pdf (Last viewed 3\/12\/2019)."},{"key":"2023071921134750800_c15","first-page":"111","article-title":"Multimodal laughter detection in natural discourses","volume-title":"Human Centered Robot Systems","year":"2009"},{"key":"2023071921134750800_c16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199249633.001.0001","volume-title":"Prosodic Typology","author":"Jun","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/asa\/jasa\/article-pdf\/145\/5\/EL379\/15339260\/el379_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/asa\/jasa\/article-pdf\/145\/5\/EL379\/15339260\/el379_1_online.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/asa\/jasa\/article-pdf\/145\/5\/EL379\/15339260\/el379_1_online.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T19:14:31Z","timestamp":1748373271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/jasa\/article\/145\/5\/EL379\/671333\/Identifying-a-creak-probability-threshold-for-an"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1121\/1.5100911","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4966","1520-8524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4966","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-8524","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]]}}}