{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T20:20:09Z","timestamp":1792182009393,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"The Company of Biologists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GE 1091\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GE 1091\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"German-Israeli Foundation for Science","award":["G-2502-418.13\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-2502-418.13\/2018"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001664","name":"Leibniz Association","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001664","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Across the animal kingdom, dopamine plays a crucial role in conferring reinforcement signals that teach animals about the causal structure of the world. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, dopaminergic reinforcement has largely been studied using genetics, whereas pharmacological approaches have received less attention. Here, we apply the dopamine-synthesis inhibitor 3-Iodo-L-tyrosine (3IY), which causes acute systemic inhibition of dopamine signaling, and investigate its effects on Pavlovian conditioning. We find that 3IY feeding impairs sugar-reward learning in larvae while leaving task-relevant behavioral faculties intact, and that additional feeding of a precursor of dopamine (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-DOPA), rescues this impairment. Concerning a different developmental stage and for the aversive valence domain. Moreover, we demonstrate that punishment learning by activating the dopaminergic neuron PPL1-\u03b31pedc in adult flies is also impaired by 3IY feeding, and can likewise be rescued by L-DOPA. Our findings exemplify the advantages of using a pharmacological approach in combination with the genetic techniques available in D. melanogaster to manipulate neuronal and behavioral function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.058198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T09:54:42Z","timestamp":1620813282000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Associative learning in larval and adult\n                    <i>Drosophila<\/i>\n                    is impaired by the dopamine-synthesis inhibitor 3-Iodo-L-tyrosine"],"prefix":"10.1242","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8597-751X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane","family":"Thoener","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4626-328X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali\u0107e","family":"Weiglein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Toshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nino","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8020-1483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schleyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Department of Genetics, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"237","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021060914230729900_BIO058198C1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.05.025","article-title":"Dopaminergic modulation of arousal in Drosophila","volume":"15","author":"Andretic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. 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