{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T11:44:20Z","timestamp":1792410260009,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]],"date-time":"2007-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1167609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To transcutaneously deliver intense ultrasound (IUS) energy to target the facial superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), to produce discrete thermal injury zones (TIZs) in the SMAS, and to demonstrate the relative sparing of adjacent nontargeted layers superficial and deep to the SMAS layer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 6 unfixed human cadaveric specimens, the SMAS layer was visualized and targeted using the ultrasound imaging component of the IUS device. Using 2 IUS handpieces, 202 exposure lines were delivered bilaterally in multiple facial regions by varying combinations of power and exposure time (0.5-8.0 J). Tissue was then excised and examined grossly and histologically for evidence of thermal injury using nitroblue tetrazolium chloride viability stain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reproducible TIZs were produced selectively in the SMAS at depths of up to 7.8 mm, and sparing of surrounding tissue including the epidermis. Higher energy settings and high-density exposure line pattern produced a greater degree of tissue shrinkage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In human cadaveric facial tissue, IUS can noninvasively target and selectively produce TIZs of reproducible location, size, and geometry in the SMAS layer. The ability to produce focused thermal collagen denaturation in the SMAS to induce shrinkage and tissue tightening has not been previously reported and has significant implications for aesthetic facial rejuvenation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,16]],"date-time":"2007-01-16T10:14:21Z","timestamp":1168942461000},"page":"22-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":184,"title":["Selective Creation of Thermal Injury Zones in the Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Using Intense Ultrasound Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"W. Matthew","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs White and Gliklich); and Ulthera Inc, Mesa, Ariz (Drs Makin, Barthe, and Slayton)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inder Raj S.","family":"Makin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs White and Gliklich); and Ulthera Inc, Mesa, Ariz (Drs Makin, Barthe, and Slayton)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Barthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs White and Gliklich); and Ulthera Inc, Mesa, Ariz (Drs Makin, Barthe, and Slayton)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Slayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs White and Gliklich); and Ulthera Inc, Mesa, Ariz (Drs Makin, Barthe, and Slayton)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Gliklich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Drs White and Gliklich); and Ulthera Inc, Mesa, Ariz (Drs Makin, Barthe, and Slayton)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197607000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-003-3065-3","volume":"27","author":"Ghassemi A","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ghassemi A, , Prescher A, , Riediger D, , Axer H, . Anatomy of the SMAS revisited. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2003; 27:258-264. 15058546","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2466","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199812000-00033","volume":"102","author":"Har-Shai Y","year":"1998","unstructured":"Har-Shai Y, , Sele E, , Rubinstien I, , Lindenbaum E, , Mitz V, , Hirshowitz B, . Computerized morphometric quantification of elastin and collagen in SMAS and facial skin and the possible role of fat cells in SMAS viscoelastic properties. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998; 102:2466-2470. 9858188","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199010000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199607000-00009","article-title":"Mechanical properties and microstructure of the superficial musculoaponeu rotic system","volume":"98","author":"Har-Shai Y","year":"1996","unstructured":"Har-Shai Y, , Bodner SR, , Egozy-Golan D, et al. Mechanical properties and microstructure of the superficial musculoaponeu rotic system. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996; 98:59-70. 8657788","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.6.6.366"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(00)90016-1","article-title":"Comparison of carbon dioxide laser, erbium:YAG laser, dermabrasion, and dermatome: a study of thermal damage, wound contraction, and wound healing in a live pig model: implications for skin resurfacing","volume":"42","author":"Ross EV","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ross EV, , Naseef GS, , McKinlay JR, et al. Comparison of carbon dioxide laser, erbium:YAG laser, dermabrasion, and dermatome: a study of thermal damage, wound contraction, and wound healing in a live pig model: implications for skin resurfacing. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000; 42:92-105. 10607327","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.6.6.398"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/17150274"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2011157","article-title":"Bulk ablation of soft tissue with intense ultrasound (IUS): modeling and ablation","volume":"118","author":"Mast TD","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mast TD, , Makin IRS, , Faidi W, , Runk MM, , Barthe PG, , Slayton MH. Bulk ablation of soft tissue with intense ultrasound (IUS): modeling and ablation. J Acoust Soc Am. 2005; 118:2715-2724. 16266191","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Selective transcutaneous delivery of energy to facial subdermal tissues using the ultrasound therapy system [abstract]","author":"White WM","year":"2006","unstructured":"White WM, , Makin IRS, , Barthe PG, , Slayton MH, , Gliklich RE. Selective transcutaneous delivery of energy to facial subdermal tissues using the ultrasound therapy system [abstract]. Lasers Surg Med, 2006; suppl 18:113","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(91)70296-E"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9101(1996)18:4<358::AID-LSM4>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Histological responses of port wine stains in brown skin after 578 nm copper vapor laser treatment","volume":"18","author":"Chung JH","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chung JH, , Koh WS, , Youn JI. Histological responses of port wine stains in brown skin after 578 nm copper vapor laser treatment. Lasers Surg Med. 1996; 18:358-366. 8732574","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1026","article-title":"Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long-pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling, I: histological study","volume":"28","author":"Majaron B","year":"2001","unstructured":"Majaron B, , Kelly KM, , Park HB, , Verkruysse W, , Nelson SJ. Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long-pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling, I: histological study. Lasers Surg Med. 2001; 28:121-130. 11241517","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-871765"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20048"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-5629(99)00161-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199804000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199004000-00008"}],"container-title":["Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T09:56:53Z","timestamp":1773655013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22"}},"subtitle":["A New Target for Noninvasive Facial Rejuvenation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archfaci.9.1.22","relation":{},"ISSN":["1521-2491","1538-3660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1521-2491","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-3660","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]}}}