{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:39:17Z","timestamp":1792096757651,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.2497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T11:32:03Z","timestamp":1594207923000},"page":"1102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Natural History of Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis and the Association of Early Intervention With Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Gahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Trial Unit Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mevl\u00fct","family":"\u00c7elik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Head","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Medtronic, Maastricht, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Vanoverschelde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"P\u00f4le de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Exp\u00e9rimentale et Clinique, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Pibarot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qu\u00e9bec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Reardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas M.","family":"van Mieghem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Pieter","family":"Kappetein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"J\u00fcni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno R.","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"hoi200043r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx324","article-title":"2017 ESC\/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease.","volume":"52","author":"Falk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"23","key":"hoi200043r2","first-page":"e521","article-title":"2014 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.","volume":"129","author":"Nishimura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"hoi200043r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1159","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503","article-title":"2017 AHA\/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"135","author":"Nishimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"hoi200043r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-012-0309-3","article-title":"Clinical course of patients diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis in the Rotterdam area: insights from the AVARIJN study.","volume":"20","author":"Heuvelman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neth Heart J"},{"issue":"25","key":"hoi200043r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.001","article-title":"Initial surgical versus conservative strategies in patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"66","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi200043r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.86.4.381","article-title":"Treatment decision in asymptomatic aortic valve stenosis: role of exercise testing.","volume":"86","author":"Amato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"19","key":"hoi200043r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.02.057","article-title":"Natural history, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies for patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"67","author":"G\u00e9n\u00e9reux","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi200043r8","first-page":"848","article-title":"Challenges in the management of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"40","author":"Owen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"15","key":"hoi200043r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting: Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group.","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi200043r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx115","article-title":"Adverse events while awaiting myocardial revascularization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"52","author":"Head","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"13","key":"hoi200043r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03330370053031","article-title":"If nothing goes wrong, is everything all right? interpreting zero numerators.","volume":"249","author":"Hanley","year":"1983","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"47","key":"hoi200043r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu424","article-title":"Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized trials: principles and pitfalls.","volume":"35","author":"da Costa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/rssa.2008.172.issue-1","article-title":"A re-evaluation of random-effects meta-analysis.","volume":"172","author":"Higgins","year":"2009","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser A Stat Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"hoi200043r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15527","article-title":"Effect of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis on outcomes of individuals aged 80 and older.","volume":"66","author":"Suzuki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"hoi200043r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000010246","article-title":"Prognostic value of area of calcified aortic valve by 2-dimensional echocardiography in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"hoi200043r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.06.064","article-title":"Severe aortic stenosis patients with preserved ejection fraction according to flow and gradient classification: prevalence and outcomes.","volume":"248","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez G\u00f3mez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"hoi200043r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.07.101","article-title":"Relation of left atrial size, cardiac morphology, and clinical outcome in asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"120","author":"Christensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2016.05.015","article-title":"Asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis in the elderly.","volume":"10","author":"Zilberszac","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"hoi200043r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-16-0333","article-title":"Predictors of rapid progression and clinical outcome of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"80","author":"Nishimura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi200043r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.003146","article-title":"Prognostic value of aortic valve area by doppler echocardiography in patients with severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"5","author":"Mar\u00e9chaux","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi200043r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-15-0876","article-title":"Significance of coronary artery disease and left ventricular afterload in unoperated asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"80","author":"Shibayama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2015.04.010","article-title":"Usefulness of atrial function for risk stratification in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"67","author":"Todaro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi200043r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2014.12.009","article-title":"Prognostic value of LV deformation parameters using 2D and 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved LV ejection fraction.","volume":"8","author":"Nagata","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"24","key":"hoi200043r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-305763","article-title":"Velocity ratio predicts outcomes in patients with low gradient severe aortic stenosis and preserved EF.","volume":"100","author":"Jander","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi200043r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.07.088","article-title":"Severe autonomic failure as a predictor of mortality in aortic valve stenosis.","volume":"176","author":"Zuern","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"hoi200043r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2014.06.003","article-title":"The value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in individuals with apparently asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis: a pilot study.","volume":"107","author":"Levy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"24","key":"hoi200043r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4649","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20131783","article-title":"What is the real practice of exercise echocardiographic testing in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis?","volume":"126","author":"Cho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi200043r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.112.977348","article-title":"Association of myocardial deformation with outcome in asymptomatic aortic stenosis with normal ejection fraction.","volume":"5","author":"Yingchoncharoen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.02.056","article-title":"Prognostic value of aortic valve area index in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"110","author":"Saito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi200043r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.072","article-title":"Clinical outcome in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis: insights from the new proposed aortic stenosis grading classification.","volume":"59","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1345","key":"hoi200043r31","first-page":"40","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with untreated severe aortic stenosis in real-world practice.","volume":"124","author":"Perera","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"issue":"24","key":"hoi200043r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-300137","article-title":"Clinical outcomes in non-surgically managed patients with very severe versus severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"97","author":"Kitai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi200043r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2010.192997","article-title":"Prognostic effect of inappropriately high left ventricular mass in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"97","author":"Cioffi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.894170","article-title":"Natural history of very severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"121","author":"Rosenhek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r35","first-page":"91","article-title":"Annual rate of progression of aortic-jet velocity and survival in cases of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"30","author":"Hristova-Antova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prilozi"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi200043r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jen299","article-title":"Impact of impaired myocardial deformations on exercise tolerance and prognosis in patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"10","author":"Lafitte","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi200043r37","first-page":"376","article-title":"Does exercise echocardiography have an added value over exercise testing alone in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis?","volume":"17","author":"Weisenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi200043r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.12.019","article-title":"Outcome of adults with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"123","author":"Avakian","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi200043r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2010.07.070","article-title":"Clinical outcome of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis with medical and surgical management: importance of STS score at diagnosis.","volume":"90","author":"Le Tourneau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"24","key":"hoi200043r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3290","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.495903","article-title":"Outcome of 622 adults with asymptomatic, hemodynamically significant aortic stenosis during prolonged follow-up.","volume":"111","author":"Pellikka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"hoi200043r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01088-2","article-title":"Clinical predictors of prognosis in severe aortic stenosis in unoperated patients > or = 75 years of age.","volume":"86","author":"Pierri","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"hoi200043r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008313430903","article-title":"Predictors of outcome in severe, asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"343","author":"Rosenhek","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi200043r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912846","article-title":"Early surgery or conservative care for asymptomatic aortic stenosis.","volume":"382","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"hoi200043r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2019.01.035","article-title":"Impact of valve replacement on long-term survival in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"123","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi200043r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.01.031","article-title":"Prognosis of severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis with and without surgery.","volume":"108","author":"Campo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"hoi200043r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.049","article-title":"Asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction: early surgery versus conservative management.","volume":"72","author":"Bohbot","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"hoi200043r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.116.004689","article-title":"Predictors of long-term outcomes in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved left ventricular systolic function undergoing exercise echocardiography.","volume":"9","author":"Masri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"13","key":"hoi200043r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.909903","article-title":"Early surgery versus conventional treatment in asymptomatic very severe aortic stenosis.","volume":"121","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi200043r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.07.043","article-title":"Malignant natural history of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis: benefit of aortic valve replacement.","volume":"82","author":"Pai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"13","key":"hoi200043r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-668X(03)00201-X","article-title":"A prospective survey of patients with valvular heart disease in Europe: the Euro Heart Survey on Valvular Heart Disease.","volume":"24","author":"Iung","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi200043r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.007451","article-title":"Progression of hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in aortic stenosis: a Multicenter Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study.","volume":"11","author":"Everett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"hoi200043r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.3152","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis followed up in heart valve clinics.","volume":"3","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi200043r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs533","article-title":"Updated standardized endpoint definitions for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 consensus document (VARC-2).","volume":"42","author":"Kappetein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"}],"container-title":["JAMA Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamacardiology\/articlepdf\/2768167\/jamacardiology_gahl_2020_oi_200043_1602688141.17564.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T10:55:22Z","timestamp":1723200922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamacardiology\/fullarticle\/2768167"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.2497","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.738284343.793580511","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2380-6583"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2380-6583","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}}}