{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T17:20:41Z","timestamp":1775150441845,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Advanced Photon Science Alliance","award":["Tokyo Institute of Technology"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Tokyo Institute of Technology"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22226002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22226002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17K14104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K14104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18H03878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18H03878"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H04441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H04441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009105","name":"Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["162103004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["162103004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009034","name":"Matching Planner Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JY290153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JY290153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cooperative Research Project of Research Center for Biomedical Engineering","award":["2050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2050"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008662","name":"Murata Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H29-78"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29-78"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007632","name":"Futaba Electronics Memorial Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research, Organization of Fundamental Research","award":["Tokyo Institute of Technology"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Tokyo Institute of Technology"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spin-photonic devices, represented by spin-polarized light emitting diodes and spin-polarized photodiodes, have great potential for practical use in circularly polarized light (CPL) applications. Focusing on the lateral-type spin-photonic devices that can exchange CPL through their side facets, this review describes their functions in practical CPL applications in terms of: (1) Compactness and integrability, (2) stand-alone (monolithic) nature, (3) room temperature operation, (4) emission with high circular polarization, (5) polarization controllability, and (6) CPL detection. Furthermore, it introduces proposed CPL applications in a wide variety of fields and describes the application of these devices in biological diagnosis using CPL scattering. Finally, it discusses the current state of spin-photonic devices and their applications and future prospects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12060644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]],"date-time":"2021-05-31T21:42:06Z","timestamp":1622497326000},"page":"644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Lateral-Type Spin-Photonics Devices: Development and Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7292-0282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nozomi","family":"Nishizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan"}]},{"given":"Hiro","family":"Munekata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1063\/1.102730","article-title":"Electronic analog of the electro-optic modulator","volume":"56","author":"Datta","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.61.2472","article-title":"Giant magnetoresistance of (001)Fe\/(001)Cr magnetic superlattices","volume":"61","author":"Baibich","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4828","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.39.4828","article-title":"Enhanced magnetoresistance in layered magnetic structure with antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange","volume":"39","author":"Binasch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1038\/45502","article-title":"Injection and detection of a spin-polarized current in a light-emitting diode","volume":"402","author":"Fiederling","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1038\/45509","article-title":"Electrical spin injection in a ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructure","volume":"402","author":"Ohno","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1002\/pssb.200304521","article-title":"Spin-injection in semiconductor: Materials challenges and device aspects","volume":"241","author":"Motsnyi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Status Solidi"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2007.894365","article-title":"Spin injection and detection in semiconductors-electrical issues and device aspects","volume":"54","author":"Vanheertum","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Electron Devices"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R179","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/40\/11\/R01","article-title":"Spin-polarized light-emitting diodes and lasers","volume":"40","author":"Holub","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Phys. D Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Meier, F., and Zakharchenya, B.P. (1984). Optical Orientation (Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Science), Elsevier Science."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8180","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.62.8180","article-title":"Robust electrical spin injection into a semiconductor heterostructure","volume":"62","author":"Jonker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1564873","article-title":"Detection of electrical spin injection by light-emitting diodes in top- and side-emission configurations","volume":"82","author":"Fiederling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66603","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.88.066603","article-title":"Spin-polarized transport in inhomogeneous magnetic semiconductors: Theory of magnetic\/nonmagnetic p-n junctions","volume":"88","author":"Fabian","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R4790","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.62.R4790","article-title":"Fundamental obstacle for electrical spin injection from a ferromagnetic metal into a diffusive semiconductor","volume":"62","author":"Schmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R16267","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.62.R16267","article-title":"Theory of electrical spin injection: Tunnel contacts as a solution of the conductivity mismatch problem","volume":"62","author":"Rashba","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45323","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.64.045323","article-title":"Electrical spin injection into semiconductors","volume":"64","author":"Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"310","article-title":"Spin injection into semiconductors, physics and experiments Semicond","volume":"17","author":"Schmidt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16601","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.87.016601","article-title":"Room-temperature spin injection from Fe into GaAs","volume":"87","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1449530","article-title":"Efficient electrical spin injection from a magnetic metal\/tunnel barrier contact into a semiconductor","volume":"80","author":"Hanbicki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1002\/pssc.201000538","article-title":"MnSb-based spin LED with side-wall emission","volume":"2","author":"Terui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Status Solidi C"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrysgro.2010.11.146","article-title":"Preparation characterization of MnSb-GaAs spin LED","volume":"323","author":"Hanna","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cryst. Growth"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102107","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1881789","article-title":"Spin injction from the Heusler alloy Co2MnGe into Al0.1Ga0.9As\/GaAs heterostructures","volume":"86","author":"Dong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252106","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1949722","article-title":"Spin injection between epitaxial Co2.4Mn1.6Ga and InGaAs quantum wll","volume":"86","author":"Hickey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41103","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3464966","article-title":"Kioseoglou, G. Efficient electron spin injection in MnAs-based spin-light-emitting diodes up to room temperature","volume":"97","author":"Fraser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1491010","article-title":"Electrical spin injection in a ferromagnet\/tunnel barrier\/semiconductor heterostructure","volume":"81","author":"Motsnyi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L502","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.42.L502","article-title":"Highly efficient room temperature spin injection in a metal-insulator-semiconductor light-emitting diode","volume":"42","author":"Vasyl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1116\/1.1692202","article-title":"Efficient electrical spin injection in GaAs: A comparison between AlOx and Schottky injectors","volume":"22","author":"Motsnyi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4334","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1758305","article-title":"Comparison of Fe\/Schottky and Fe\/Al2O3 tunnel barrier contacts for electrical spin injection into GaAs","volume":"84","author":"Kioseoglou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1256","article-title":"Giant tunneling magnetoresistance at room temperature with MgO (100) tunnel barriers","volume":"3","author":"Parkin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"056601","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.94.056601","article-title":"Highly spin-polarized room-temperature tunnel injector for semiconductor spintronics using MgO(100)","volume":"94","author":"Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262503","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2149369","article-title":"Temperature independence of the spin-injection efficiency of a MgO-based tunnel spin injector","volume":"87","author":"Salis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83914","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2800818","article-title":"Growth condition dependence of spin-polarized electroluminescence in Fe\/MgO\/light-emitting diodes","volume":"102","author":"Manago","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152102","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2999631","article-title":"MgO thickness dependence of spin injection efficiency in spin-light emitting diodes","volume":"93","author":"Lu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1116\/1.1819897","article-title":"Optical study of spin injection dynamics in InGaN\/GaN quantum wells with GaMnN injection layers","volume":"22","author":"Buyanova","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2010.12.014","article-title":"Photoluminescence and spin relaxation of MnZnO\/GaN-based light-emitting diodes","volume":"519","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thin Solid Film."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242408","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4848836","article-title":"Electrical spin injection using GaCrN in a GaN based spin light emitting diode","volume":"103","author":"Banerjee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863104","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2012586","article-title":"Room temperature GaN-based spin polarized emitters","volume":"8631","author":"Melton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123005","DOI":"10.7567\/1882-0786\/ab54a1","article-title":"Regulating the circular polarization in nitride-based light-emitting diodes trough the spin injection","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Exp."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43006","DOI":"10.35848\/1882-0786\/ab810b","article-title":"Modulating room temperature spin injection into GaN towards the high-efficiency spin-light emitting diodes","volume":"13","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Exp."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1109\/LPT.2017.2650866","article-title":"Room temperature GaN-based edge-emitting spin-polarized light emitting diode","volume":"29","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123001","DOI":"10.35848\/1882-0786\/abc575","article-title":"Room-temperature spin injection and optical polarization in nitride-based blue and ultra-violet spin light-emitting diodes","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Exp."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1684062","article-title":"An improved method for high reflectivity ellipsometry based on as new polarization modulation technique","volume":"40","author":"Jasperson","year":"1969","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2624","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201204961","article-title":"Induction of circularly polarized electroluminescence from an achiral light-emitting polymer via a chiral small-molecule dopant","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57402","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.057402","article-title":"Circularly polarized light emission from semiconductor planar chiral nanostructures","volume":"106","author":"Konishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8422","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9422","article-title":"Enantiomeric switching of chiral metamaterial for terahertz polarization modulation employing vertically deformable MEMS spirals","volume":"6","author":"Kan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1251329","article-title":"Electrically switchable chiral light-emitting transistor","volume":"344","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07952-x","article-title":"Spin-optoelectronic devices hybrid organic-inorganic trihalide perovskites","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf5291","article-title":"Chiral-induced spin selectivity enables a room-temperature spin light-emitting diode","volume":"371","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R7076","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.56.R7076","article-title":"Manifestation of coherent spin precession in stimulated semiconductor emission dynamics","volume":"56","author":"Hallstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1063\/1.121857","article-title":"Photon-spin controlled lasing oscillation in surface-emitting lasers","volume":"73","author":"Ando","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81113","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3554760","article-title":"Room temperature circularly polarized lasing in an optically spin injected vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser with (110) GaAs quantum wells","volume":"98","author":"Iba","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"22409","article-title":"Controlled switching of ultrafast circular polarization oscillations in spin-polarized vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers","volume":"101","author":"Lindemann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"113949","article-title":"Spin-lasers: Spintronics beyond magnetoresistance","volume":"316\u2013317","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Solid State Commun."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254496","article-title":"Electronic Control of Circularly polarized light emission","volume":"344","author":"Zaumseil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Thompson, G.H.B. (1980). Physics of Semiconductor Laser Devices, John Wiley & Sons Ltd."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schubert, E.F. (2006). Light-Emitting Diodes, Cambridge University Press. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511790546"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2017.01.031","article-title":"Recent developments in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy thin films for data storage applications","volume":"146","author":"Tudu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112511","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2349833","article-title":"Spin injection from perpendicular magnetized ferromagnetic \u03b4-MnGa into (Al, Ga)As heterostructure","volume":"89","author":"Adelmann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33906","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5000348","article-title":"Spin injection in epitaxial MnGa(111)\/GaN(0001) heterostructures","volume":"123","author":"Zube","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12304","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/816\/1\/012034","article-title":"Temperature stabilization of spin-LEDs with CoPt injector","volume":"816","author":"Rykov","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1134\/S1063785019030064","article-title":"Enhancing the circular polarization of spin light-emitting diodes by processing in selenium vapor","volume":"45","author":"Doroknhin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tech. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2804","article-title":"A perpendicular-anisotropy CoFeB-MgO magnetic tunnel junction","volume":"9","author":"Ikeda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34017","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.14.034017","article-title":"Spin injection and relaxation in p-doped (In, Ga)As\/GaAs quantum-dot spin light-emitting diodes at zero magnetic field","volume":"14","author":"Giba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Appl."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"103571D","article-title":"Very efficient electrical spin injection (\/detection) into quantum dots at zero magnetic field","volume":"10357","author":"Cadiz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b05351","article-title":"Electrical initialization of electron and nuclear spins in a single quantum dot at zero magnetic field","volume":"18","author":"Cadiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152404","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4945768","article-title":"Electrical spin injection into GaAs based light emitting diodes using perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction-type spin injector","volume":"108","author":"Tao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51102","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3622662","article-title":"Room temperature spin relaxation length in spin light-emitting diodes","volume":"99","author":"Soldat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205314","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.86.205314","article-title":"Spin injection at remanence into III-V spin light-emitting diodes using (Co\/Pt) ferromagnetic injectors","volume":"86","author":"Zarpellon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3428790","article-title":"Improved interfacial state density in Al2O3\/GaAs interfaces using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition","volume":"96","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172112","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2802727","article-title":"Transport property study of MgO-GaAs(001) contacts for spin injection devices","volume":"91","author":"Schieffer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33507","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4813522","article-title":"Efficient spin injection through a crystalline AlOx tunnel barrier prepared by the oxidation of an ultra-thin Al epitaxial layer on GaAs","volume":"114","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3328","DOI":"10.1063\/1.325286","article-title":"Single-crystal-aluminum Schottky-barrier diodes prepared by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) on GaAs","volume":"49","author":"Cho","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.49.1893","article-title":"Multiorientational growth of Al on GaAs(001) studied with scanning tunneling microscopy","volume":"49","author":"Luo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6028(77)90436-8","article-title":"Adsorption of oxygen on clean single crystal faces of aluminum","volume":"62","author":"Gartland","year":"1977","journal-title":"Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163905","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4934518","article-title":"Room temperature spin injection into (110) GaAs quantum wells using Fe\/x-AlOx contacts in the regime of current density comparable to laser oscillation","volume":"118","author":"Yokota","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609839114","article-title":"Pure circular polarization electroluminescence at room temperature with spin-polarized light-emitting diodes","volume":"114","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35207","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.66.035207","article-title":"Spin relaxation of conduction electrons in bulk III-V semiconductors","volume":"66","author":"Song","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kressel, H., and Butler, J.K. (1977). Semiconductor Lasers and Heterojunction LEDs, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-426250-8.50006-3"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6595","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1519344","article-title":"Spontaneous emission in highly excited semiconductors: Saturation of the radiative recombination rate","volume":"92","author":"Bourdon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kressel, H., and Butler, J.K. (1977). Semiconductor Lasers and Heterojunction LEDs, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-426250-8.50006-3"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3904","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1663884","article-title":"Photon recycling in semiconductor lasers","volume":"45","author":"Stern","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"1053","article-title":"Spin orientation of electrons associated with the interband absorption of light in semiconductors","volume":"33","author":"Perel","year":"1971","journal-title":"Sov. Phys. JETP"},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"112880Q","article-title":"Low-threshold pure-circular polarization electro-luminescence from spin-light-emitting diodes consisting of oxidized Al\/AlAs tunnel barriers","volume":"11288","author":"Munekata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_83","unstructured":"Yoshino, J. Personal communication."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mseb.2005.09.021","article-title":"Spin injection in LED\u2019s and in unipolar devices","volume":"126","author":"Borghs","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. B"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54027","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.8.054027","article-title":"Bias dependence of the electrical spin injection into GaAs from Co-Fe-B\/MgO injectors with different MgO growth processes Phys","volume":"8","author":"Barate","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Appl."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1088\/0268-1242\/17\/4\/302","article-title":"Spin injection, spin transport and spin coherence","volume":"17","author":"Oestreich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semicond. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111102","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4868874","article-title":"A spin light emitting diode incorporating ability of electrical helicity switching","volume":"104","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53003","DOI":"10.7567\/APEX.11.053003","article-title":"Arbitrary helicity control of circularly polarized light from lateral-type spin-polarized light-emitting diodes at room temperature","volume":"11","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Exp."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9447","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/7\/49\/010","article-title":"Spin-dependent transport in metal\/semiconductor tunnel junctions","volume":"7","author":"Prins","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Phys. Condens. Matter"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195317","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.82.195317","article-title":"Spin-polarized electroluminescence and spin-dependent photocurrent in hybrid semiconductor\/ferromagnetic heterostructure: An asymmetric problem","volume":"82","author":"Renucci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134430","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.68.134430","article-title":"Spin-selective transport through Fe\/AlOx\/GaAs(100) interfaces under optical spin orientation","volume":"68","author":"Taniyama","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242102","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2948856","article-title":"Electrical detection of photoinduced spins both at room temperature and in remanence","volume":"92","author":"Gerhardt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116002","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/23\/11\/116002","article-title":"Efficient spin transfer phenomena in Fe\/MgO\/GaAs structure","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Phys. Condens. Matter"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162508","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3582917","article-title":"Optical communication of spin information between light emitting diodes","volume":"98","author":"Farshchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3037","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201104256","article-title":"Ge-based spin-photodiodes for room-temperature integrated detection of photon helicity","volume":"24","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425104","DOI":"10.1088\/0022-3727\/49\/42\/425104","article-title":"Detection of the spin diffusion length in germanium by spin optical orientation and electrical spin injection","volume":"49","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Phys. D Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64022","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.8.064022","article-title":"Angular dependence of the spin photocurrent in a Co-Fe-B\/MgO\/n-i-p GaAs quantum-well structure","volume":"8","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Appl."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44049","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.10.044049","article-title":"Co-Fe-B\/MgO\/Ge spin photodiode operating at telecommunication wavelength with zero applied magnetic field","volume":"10","author":"Djeffal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Appl."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.72.045301","article-title":"Separation of electron spin filtering and magnetic circular dichroism effects in photoexcitation studies of hybrid ferromagnet\/GaAs Schottky barrier structures","volume":"72","author":"Steinmuller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3379\/msjmag.1402R016","article-title":"Circularly polarized light detector based on ferromagnet\/semiconductor junctions","volume":"38","author":"Ikeda","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Magn. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"04CN05","DOI":"10.7567\/JJAP.56.04CN05","article-title":"Investigation of helicity-dependent photocurrent at room temperature from Fe\/x-AlOx\/p-GaAs Schottky junction with oblique surface illumination","volume":"56","author":"Roca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1063\/1.336049","article-title":"Magnetostatic energy of magnetic thin-film edge having volume and surface charges J","volume":"58","author":"Nonaka","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_103","first-page":"103571C","article-title":"Progress in the room temperature operation of GaAs-based lateral-type spin-PD in near-infrared wavelength region","volume":"10357","author":"Roca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213903","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5026511","article-title":"A lateral-type spin-photodiode based on Fe\/x-AlOx\/p-InGaAs junctions with a refracting-facet side window","volume":"123","author":"Roca","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.39.2360","article-title":"Edge-illuminated refracting-facet photodiode with large bandwidth and high output voltage","volume":"39","author":"Fukano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050017","DOI":"10.1142\/S2010324720500174","article-title":"Modeling and optimization of refracting-facet spin-photodiodes based on ferromagnetic metal-insulator-semiconductor tunnel junctions","volume":"10","author":"Roca","year":"2020","journal-title":"SPIN"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235302","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.66.235302","article-title":"Spin diffusion and injection in semiconductor structures: Electric field effects","volume":"66","author":"Yu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.2478\/v10155-010-0086-8","article-title":"Semiconductor spintronics","volume":"57","author":"Fabian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Phys. Slovaca"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35014","DOI":"10.1088\/1468-6996\/9\/3\/035014","article-title":"Spin drift and spin diffusion currents in semiconductors Sci","volume":"9","author":"Miah","year":"2008","journal-title":"Technol. Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_110","unstructured":"Sze, S.M., and Lee, M.-K. (2012). Chapter 2 Carrier transport phenomena. Semiconductor Devices Physics and Technology, John Wiley & Sons. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seeger, K. (2002). Chpater 9 Quantum effects in transport phenomena. Semiconductor Physics: An Introduction, Springer. [8th ed.].","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-05025-5_9"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"091101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2775809","article-title":"Subnanosecond ellipticity detector for laser radiation","volume":"91","author":"Ganichev","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222404","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5047418","article-title":"Circular photogalvanic effect in Cu\/Bi bilayers","volume":"113","author":"Hirose","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13829","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.423121","article-title":"Anomalous circular photogalvanic effect in p-GaAs","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.68.3121","article-title":"Quantum cryptography using any two nonorthogonal states","volume":"68","author":"Bennett","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81210M","DOI":"10.1117\/12.893659","article-title":"Cryptography and system state estimation using polarization states","volume":"8121","author":"Kak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03564","article-title":"Ultrafast non-thermal control of magnetization by instantaneous photomagnetic pulses","volume":"435","author":"Kimel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47601","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.99.047601","article-title":"All-optical magnetic recording with circularly polarized light","volume":"99","author":"Stanciu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73001","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.51.073001","article-title":"Microscopic and spectroscopic studies of light-induced magnetization switching of GdFeCo facilitated by photoemission electron microscopy","volume":"51","author":"Ohkochi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1117\/12.55667","article-title":"Stereoscopic (3-D) projection display using polarized color multiplexing","volume":"29","author":"Jachimowicz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/3DRes.01(2010)1","article-title":"Performance analysis of stereoscopic three-dimensional projection display system","volume":"1","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"3D Res."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75240R","DOI":"10.1117\/12.837509","article-title":"Multispectral polarization viewing angle analysis of circular polarized stereoscopic 3D displays","volume":"7524","author":"Boher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6927","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.20.006927","article-title":"Reflective three-dimensional displays using the cholesteric liquid crystal with an inner patterned retarder","volume":"20","author":"Bae","year":"2012","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3808","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3808","article-title":"Three-dimensional optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface","volume":"4","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.48.000758","article-title":"Paired circularly polarized heterodyne ellipsometer","volume":"48","author":"Yu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.005431","article-title":"Integrating fault tolerance algorithm and circularly polarized ellipsometer for point-of-care applications","volume":"19","author":"Jan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199163081119","article-title":"Resolution of chiral drugs","volume":"63","author":"Porter","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)81732-X","article-title":"Simultaneous monitoring of light-absorption and optical activity in the liquid chromatography of chiral substances","volume":"202","author":"Drake","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0285.2009.00847.x","article-title":"Circular dichroism techniques: Biomolecular and nanostructural analyses\u2014A review","volume":"74","author":"Ranjbar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Drug Des."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meglinski, I., Macdonald, C., and Karl, A. (2012). The mapping of tissue scattering properties on the Poincar\u00e9 sphere. Biomedical Optics and 3D Imaging, OSA Technical Digest, Optical Society of America.","DOI":"10.1364\/BIOMED.2012.BW3B.6"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201400104","article-title":"Application of circularly polarized light for non-invasive diagnosis of cancerous tissues and turbid tissue-like scattering media","volume":"8","author":"Kunnen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.73.2.486","article-title":"Application of polarization effects in light scattering: A new biophysical tool","volume":"73","author":"Bickel","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_133","unstructured":"Bohren, C.F., and Huffman, D.R. (1983). Chapter 4: Absorption and scattering by a sphere. Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles, Wiley-VCH."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9342","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.40.9342","article-title":"Polarization memory of multiply scattered light","volume":"40","author":"MacKintosh","year":"1989","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.49.1767","article-title":"Depolarization of multiply scattered waves by spherical diffusers: Influence of the size parameter","volume":"49","author":"Bicout","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201100062","article-title":"A review of in-vivo optical properties of human tissues and its impact on PDT","volume":"4","author":"Sandell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201500192","article-title":"Trasmission in near-infrared optical windows for deep brain imaging","volume":"9","author":"Shi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.36.000125","article-title":"Influence of particle size and biological cell suspensions","volume":"36","author":"Hielscher","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1109\/2944.796325","article-title":"Polarized light scattering spectroscopy for quantitative measurement of epithelial cellular structure in situ","volume":"5","author":"Backman","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1101-1245","article-title":"Imaging human epithelial properties with polarized light-scattering spectroscopy","volume":"7","author":"Gurger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ushenko, V., Sdobnov, A., Syvokorovskaya, A., Dubolazov, A., Vanchulyak, O., Ushenko, A., Ushenko, Y., Corsky, M., Sidor, M., and Bykov, A. (2018). 3D Mueller-matrix diffusive tomography of polycrystalline blood films for cancer diagnosis. Photonics, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics5040054"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2017.11.082","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of submicron scale anisotropy in tissue multifractality by scattering Mueller matrix in the frame work of Born Approximation","volume":"413","author":"Das","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7101612","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2018.2865443","article-title":"Stokes-correlometry analysis of biological tissues with polycrystalline structure","volume":"25","author":"Ushenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83986-4","article-title":"3D Mueller matrix mapping of layered distributions of depolarization degree for analysis of prostate adenoma and carcinoma diffuse tissues","volume":"11","author":"Ushenko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202000082","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202000082","article-title":"Colon cancer detection by using Poincar\u00e9 sphere and 2D polarimetric mapping of ex vivo colon samples","volume":"13","author":"Ivanov","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4509","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.396294","article-title":"Evaluating \u03b2-amyloidosis progression in Alzheimer\u2019s disease with Mueller polarimetry","volume":"11","author":"Borovkova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202000380","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202000380","article-title":"Angular optimization for cancer identification with circularly polarized light","volume":"14","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biophotonics"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"SEEG03","DOI":"10.35848\/1347-4065\/ab69db","article-title":"Monte Carlo simulation of scattered circularly polarized light in biological tissues for detection technique of abnormal tissues using spin-polarized light emitting diodes","volume":"59","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_149","first-page":"1152114","article-title":"Spatial discrimination of cancer using circular polarization of light scattered by biological tissues","volume":"11521","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_150","unstructured":"Weinberg, R.A. (2014). The Biology of Cancer, Garland Science. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.25.4680","article-title":"Early detection of superficial squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region and esophagus by narrow band imaging: A multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Muto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Micromachines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/12\/6\/644\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:09:33Z","timestamp":1760162973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/12\/6\/644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]},"references-count":151,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["mi12060644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi12060644","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-666X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-666X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,31]]}}}