{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:45:53Z","timestamp":1793249153471,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-drv220003-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) is used for various medical and cosmetic applications. However, there is insufficient evidence-based guidance to assist clinicians performing LADD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-drv220003-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop recommendations for the safe and effective use of LADD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-drv220003-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Evidence Review<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature review of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and MEDLINE was conducted in December 2019 to identify publications reporting research on LADD. A multidisciplinary panel was convened to draft recommendations informed by the systematic review; they were refined through 2 rounds of Delphi survey, 2 consensus meetings, and iterative review by all panelists until unanimous consensus was achieved.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-drv220003-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 48 published studies of ablative fractional LADD that met inclusion criteria, 4 were cosmetic studies; 21, oncologic; and 23, medical (not cosmetic\/oncologic), and 6 publications of nonablative fractional LADD were included at the request of the expert panel, producing a total of 54 studies. Thirty-four studies (63.0%) were deemed to have low risk of bias, 17 studies (31.5%) had moderate risk, and 3 (5.5%) had serious risk. The key findings that informed the guidelines developed by the expert panel were as follows: LADD is safe in adults and adolescents (\u226512 years) with all Fitzpatrick skin types and in patients with immunosuppression; it is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in situ, actinic cheilitis, hypertrophic scars, and keloids; it is useful for epidermal and dermal analgesia; drug delivery may be increased through the application of heat, pressure, or occlusion, or by using an aqueous drug solution; laser settings should be selected to ensure that channel diameter is greater than the delivered molecule; antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended, except with impaired wound healing; antiviral prophylaxis is recommended when treating the face and genitalia; and antifungal prophylaxis is not recommended. The guideline\u2019s 15 recommendations address 5 areas of LADD use: (I) indications and contraindications; (II) parameters to report; (III) optimization of drug delivery; (IV) safety considerations; and (V) prophylaxis for bacterial, viral, and fungal infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-drv220003-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and Delphi consensus approach culminated in an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for safe and effective use of LADD in a variety of applications. Future research will further improve our understanding of this novel treatment technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.3234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,17]],"date-time":"2022-08-17T11:01:19Z","timestamp":1660734079000},"page":"1193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Laser-Assisted Drug Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Jessica G.","family":"Labadie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Worley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca Y.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uros","family":"Rakita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Rigali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth A.","family":"Arndt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SkinCare Physicians, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Main Line Center for Laser Surgery, Ardmore, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"Brauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ronald O. 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