{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:36:04Z","timestamp":1776209764188,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004577","name":"Kementerian Pertanian dan Industri Asas Tani Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NH0811D003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NH0811D003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004577","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Complement Altern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1726-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]],"date-time":"2017-04-11T01:00:12Z","timestamp":1491872412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["4,5,4\u2032-Trihydroxychalcone, 8,8\u2032-(ethene-1,2-diyl)-dinaphtalene-1,4,5-triol and rutin from Gynura segetum inhibit phagocytosis, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine release and nitric oxide production from phagocytic cells"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"family":"Yuandani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Jantan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Khairana","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1726_CR1","volume-title":"The immune response basic and clinical principles","author":"WM Tak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tak WM, Marry ES. The immune response basic and clinical principles. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press; 2006."},{"key":"1726_CR2","first-page":"30","volume":"4","author":"US Patil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patil US, Jaydeokar AV, Bandawane DD. Immunomodulators: a pharmacological review. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2012;4:30\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"1726_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2009.11.005","volume":"24","author":"C Sostres","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sostres C, Gargallo CJ, Arroyo MT, Lanas A. Adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, aspirin and coxibs) on upper gastrointestinal tract. Best Prac Res Cl Ga. 2010;24:121\u201332.","journal-title":"Best Prac Res Cl Ga"},{"key":"1726_CR4","volume-title":"Immunology: understanding the immune system","author":"KD Elgert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Elgert KD. Immunology: understanding the immune system. 2nd ed. Virginia: A John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Publication; 2009.","edition":"2"},{"key":"1726_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2003.12.023","volume":"91","author":"M Gautam","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gautam M, Diwanay S, Gairola S, Shinde Y, Patki P, Patwardhan B. Immonoadjuvant potential of Asparagus racemosus aqueous extract in experimental system. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;91:251\u20135.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1078\/0944711041495236","volume":"11","author":"MG Jayathirtha","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jayathirtha MG, Mishra SH. Preliminary immunomodulatory activities of methanol extracts of Eclipta alba and Centella asiatica. Phytomedicine. 2004;11:361\u20135.","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"1726_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.03.064","volume":"116","author":"L Yu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yu L, Zhao M, Yang B, Bai W. Immunomodulatory and anticancer activities of phenolics from Garcinia mangostana fruit pericarp. Food Chem. 2009;116:969\u201373.","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"1726_CR8","first-page":"90","volume":"38","author":"L Eksomtramage","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eksomtramage L, Jornead S, Kaewnam W, Mama W. Karyotypic studies in four species of Gynura in tribe Senecioneae (Asteracea). Thai For Bull (Bot). 2010;38:90\u20134.","journal-title":"Thai For Bull (Bot)"},{"key":"1726_CR9","first-page":"777","volume":"12","author":"LJ Seow","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seow LJ, Beh HK, Sadikun A, Asmawi MZ. Preliminary phytochemical and phsycochemical characterization of Gynura segetum (lour) Merr (Compositae) leaf. Trop J Pharm Res. 2013;12:777\u201382.","journal-title":"Trop J Pharm Res"},{"key":"1726_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2013.1315","volume":"6","author":"H Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang H, Zhou JW, Fu DH, Zhou Y, Cheng WZ, Liu ZL. Gynura procumbens ethanolic extract suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro. Oncol Lett. 2013;6:113\u20137.","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"1726_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.12.007","volume":"134","author":"LJ Seow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Seow LJ, Beh HK, Majid AMSA, Murugaiyah V, Ismail N, Asmawi MZ. Anti-angiogenic activity of Gynura segetum leaf extracts and its fractions. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;134:221\u20137.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.2478\/v10102-009-0022-2","volume":"2","author":"EJ Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang EJ, Yim EY, Song G, Kim GO, Hyun CG. Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by jeju plant extracts. Interdiscip Toxicol. 2009;2:245\u20139.","journal-title":"Interdiscip Toxicol"},{"key":"1726_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yuandani, Ilangkovan M. Jantan I, Mohamad HF, Husain K, Razak AFA: Inhibitory effects of standardized extracts of Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus urinaria and their marker compounds on phagocytic activity of human leukocyte. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013, vol. 2013, Article ID 603634, 9 pages. doi: 10.1155\/eCAM.603634","DOI":"10.1155\/eCAM.603634"},{"key":"1726_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-429","volume":"14","author":"I Jantan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jantan I, Ilangkovan M, Yuandani, Mohamad HF. Correlation between the major components of Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus urinaria and their inhibitory effects on phagocytic activity of human neutrophils. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:429.","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"1726_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(83)90303-4","volume":"65","author":"T Mosmann","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetry assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxic assay. J Immunol Methods. 1983;65:55\u201363.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"1726_CR16","first-page":"161","volume":"8","author":"A Mazzone","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mazzone A, Ricevuti G. Leukocyte CD11\/CD18 integrins: biological and clinical relevance. Haematologica. 1995;8:161\u201375.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"1726_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v13i4.8","volume":"13","author":"E Kumolosasi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumolosasi E, Salim E, Jantan I, Ahmad W. Kinetics of intracellular, extracellular and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Trop J Pharm Res. 2014;13:536\u201343.","journal-title":"Trop J Pharm Res"},{"key":"1726_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00234-8","volume":"72","author":"Z Amirghofran","year":"2000","unstructured":"Amirghofran Z, Bakht MA, Karimi MH. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of five herbal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;72:167\u201372.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR19","first-page":"94","volume":"3","author":"A Kamboj","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kamboj A, Saluja AK. Isolation of stigmasterol and \u00df-sitosterol from petroleum ether extract of aerial parts of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae). Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2011;3:94\u20136.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"1726_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2003.10.005","volume":"40","author":"B Beutler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beutler B. Innate immunity: an overview. Mol Immunol. 2004;40:845\u201359.","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"1726_CR21","volume-title":"Principles of immunopharmacology","author":"R Korbut","year":"2011","unstructured":"Korbut R, Guzik TJ. Inflammatory mediators and intracellular signaling. In: Nijkamp FP, Parnham MJ, editors. Principles of immunopharmacology. Switzerland: Springer; 2011."},{"key":"1726_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3349","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(86)90434-X","volume":"35","author":"KM Skubixz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skubixz KM, Hammerschmidt DE. Effects of ibuprofen on chemotactic peptide-receptor binding and granulocyte response. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011;35:3349\u201354.","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luster AD. Chemotaxis: Role in Immune Response. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 2001","DOI":"10.1038\/npg.els.0000507"},{"key":"1726_CR24","first-page":"505","volume":"53","author":"SD Kobayashi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kobayashi SD, Voyich JM, Burlak C, DeLeo FR. Neutrophils in the innate immune response. Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 2005;53:505\u201317.","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp"},{"key":"1726_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00370-7","volume":"352","author":"N Parij","year":"1998","unstructured":"Parij N, Nagy AM, Fondu P, N\u2019ev J. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the luminol and lucigenin amplified chemiluminescence of human neutrophils. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998;352:299\u2013305.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.03.007","volume":"118","author":"WS Koko","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koko WS, Mesaik MA, Yousaf S, Galal M, Choudhary MI. In vitro immunomodulating properties of selected Sudanese medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008;118:26\u201334.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345860650010901","volume":"65","author":"Y Azuma","year":"1986","unstructured":"Azuma Y, Ozasa N, Ueda Y, Takagi N. Pharmacological studies on the anti-inflammatory action of phenolic compounds. J Dent Res. 1986;65:53\u20136.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"1726_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.11.036","volume":"558","author":"HJ Park","year":"2007","unstructured":"Park HJ, Kim IT, Won JH, Jeong SH, Park EY, Nam JH, Choi J, Lee KT. Anti-inflammatory activities of ent-16\u03b1H, 17-hydroxykauran-19-oic acid isolated from the roots of Siegesbeckia pubescens are due to the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages via NF-\u0138B inactivation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007;558:185\u201393.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1726_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.4.1204","volume":"85","author":"W Lee","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lee W, Tsou AP, Chan H, Thomas J, Petrie K, Eugui EM, Allison AC. Glucocorticoids selectively inhibit the transcription of the Interleukin-1B gene and decrease the stability of Interleukin-1B mRNA. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA. 1988;85:1204.","journal-title":"Proc Nad Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1726_CR30","first-page":"1247","volume":"2","author":"PZ Shaikh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shaikh PZ. Cytokines & their physiologic and pharmacologic functions in inflammation: a review. Int j pharm life sci. 2011;2:1247\u201363.","journal-title":"Int j pharm life sci"},{"key":"1726_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2002.01567.x","volume":"53","author":"MH Magee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Magee MH, Blum RA, Lates CD, Jusko WJ. Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model for prednisolone inhibition of whole blood lymphocyte proliferation. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;53:474\u201384.","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12906-017-1726-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T18:11:26Z","timestamp":1569003086000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12906-017-1726-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-017-1726-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6882"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6882","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,11]]},"article-number":"211"}}