{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T09:23:38Z","timestamp":1793957018546,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-jrv240031-1\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the US, approximately 10.55 million adults have atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is associated with significantly increased risk of stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, dementia, chronic kidney disease, and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-jrv240031-2\">\n                    <jats:title>Observations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptoms of AF include palpitations, dyspnea, chest pain, presyncope, exertional intolerance, and fatigue, although approximately 10% to 40% of people with AF are asymptomatic. AF can be detected incidentally during clinical encounters, with wearable devices, or through interrogation of cardiac implanted electronic devices. In patients presenting with ischemic stroke without diagnosed AF, an implantable loop recorder (ie, subcutaneous telemetry device) can evaluate patients for intermittent AF. The 2023 American College of Cardiology (ACC)\/American Heart Association (AHA)\/American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP)\/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Guideline writing group proposed 4 stages of AF evolution: stage 1, at risk, defined as patients with AF-associated risk factors (eg, obesity, hypertension); stage 2, pre-AF, signs of atrial pathology on electrocardiogram or imaging without AF; stage 3, the presence of paroxysmal (recurrent AF episodes lasting \u22647 days) or persistent (continuous AF episode lasting &amp;amp;gt;7 days) AF subtypes; and stage 4, permanent AF. Lifestyle and risk factor modification, including weight loss and exercise, to prevent AF onset, recurrence, and complications are recommended for all stages. In patients with estimated risk of stroke and thromboembolic events of 2% or greater per year, anticoagulation with a vitamin K antagonist or direct oral anticoagulant reduces stroke risk by 60% to 80% compared with placebo. In most patients, a direct oral anticoagulant, such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, or edoxaban, is recommended over warfarin because of lower bleeding risks. Compared with anticoagulation, aspirin is associated with poorer efficacy and is not recommended for stroke prevention. Early rhythm control with antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation to restore and maintain sinus rhythm is recommended by the 2023 ACC\/AHA\/ACCP\/HRS Guideline for some patients with AF. Catheter ablation is first-line therapy in patients with symptomatic paroxysmal AF to improve symptoms and slow progression to persistent AF. Catheter ablation is also recommended for patients with AF who have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) to improve quality of life, left ventricular systolic function, and cardiovascular outcomes, such as rates of mortality and heart failure hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-jrv240031-3\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AF is associated with increased rates of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. Lifestyle and risk factor modification are recommended to prevent AF onset, recurrence, and complications, and oral anticoagulants are recommended for those with an estimated risk of stroke or thromboembolic events of 2% or greater per year. Early rhythm control using antiarrhythmic drugs or catheter ablation is recommended in select patients with AF experiencing symptomatic paroxysmal AF or HFrEF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.22451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T11:32:09Z","timestamp":1734348729000},"page":"329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":228,"title":["Atrial Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"333","author":[{"given":"Darae","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina K.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter T.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emelia J.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert H.","family":"Helm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"jrv240031r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.118.006350","article-title":"Lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation by race and socioeconomic status: ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities).","volume":"11","author":"Mou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"jrv240031r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031431","article-title":"Genetic predisposition, clinical risk factor burden, and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation.","volume":"137","author":"Weng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"jrv240031r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.07.014","article-title":"Minimum national prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation inferred from California acute care facilities.","volume":"84","author":"Noubiap","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001193","article-title":"2023 ACC\/AHA\/ACCP\/HRS guideline for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"149","author":"Joglar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"jrv240031r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e347","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001209","article-title":"2024 heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association.","volume":"149","author":"Martin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"jrv240031r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-077209","article-title":"Temporal trends in lifetime risks of atrial fibrillation and its complications between 2000 and 2022: Danish, nationwide, population based cohort study.","volume":"385","author":"Vinter","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9989","key":"jrv240031r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61774-8","article-title":"50 year trends in atrial fibrillation prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and mortality in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study.","volume":"386","author":"Schnabel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.000102","article-title":"Simple risk model predicts incidence of atrial fibrillation in a racially and geographically diverse population: the CHARGE-AF consortium.","volume":"2","author":"Alonso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"jrv240031r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa005","article-title":"Prediction models for atrial fibrillation applicable in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"22","author":"Himmelreich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.120.008997","article-title":"Performance of atrial fibrillation risk prediction models in over 4 million individuals.","volume":"14","author":"Khurshid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"30","key":"jrv240031r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000029443","article-title":"Association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and atrial fibrillation (AF): a dose-response meta-analysis.","volume":"101","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"8","key":"jrv240031r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2022.05.008","article-title":"Effects of thyroid dysfunction and the thyroid-stimulating hormone levels on the risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis from cohort studies.","volume":"28","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"jrv240031r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.979982","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and atrial fibrillation risk: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of over 10 million participants.","volume":"9","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e143","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab073","article-title":"What do we really know about the association between physical activity, sports, and atrial fibrillation? A systematic review and meta-analysis from unbiased studies.","volume":"29","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac041","article-title":"A phenome-wide bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of atrial fibrillation.","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"jrv240031r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.02.050","article-title":"Targeting the substrate for atrial fibrillation: JACC review topic of the week.","volume":"83","author":"McCauley","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"jrv240031r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309732","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical outcomes.","volume":"120","author":"Staerk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"jrv240031r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euw161","article-title":"EHRA\/HRS\/APHRS\/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: definition, characterization, and clinical implication.","volume":"18","author":"Goette","year":"2016","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"10310","key":"jrv240031r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01698-6","article-title":"Implantable loop recorder detection of atrial fibrillation to prevent stroke (The LOOP Study): a randomised controlled trial.","volume":"398","author":"Svendsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"20","key":"jrv240031r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901183","article-title":"Large-scale assessment of a smartwatch to identify atrial fibrillation.","volume":"381","author":"Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"jrv240031r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802686","article-title":"Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention after embolic stroke of undetermined source.","volume":"378","author":"Hart","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"jrv240031r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1813959","article-title":"Dabigatran for prevention of stroke after embolic stroke of undetermined source.","volume":"380","author":"Diener","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"jrv240031r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2478","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313600","article-title":"Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation.","volume":"370","author":"Sanna","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"jrv240031r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.6470","article-title":"Effect of long-term continuous cardiac monitoring vs usual care on detection of atrial fibrillation in patients with stroke attributed to large- or small-vessel disease: the STROKE-AF randomized clinical trial.","volume":"325","author":"Bernstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"21","key":"jrv240031r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.6128","article-title":"Effect of implantable vs prolonged external electrocardiographic monitoring on atrial fibrillation detection in patients with ischemic stroke: the PER DIEM randomized clinical trial.","volume":"325","author":"Buck","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"15","key":"jrv240031r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e676","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001133","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation occurring during acute hospitalization: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","volume":"147","author":"Chyou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"20","key":"jrv240031r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2248","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1615","article-title":"Incident stroke and mortality associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized with severe sepsis.","volume":"306","author":"Walkey","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"19","key":"jrv240031r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.014058","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of secondary atrial fibrillation in the community: the Framingham Heart Study.","volume":"131","author":"Lubitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872618799748","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation detected initially during acute medical illness: a systematic review.","volume":"8","author":"McIntyre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"13","key":"jrv240031r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMclde2311699","article-title":"Anticoagulation for secondary atrial fibrillation.","volume":"390","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105575","article-title":"Subclinical atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke.","volume":"366","author":"Healey","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"jrv240031r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028845","article-title":"Subclinical atrial fibrillation in older patients.","volume":"136","author":"Healey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"16","key":"jrv240031r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx731","article-title":"Subclinical device-detected atrial fibrillation and stroke risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"39","author":"Mahajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"13","key":"jrv240031r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067512","article-title":"Direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with device-detected atrial fibrillation: a study-level meta-analysis of the NOAH-AFNET 6 and ARTESiA trials.","volume":"149","author":"McIntyre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"jrv240031r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.03.003","article-title":"Typical, atypical, and asymptomatic presentations of new-onset atrial fibrillation in the community: characteristics and prognostic implications.","volume":"13","author":"Siontis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.06.032","article-title":"Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation: demographic features and prognostic information from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study.","volume":"149","author":"Flaker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"23","key":"jrv240031r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000072767.89944.6E","article-title":"Temporal relations of atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure and their joint influence on mortality: the Framingham Heart Study.","volume":"107","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"jrv240031r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4482","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4482","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation and risks of cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and death: systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"354","author":"Odutayo","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht483","article-title":"Clinical course of atrial fibrillation in older adults: the importance of cardiovascular events beyond stroke.","volume":"35","author":"Piccini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"10","key":"jrv240031r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3122","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-06954-8","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation is associated with cognitive impairment, all-cause dementia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"36","author":"Papanastasiou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"jrv240031r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905561","article-title":"Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"361","author":"Connolly","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"jrv240031r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1107039","article-title":"Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"365","author":"Granger","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"jrv240031r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638","article-title":"Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.","volume":"365","author":"Patel","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"jrv240031r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310907","article-title":"Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"369","author":"Giugliano","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.01.031","article-title":"No decline in the risk of heart failure after incident atrial fibrillation: a community study assessing trends overall and by ejection fraction.","volume":"14","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.14766","article-title":"Effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on the risk of atrial fibrillation.","volume":"75","author":"Soliman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e145","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000001183","article-title":"Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with risk of atrial fibrillation and stroke in patients with and without type 2 diabetes: a systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"79","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e125","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000665","article-title":"2019 AHA\/ACC\/HRS focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC\/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society in collaboration with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons.","volume":"140","author":"January","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"jrv240031r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2019.10.008","article-title":"Guideline-directed therapies for comorbidities and clinical outcomes among individuals with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"219","author":"Loring","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"13","key":"jrv240031r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.011307","article-title":"Provider-level variation in smoking cessation assistance provided in the cardiology clinics: insights from the NCDR PINNACLE Registry.","volume":"8","author":"Sardana","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"36","key":"jrv240031r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae176","article-title":"2024 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS).","volume":"45","author":"Van Gelder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"19","key":"jrv240031r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.280521","article-title":"Effect of weight reduction and cardiometabolic risk factor management on symptom burden and severity in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"310","author":"Abed","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2022.12.002","article-title":"An exercise and physical activity program in patients with atrial fibrillation: the ACTIVE-AF randomized controlled trial.","volume":"9","author":"Elliott","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"jrv240031r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10112238","article-title":"Smoking cessation after diagnosis of new-onset atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke and death.","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817591","article-title":"Alcohol abstinence in drinkers with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"382","author":"Voskoboinik","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003599","article-title":"Blood pressure-lowering treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: an individual participant data meta-analysis.","volume":"18","author":"Pinho-Gomes","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000575","article-title":"Relationship of anticoagulant therapy with cognitive impairment among patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis and systematic review.","volume":"71","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"9921","key":"jrv240031r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62343-0","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomised trials.","volume":"383","author":"Ruff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"jrv240031r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18372","article-title":"American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria\u00ae for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults.","volume":"71","author":"2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria\u00ae Update Expert Panel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000198839.61112.ee","article-title":"Low-dose aspirin for prevention of stroke in low-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Japan Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Trial.","volume":"37","author":"Sato","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9872","key":"jrv240031r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62177-1","article-title":"Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial.","volume":"381","author":"Dewilde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"16","key":"jrv240031r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708454","article-title":"Dual antithrombotic therapy with dabigatran after PCI in atrial fibrillation.","volume":"377","author":"Cannon","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"jrv240031r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611594","article-title":"Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI.","volume":"375","author":"Gibson","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"jrv240031r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817083","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy after acute coronary syndrome or PCI in atrial fibrillation.","volume":"380","author":"Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"jrv240031r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.011","article-title":"2020 ACC expert consensus decision pathway for anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee.","volume":"77","author":"Kumbhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"jrv240031r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1904143","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation with stable coronary disease.","volume":"381","author":"Yasuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.09.024","article-title":"Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: the HAS-BLED (Hypertension, Abnormal Renal\/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drugs\/Alcohol Concomitantly) score.","volume":"57","author":"Lip","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"jrv240031r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.06.019","article-title":"Performance of the HEMORR(2)HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS-BLED bleeding risk-prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS (evaluating the use of SR34006 compared to warfarin or acenocoumarol in patients with atrial fibrillation) study.","volume":"60","author":"Apostolakis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"9689","key":"jrv240031r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61343-X","article-title":"Percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage versus warfarin therapy for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a randomised non-inferiority trial.","volume":"374","author":"Holmes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"jrv240031r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.15192","article-title":"Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure vs warfarin for atrial fibrillation: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"312","author":"Reddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.04.029","article-title":"Prospective randomized evaluation of the Watchman left atrial appendage closure device in patients with atrial fibrillation versus long-term warfarin therapy: the PREVAIL trial.","volume":"64","author":"Holmes","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"jrv240031r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021328","article-title":"A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"347","author":"Wyse","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"jrv240031r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021375","article-title":"A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation.","volume":"347","author":"Van Gelder","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"jrv240031r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.05.013","article-title":"Increasing time between first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation and catheter ablation adversely affects long-term outcomes.","volume":"10","author":"Bunch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"14","key":"jrv240031r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2019422","article-title":"Early rhythm-control therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation.","volume":"383","author":"Kirchhof","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"jrv240031r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab593","article-title":"Systematic, early rhythm control strategy for atrial fibrillation in patients with or without symptoms: the EAST-AFNET 4 trial.","volume":"43","author":"Willems","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"jrv240031r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.3.258","article-title":"Rate vs rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis.","volume":"165","author":"de Denus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"jrv240031r79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.772582","article-title":"Catheter ablation versus antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation: the A4 study.","volume":"118","author":"Ja\u00efs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2029980","article-title":"Cryoablation or drug therapy for initial treatment of atrial fibrillation.","volume":"384","author":"Andrade","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.109.856633","article-title":"Pulmonary vein isolation for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials.","volume":"2","author":"Piccini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"jrv240031r82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2017.01.003","article-title":"Revisiting pulmonary vein isolation alone for persistent atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"14","author":"Voskoboinik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"issue":"13","key":"jrv240031r83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0693","article-title":"Effect of catheter ablation vs antiarrhythmic drug therapy on mortality, stroke, bleeding, and cardiac arrest among patients with atrial fibrillation: the CABANA randomized clinical trial.","volume":"321","author":"Packer","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"13","key":"jrv240031r84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.0692","article-title":"Effect of catheter ablation vs medical therapy on quality of life among patients with atrial fibrillation: the CABANA randomized clinical trial.","volume":"321","author":"Mark","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"jrv240031r85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.055297","article-title":"Association between age and outcomes of catheter ablation versus medical therapy for atrial fibrillation: results from the CABANA trial.","volume":"145","author":"Bahnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"21","key":"jrv240031r86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.21.2634","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial.","volume":"293","author":"Wazni","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"jrv240031r87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050955","article-title":"Circumferential pulmonary-vein ablation for chronic atrial fibrillation.","volume":"354","author":"Oral","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"jrv240031r88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708234","article-title":"Pulmonary-vein isolation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure.","volume":"359","author":"Khan","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"jrv240031r89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.2029","article-title":"Comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy and radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"303","author":"Wilber","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"17","key":"jrv240031r90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113566","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation as initial therapy in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.","volume":"367","author":"Cosedis Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"jrv240031r91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.11.064","article-title":"Cryoballoon ablation of pulmonary veins for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: first results of the North American Arctic Front (STOP AF) pivotal trial.","volume":"61","author":"Packer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"jrv240031r92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.467","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (RAAFT-2): a randomized trial.","volume":"311","author":"Morillo","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"17","key":"jrv240031r93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.019406","article-title":"Ablation versus amiodarone for treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with congestive heart failure and an implanted device: results from the AATAC multicenter randomized trial.","volume":"133","author":"Di Biase","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"jrv240031r94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707855","article-title":"Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation with heart failure.","volume":"378","author":"Marrouche","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"jrv240031r95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708789","article-title":"Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure.","volume":"358","author":"Roy","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"jrv240031r96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909163411201","article-title":"Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction.","volume":"341","author":"Torp-Pedersen","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.000806","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of catheter ablation versus medical treatment of atrial fibrillation in heart failure (the CAMTAF trial).","volume":"7","author":"Hunter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"jrv240031r98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041018","article-title":"Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in congestive heart failure.","volume":"351","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"jrv240031r99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0992","article-title":"Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"170","author":"Turagam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"jrv240031r100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2015.02.018","article-title":"Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"1","author":"Al Halabi","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac173","article-title":"Catheter ablation improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"25","author":"Simader","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"issue":"14","key":"jrv240031r102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050991","article-title":"Ablation versus drug therapy for atrial fibrillation in heart failure: results from the CABANA trial.","volume":"143","author":"Packer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"jrv240031r103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.4091","article-title":"Transforming atrial fibrillation research to integrate social determinants of health: a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop report.","volume":"8","author":"Benjamin","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"jrv240031r104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.058949","article-title":"Association of neighborhood-level material deprivation with atrial fibrillation care in a single-payer health care system: a population-based cohort study.","volume":"146","author":"Abdel-Qadir","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"jrv240031r107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2020.03.001","article-title":"Under-reporting and under-representation of racial\/ethnic minorities in major atrial fibrillation clinical trials.","volume":"6","author":"Sarraju","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"jrv240031r72","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Watchman\u00ae LAA closure technology summary of safety and effectiveness data (SSED). March 13, 2015. Accessed March 17, 2024. https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/cdrh_docs\/pdf13\/P130013B.pdf"},{"key":"jrv240031r105","unstructured":"The Joint Commission. R3 report issue 36: new requirements to reduce health care disparities. June 20, 2022. Accessed October 10, 2024. https:\/\/www.jointcommission.org\/standards\/r3-report\/r3-report-issue-36-new-requirements-to-reduce-health-care-disparities\/"},{"key":"jrv240031r106","unstructured":"Heilman? E. An intro to CMS\u2019s SDOH measures. Medisolv. October 7, 2022. Accessed October 10, 2024. https:\/\/blog.medisolv.com\/articles\/intro-cms-sdoh-measures"}],"container-title":["JAMA"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/articlepdf\/2828110\/jama_ko_2024_rv_240031_1737130158.11157.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T11:03:52Z","timestamp":1738062232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2828110"}},"subtitle":["A Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.22451","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-7484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-7484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]}}}