{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T20:20:14Z","timestamp":1773951614546,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Information on responses of flower-foraging bees to the presence of other visitors simultaneously using the same resource is essential in further understanding bee decision-making processes during the collection of floral rewards. An individual must evaluate the relative costs of exploiting an occupied resource versus moving on to another resource. We investigated responses of foraging individuals to the presence of conspecifics or heterospecifics in three field experiments with solitary and social bees visiting flowers of wild strawberry, Rubus hirsutus Thunb. (Rosaceae). The proportion of Micrandrena spp. that occupied flowers after meeting other foragers was significantly lower than the proportions of Osmia orientalis Benoist and Apis mellifera L. Moreover, the avoidance response of Micrandrena spp. when approaching dead bees (\u201cartificial\u201d visitors) was stronger than that of the other bee species. We also placed an artificial visitor on flowers and observed subsequent responses of natural visitors. The responses of foraging bees to the presence of other visitors varies among species; O. orientalis more frequently visited flowers on which dead Micrandrena spp. were placed than flowers on which dead bees of other species were deployed. Both A. mellifera and Micrandrena spp. avoided flowers on which any other bees were set. We propose that O. orientalis makes decisions on whether to visit an occupied flower after discriminating between flower occupant species by body size.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1603\/an10053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,6]],"date-time":"2011-03-06T12:34:07Z","timestamp":1299414847000},"page":"353-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["To Forage or Not: Responses of Bees to the Presence of Other Bees on Flowers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Fujisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo 606-8502, Kyoto, Japan"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.2307\/3546151","article-title":"Discrimination by pollen-collecting bumblebees among differentially rewarding flowers of an alpine wildflower, Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae).","volume":"69","author":"Cresswell","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.en.25.010180.002225","article-title":"Foraging and mating behavior in Apoidea.","volume":"25","author":"Eickwort","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann. 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Sociobiol."},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr06","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2307\/1938769","article-title":"Resource partitioning in bumblebees: experimental studies of foraging behavior.","volume":"59","author":"Inouye","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ecology."},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr07","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.2307\/1934624","article-title":"Aggression and competition among stingless bees: field studies.","volume":"55","author":"Johnson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr08","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2435.2006.01086.x","article-title":"Do bumble bees save time when choosing novel flowers by following conspecifics?","volume":"20","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr09","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0860","article-title":"Contrasting responses of bumble bees to feeding conspecifics on their familiar and unfamiliar flowers.","volume":"274","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr10","first-page":"47","article-title":"Studies on the coaction among insects visiting flowers. II. Dominance relationship in the socalled drone fly group.","volume":"28","author":"Kikuchi","year":"1962","journal-title":"Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. Ser. IV (Biol.)"},{"key":"2021101113180397800_bibr11","first-page":"275","article-title":"Role of interspecific dominance\u2014subordination relationship on the appearance of flower-visiting insects.","volume":"31","author":"Kikuchi","year":"1965","journal-title":"Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. Ser. 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