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Incidence of tuberculosis varies by geography and living accommodations, suggesting an association with social determinants of health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To update its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review on LTBI screening and treatment in asymptomatic adults seen in primary care, as well as the accuracy of LTBI screening tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Population<\/jats:title>Asymptomatic adults 18 years or older at increased risk for tuberculosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Evidence Assessment<\/jats:title>The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that there is a moderate net benefit in preventing active tuberculosis disease by screening for LTBI in persons at increased risk for tuberculosis infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Recommendation<\/jats:title>The USPSTF recommends screening for LTBI in populations at increased risk. (B recommendation)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.4899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T15:12:03Z","timestamp":1683040323000},"page":"1487","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Screening for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"329","author":[{"name":"US Preventive Services Task Force","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol M.","family":"Mangione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanda K.","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Washington University, 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