{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:56:44Z","timestamp":1792033004891,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Little is known about the prevalence and magnitude of stigmatizing attitudes of the general public toward individuals with acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the degree of stigma toward individuals with acne and whether these attitudes vary based on characteristics of the individuals with acne or of the survey participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross-sectional internet survey study, 4 stock portraits of adults that varied in sex (male\/female) and skin tone (light\/dark) were digitally enhanced to have acne (mild\/severe). One of these 12 images was randomly presented to survey participants, who subsequently answered questions regarding stigmatizing attitudes with respect to the pictured individual, such as desire for social distance and stereotype endorsement. The survey was administered to a convenience sample of adult respondents in the US who were volunteers on the ResearchMatch platform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-7\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence and magnitude of stigma toward individuals with acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The survey was completed by 1357 respondents (65.7% completion rate) (mean [SD] age, 42.4 [14.3] years; 918 [67.7%] female, 439 [32.4%] male). Compared to those with no acne, for those with severe acne, participants reported less comfort being friends (adjusted coefficient [95% CI], \u22120.28 [\u22120.47 to \u22120.10]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003), hiring (\u22120.33 [\u22120.51 to \u22120.15]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), having physical contact (\u22120.26 [\u22120.45 to \u22120.08]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.006), dating (\u22120.44 [\u22120.74 to \u22120.14]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.004), and posting a photograph together on social media (\u22120.50 [\u22120.70 to \u22120.30]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001). Compared to those with no acne, participants were more likely to rate individuals with severe acne as having poor hygiene (adjusted coefficient [95% CI], \u22121.04 [\u22121.46 to \u22120.82]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001) and being unattractive (\u22120.89 [\u22121.12 to \u22120.67]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), unintelligent (\u22120.42 [\u22120.63 to \u22120.22]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), unlikable (\u22120.36 [\u22120.56 to \u22120.15]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), immature (\u22120.52 [\u22120.74 to \u22120.30]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), and untrustworthy (\u22120.40 [\u22120.61 to \u22120.18]; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001). There was evidence that the effect size of the association of acne with desire to social distance was greater for individuals with dark skin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-dbr230019-9\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This survey study demonstrates that stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with acne existed across a variety of social and professional scenarios, with severe acne and acne in darker skin tone being associated with a greater degree of stigma. These findings highlight the need to identify approaches to reduce stigmatizing attitudes in the community and for adequate access to care, which might prevent negative downstream effects related to these stigmatizing attitudes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2023.4487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T16:02:21Z","timestamp":1701878541000},"page":"93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Evaluation of Stigma Toward Individuals With Acne"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Shields","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Nock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Manjaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Mostaghimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Associate Editor and Evidence-Based Practice Editor, JAMA Dermatology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"dbr230019r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2010.09053","article-title":"Skin disease and stigma in emerging adulthood: impact on healthy development.","volume":"14","author":"Roosta","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"dbr230019r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205009","article-title":"Stigma predicts health-related quality of life impairment, psychological distress, and somatic symptoms in acne sufferers.","volume":"13","author":"Davern","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS 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T. This person does not exist. NVIDIA Research. Accessed July 5, 2019. https:\/\/www.thispersondoesnotexist.com"},{"key":"dbr230019r5","unstructured":"Morillo? C. Man wearing blue button up sweater. Accessed May 14, 2019. https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/man-wearing-blue-button-up-sweater-1181391\/"},{"key":"dbr230019r8","unstructured":"Disclosure standards. American Association for Public Opinion Research. Updated April 2021. 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