{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:04:49Z","timestamp":1793246689141,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.3979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,9]],"date-time":"2021-10-09T18:33:26Z","timestamp":1633804406000},"page":"45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Association of Smoking With Postprocedural Complications Following Open and Endovascular Interventions for Intermittent Claudication"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Reitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Althouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shipra","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip P.","family":"Goodney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Vascular Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire"},{"name":"Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, New Hampshire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula K.","family":"Shireman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, UT Health San Antonio, University of Texas, San Antonio"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Wolff Center at UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-1160-0","article-title":"Smoking prevalence among US veterans.","volume":"25","author":"Brown","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.2.197","article-title":"Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis.","volume":"300","author":"Fowkes","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi210067r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.10.022","article-title":"The risk of disease progression in peripheral arterial disease is higher than expected: a meta-analysis of mortality and disease progression in peripheral arterial disease.","volume":"51","author":"Sigvant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"18","key":"hoi210067r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.918417","article-title":"Inflammation in peripheral artery disease.","volume":"122","author":"Brevetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi210067r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025024","article-title":"Smoking: a dual pathogen for arterial and venous thrombosis.","volume":"135","author":"Anand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.12.011","article-title":"Preoperative smoking is associated with early graft failure after infrainguinal bypass surgery.","volume":"59","author":"Selvarajah","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000112642.63927.54","article-title":"Relationship of high and low ankle brachial index to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: the Strong Heart Study.","volume":"109","author":"Resnick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi210067r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.12.044","article-title":"Active smoking in claudicants undergoing lower extremity bypass predicts decreased graft patency and worse overall survival.","volume":"68","author":"Jones","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.02.066","article-title":"Cigarette smoking intensity informs outcomes after open revascularization for peripheral artery disease.","volume":"70","author":"Young","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.10.091","article-title":"The impact of current smoking on outcomes after infrainguinal bypass for claudication.","volume":"68","author":"Kalbaugh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"hoi210067r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.10298","article-title":"Association of smoking cessation with subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease.","volume":"322","author":"Duncan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"hoi210067r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.587006","article-title":"Histological features of symptomatic carotid plaques in relation to age and smoking: the Oxford Plaque study.","volume":"41","author":"Redgrave","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi210067r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2S","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.12.009","article-title":"Society for Vascular Surgery practice guidelines for atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower extremities: management of asymptomatic disease and claudication.","volume":"61","author":"Conte","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.10.002","article-title":"ACC\/AHA\/SCAI\/SIR\/SVM 2018 appropriate use criteria for peripheral artery intervention: a report of the American College of Cardiology Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Heart Association, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, and Society for Vascular Medicine.","volume":"73","author":"Bailey","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"14","key":"hoi210067r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032361","article-title":"Association of statin dose with amputation and survival in patients with peripheral artery disease.","volume":"137","author":"Arya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.4330","article-title":"Association of frailty and postoperative complications with unplanned readmissions after elective outpatient surgery.","volume":"2","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"20","key":"hoi210067r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.010076","article-title":"Underutilization of evidence-based smoking cessation support strategies despite high smoking addiction burden in peripheral artery disease specialty care: insights from the international PORTRAIT registry.","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi210067r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.08.278","article-title":"Patients undergoing interventions for claudication experience low perioperative morbidity but are at risk for worsening functional status and limb loss.","volume":"72","author":"Levin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.05.222","article-title":"Optimal medical management before lower extremity bypass for claudication in the veteran population.","volume":"69","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"hoi210067r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.","volume":"12","author":"von Elm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"hoi210067r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.0504","article-title":"Practical guide to surgical data sets: Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP).","volume":"153","author":"Massarweh","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi210067r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199810000-00006","article-title":"The Department of Veterans Affairs\u2019 NSQIP: the first national, validated, outcome-based, risk-adjusted, and peer-controlled program for the measurement and enhancement of the quality of surgical care.","volume":"228","author":"Khuri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"15","key":"hoi210067r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.824151","article-title":"Statin adherence and risk of accidents: a cautionary tale.","volume":"119","author":"Dormuth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003276","article-title":"Recalibration and external validation of the Risk Analysis Index: a surgical frailty assessment tool.","volume":"272","author":"Arya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi210067r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.4620","article-title":"Association of preoperative patient frailty and operative stress with postoperative mortality.","volume":"155","author":"Shinall","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"hoi210067r26","article-title":"Association of frailty and the Expanded Operative Stress Score with preoperative acute serious conditions, complications and mortality in males compared to females: a retrospective observational study.","author":"Yan","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"hoi210067r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2020.01.015","article-title":"Assessment of the risk analysis index for prediction of mortality, major complications, and length of stay in patients who underwent vascular surgery.","volume":"66","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"26","key":"hoi210067r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1901109","article-title":"Procedural volume and outcomes for transcatheter aortic-valve replacement.","volume":"380","author":"Vemulapalli","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"hoi210067r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.10.1762","article-title":"Differences in health-related quality of life in rural and urban veterans.","volume":"94","author":"Weeks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"14","key":"hoi210067r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa0903048","article-title":"Variation in hospital mortality associated with inpatient surgery.","volume":"361","author":"Ghaferi","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000359","article-title":"Propensity score methods for confounding control in nonexperimental research.","volume":"6","author":"Brookhart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi210067r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.v51:1","article-title":"Some methods of propensity-score matching had superior performance to others: results of an empirical investigation and Monte Carlo simulations.","volume":"51","author":"Austin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biom J"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.0416","article-title":"Association between preoperative metformin exposure and postoperative outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes.","volume":"155","author":"Reitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"15","key":"hoi210067r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.13480","article-title":"The propensity score.","volume":"314","author":"Haukoos","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi210067r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.20059","article-title":"Association of matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with transcranial Doppler velocities in children with sickle cell anemia.","volume":"321","author":"Bernaudin","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi210067r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value.","volume":"167","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000864","article-title":"Web site and R package for computing E-values.","volume":"29","author":"Mathur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2016.4202","article-title":"Development and initial validation of the Risk Analysis Index for measuring frailty in surgical populations.","volume":"152","author":"Hall","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"10082","key":"hoi210067r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30819-X","article-title":"Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.","volume":"389","author":"Reitsma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.10.023","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factor control and outcomes in peripheral artery disease patients in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) registry.","volume":"204","author":"Cacoub","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.4","article-title":"Hospital readmission after noncardiac surgery: the role of major complications.","volume":"149","author":"Glance","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2010.09.013","article-title":"Smoking cessation reduces postoperative complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"124","author":"Mills","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"hoi210067r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182911913","article-title":"Preoperative smoking status and postoperative complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"259","author":"Gr\u00f8nkj\u00e6r","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31822d7f81","article-title":"The attributable risk of smoking on surgical complications.","volume":"254","author":"Hawn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"hoi210067r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.4.356","article-title":"Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994.","volume":"280","author":"Winkleby","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7","key":"hoi210067r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035521","article-title":"Associations of income volatility with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a US cohort.","volume":"139","author":"Elfassy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"hoi210067r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2014.08.115","article-title":"Frailty increases the risk of 30-day mortality, morbidity, and failure to rescue after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair independent of age and comorbidities.","volume":"61","author":"Arya","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2020.01.043","article-title":"Frailty as measured by the Risk Analysis Index is associated with long-term death after carotid endarterectomy.","volume":"72","author":"Rothenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"hoi210067r52","article-title":"Clinical utility of the Risk Analysis Index as a prospective frailty screening tool within a multi-practice, multi-hospital integrated healthcare system.","author":"Varley","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"hoi210067r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2017.01.025","article-title":"Outcomes of open and endovascular lower extremity revascularization in active smokers with advanced peripheral arterial disease.","volume":"65","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"hoi210067r54","article-title":"Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.","author":"Cahill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"hoi210067r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.1404","article-title":"Development of a Veterans Affairs hybrid operating room for transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.","volume":"150","author":"Shunk","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"hoi210067r30","unstructured":"Veterans Health Administration. Office of Rural Health Rurality Calculator. Accessed January 10, 2020. http:\/\/vaww.vashare.vha.va.gov\/sites\/ruralhealth\/Pages\/Rurality.aspx"},{"key":"hoi210067r31","unstructured":"US Department of Veterans Affairs. Veterans Health Administration Operative Complexity. Accessed December 1, 2020. https:\/\/www.va.gov\/health\/surgery\/"},{"key":"hoi210067r35","unstructured":"Leuven? E, Sianesi? B. PSMATCH2: Stata module to perform full Mahalanobis and propensity score matching, common support graphing, and covariate imbalance testing. Accessed October 1, 2020. https:\/\/ideas.repec.org\/c\/boc\/bocode\/s432001.html"}],"container-title":["JAMA Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamacardiology\/articlepdf\/2784936\/jamacardiology_reitz_2021_oi_210067_1640293640.18505.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T11:07:19Z","timestamp":1641985639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamacardiology\/fullarticle\/2784936"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2021.3979","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740943507.793592606","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2380-6583"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2380-6583","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}}}