{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:31:00Z","timestamp":1780497060112,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dermatologists prescribe more oral antibiotics per clinician than clinicians in any other specialty. Despite clinical guidelines that recommend limitation of long-term oral antibiotic treatments for acne to less than 3 months, there is little evidence to guide the design and implementation of an antibiotic stewardship program in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify salient barriers and facilitators to long-term antibiotic prescriptions for acne treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>This qualitative study assessed data collected from stakeholders (including dermatologists, infectious disease physicians, dermatology resident physicians, and nonphysician clinicians) via an online survey and semistructured video interviews between March and August 2021. Data analyses were performed from August 12, 2021, to January 20, 2024.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-7\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Online survey and qualitative video interviews developed with the Theoretical Domains Framework. Thematic analyses were used to identify salient themes on barriers and facilitators to long-term antibiotic prescriptions for acne treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 30 participants (14 [47%] males and 16 [53%] females) who completed the study requirements and were included in the analysis, knowledge of antibiotic guideline recommendations was high and antibiotic stewardship was believed to be a professional responsibility. Five salient themes were to be affecting long-term antibiotic prescriptions: perceived lack of evidence to justify change in dermatologic practice, difficulty navigating patient demands and satisfaction, discomfort with discussing contraception, iPLEDGE-related barriers, and the absence of an effective system to measure progress on antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-doi240005-9\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this qualitative study indicate that multiple salient factors affect long-term antibiotic prescribing practices for acne treatment. These factors should be considered in the design and implementation of any future outpatient antibiotic stewardship program for clinical dermatology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2024.0203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,3]],"date-time":"2024-04-03T15:00:46Z","timestamp":1712156446000},"page":"535","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Barriers and Facilitators Affecting Long-Term Antibiotic Prescriptions for Acne Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Ronnie A.","family":"Festok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avni S.","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Barron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Case","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suephy C.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina"},{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Swerlick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cam","family":"Escoffery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howa","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Associate Editor, JAMA Dermatology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"doi240005r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2015.11.025","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus carriage rates and antibiotic resistance patterns in patients with acne vulgaris.","volume":"74","author":"Delost","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"doi240005r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGPO.2020.0181","article-title":"Is there an association between long-term antibiotics for acne and subsequent infection sequelae and antimicrobial resistance? 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