{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:07:16Z","timestamp":1793362036595,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the recovery advantages of minimally invasive surgical techniques, delayed return of gut function after colectomy is a common barrier to timely discharge from hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of 2% perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on return of gut function after elective minimally invasive colon resection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ALLEGRO trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial conducted in 27 UK hospitals. A total of 590 adults scheduled for elective minimally invasive colon resection for benign or malignant disease were randomized 1:1 to 2% intravenous lidocaine or saline placebo. Enrollment occurred from August 13, 2018, to April 11, 2023, with a pause in recruitment from March 20, 2020, through July 6, 2020; final follow-up was on August 10, 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The intervention patients received 2% intravenous lidocaine administered as 1.5-mg\/kg bolus at induction of anesthesia followed by 1.5 mg\/kg\/h for 6 or 12 hours. Control patients received 0.9% saline placebo for 6 or 12 hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with return of gut function at 72 hours after surgery, defined by the GI-3 composite end point of tolerating diet (ingestion of food and drink without significant nausea or vomiting for 3 consecutive meals) and passage of flatus or stool. There were 11 secondary outcomes, including time to GI-3 recovery, time to GI-2 recovery (tolerance of oral diet and passage of stool), prolonged postoperative ileus, postoperative nausea and vomiting score, Overall Benefit of Analgesia Score, postoperative opioid consumption, Quality of Recovery\u201315, quality of life (EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level), enhanced recovery protocol adherence, time to meeting medically defined criteria for discharge, and time to patient self-assessed readiness for discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The trial enrolled 590 patients (295 intervention, 295 control); after 33 postrandomization exclusions, 557 patients were included (279 intervention, 278 control; 249 female patients [44.7%]; mean [SD] age, 66 [10.9] years); 532 (96%) received the randomized treatment. Return of gut function as defined by the GI-3 composite outcome was achieved at 72 hours by 160 patients (57.3%) in the intravenous lidocaine group vs 164 patients (59.0%) in the placebo group (adjusted absolute difference, \u22121.9% [95% CI, \u22128.0% to 4.2%]; relative risk, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.88 to 1.07]). There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in any of the 11 secondary end points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients undergoing elective minimally invasive colon resection, perioperative administration of 2% intravenous lidocaine did not improve return of gut function at 72 hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      isrctn.org Identifier:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.isrctn.com\/ISRCTN52352431\">ISRCTN52352431<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.23898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T12:30:39Z","timestamp":1732710639000},"page":"39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Intravenous Lidocaine for Gut Function Recovery in Colonic Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"333","author":[{"given":"Hugh","family":"Paterson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thenmalar","family":"Vadiveloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Innes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie","family":"Balfour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Atter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Stoddart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonaidh","family":"Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Arnott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorna","family":"Aucott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoe","family":"Batham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwin","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graeme","family":"MacLennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthcare Randomised Trials, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Nimmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Speake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Norrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"joi240139r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.14762","article-title":"Why still in hospital after laparoscopic colorectal surgery within an enhanced recovery programme?","volume":"21","author":"Munk-Madsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"joi240139r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-022-09777-8","article-title":"A retrospective analysis of early discharge following minimally invasive colectomy in an enhanced recovery pathway.","volume":"37","author":"Robitaille","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"joi240139r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.17010","article-title":"Risk prediction algorithms for prolonged postoperative ileus: a systematic review.","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"joi240139r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.5313\/wja.v4.i2.17","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lignocaine: a review.","volume":"4","author":"Weinberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"joi240139r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009642.pub3","article-title":"Continuous intravenous perioperative lidocaine infusion for postoperative pain and recovery in adults.","volume":"6","author":"Weibel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"joi240139r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-015-3105-6","article-title":"Efficacy of intravenous lidocaine for postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis.","volume":"39","author":"Ventham","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"joi240139r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001527","article-title":"Perioperative use of intravenous lidocaine.","volume":"126","author":"Dunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"joi240139r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200701000-00007","article-title":"Intravenous lidocaine infusion facilitates acute rehabilitation after laparoscopic colectomy.","volume":"106","author":"Kaba","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"joi240139r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-013-1065-0","article-title":"Intravenous lidocaine for post-operative pain relief after hand-assisted laparoscopic colon surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.","volume":"18","author":"Tikui\u0161is","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"3","key":"joi240139r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.9738\/INTSURG-D-14-00225.1","article-title":"Intravenous lidocaine for effective pain relief after a laparoscopic colectomy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.","volume":"100","author":"Ahn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"joi240139r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000329","article-title":"Cardiac arrest and seizures caused by local anesthetic systemic toxicity after peripheral nerve blocks: should we still fear the reaper?","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"joi240139r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801-020-00205-8","article-title":"Intravenous lidocaine for acute pain: a single-institution retrospective study.","volume":"7","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs Real World Outcomes"},{"issue":"2","key":"joi240139r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463719873021","article-title":"A survey on the use of intravenous lidocaine infusion for acute pain in Scottish Hospitals.","volume":"14","author":"Meaney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"joi240139r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06021-5","article-title":"The ALLEGRO trial: a placebo controlled randomised trial of intravenous lidocaine in accelerating gastrointestinal recovery after colorectal surgery.","volume":"23","author":"Paterson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"joi240139r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2022.07.005","article-title":"Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Norms for the English Population.","volume":"26","author":"McNamara","year":"2023","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"joi240139r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b13ca2","article-title":"The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications: five-year experience.","volume":"250","author":"Clavien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"joi240139r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000232538.72458.93","article-title":"Alvimopan, for postoperative ileus following bowel resection: a pooled analysis of phase III studies.","volume":"245","author":"Delaney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"joi240139r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10322","article-title":"Randomized open-label phase II study comparing oxycodone-naloxone with oxycodone in early return of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.","volume":"104","author":"Creamer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"joi240139r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq186","article-title":"Development and longitudinal validation of the overall benefit of analgesia score: a simple multi-dimensional quality assessment instrument.","volume":"105","author":"Lehmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"6","key":"joi240139r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318289b84b","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of a postoperative quality of recovery score: the QoR-15.","volume":"118","author":"Stark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"joi240139r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.421","article-title":"The impact of age on complications, survival, and cause of death following colon cancer surgery.","volume":"116","author":"Aquina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"joi240139r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318259bcd8","article-title":"Perioperative systemic lidocaine for postoperative analgesia and recovery after abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"55","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"2","key":"joi240139r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15286","article-title":"Unlicensed intravenous lidocaine for postoperative pain: always a safer \u2018licence to stop\u2019 than to start.","volume":"76","author":"Pandit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"3","key":"joi240139r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005322","article-title":"Perioperative lidocaine infusion: does the risk outweigh the benefit?","volume":"132","author":"Weinberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"joi240139r1","unstructured":"National Bowel Cancer Audit. Annual report 2022. Accessed September 19, 2024. https:\/\/www.nboca.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/NBOCA-2022-Final.pdf"},{"key":"joi240139r2","unstructured":"Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons. Colon resection surgery patient information from SAGES. Accessed September 19, 2024. https:\/\/www.sages.org\/publications\/patient-information\/patient-information-for-laparoscopic-colon-resection-from-sages"},{"key":"joi240139r16","unstructured":"Foundation for Advanced Cardiovascular Education and Training. 7th Annual ERAS Symposium, February 9-10 2024. Accessed September 19, 2024. https:\/\/thefacet.org\/conferences\/detail\/109"}],"container-title":["JAMA"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/articlepdf\/2827435\/jama_paterson_2024_oi_240139_1741633738.12862.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T11:05:13Z","timestamp":1741863913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2827435"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.23898","relation":{},"ISSN":["0098-7484"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0098-7484","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]}}}