{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:09:33Z","timestamp":1790284173409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data on the association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are inconsistent. Few studies have examined the association of AD or AD severity with risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD) separately.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-5\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the risk of new-onset IBD, UC, and CD in children and adults with AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>This population-based cohort study assessed patients with AD matched with up to 5 controls on age, practice, and index date. Treatment exposure was used as a proxy for AD severity. Data were retrieved from The Health Improvement Network, a UK electronic medical record database, for January 1, 1994, to February 28, 2015. Data analysis was performed from January 8, 2020, to June 30, 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-7\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Outcomes of interest were incident IBD, UC, and CD. Logistic regression was used to examine the risk for each outcome in children and adults with AD compared with controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1\u202f809\u202f029 pediatric controls were matched to 409\u202f431 children with AD (93.2% mild, 5.5% moderate, and 1.3% severe). The pediatric cohort ranged in median age from 4 to 5 years (overall range, 1-10 years), was predominantly male (936\u202f750 [51.8%] controls, 196\u202f996 [51.6%] with mild AD, 11\u202f379 [50.7%] with moderate AD, and 2985 [56.1%] with severe AD), and with similar socioeconomic status. A total of 2\u202f678\u202f888 adult controls were matched to 625\u202f083 adults with AD (65.7% mild, 31.4% moderate, and 2.9% severe). The adult cohort ranged in median age from 45 to 50 years (overall range, 30-68 years) and was predominantly female (1\u202f445\u202f589 [54.0%] controls, 256\u202f071 [62.3%] with mild AD, 109\u202f404 [55.8%] with moderate AD, and 10\u202f736 [59.3%] with severe AD). In fully adjusted models, children with AD had a 44% increased risk of IBD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44; 95% CI, 1.31-1.58) and a 74% increased risk of CD (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.54-1.97), which increased with worsening AD; however, they did not have increased risk of UC (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.94-1.27) except for those with severe AD (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.02-2.67). Adults with AD had a 34% (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.27-1.40) increased risk of IBD, a 36% (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.26-1.47) increased risk of CB, and a 32% (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.24-1.41) increased risk of UC, with risk increasing with worsening AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi230037-9\"><jats:title>Conclusion and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort study, children and adults with AD had an increased risk of IBD, with risk varying by age, AD severity, and IBD subtype. These findings provide new insights into the association between AD and IBD. Clinicians should be aware of these risks, particularly when selecting systemic treatments for AD in patients who may have coincident gastrointestinal symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.2875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T15:34:53Z","timestamp":1693409693000},"page":"1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Zelma C.","family":"Chiesa Fuxench","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 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