{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T01:02:30Z","timestamp":1792544550376,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a substantial burden. Standardized global prevalence estimates and data on associated sociodemographic and risk factors are lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the global prevalence of HS and study differences in prevalence by age, sex, geographical location, body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), smoking status, gross domestic product (GDP), and Human Development Index (HDI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources and Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included studies were conducted using the standardized Global Hidradenitis Suppurativa Atlas methodology with finalized data collection before May 19, 2023. Studies were required to use a population-based sampling method and conduct clinical confirmation of HS diagnosis following a screening questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were independently extracted from relevant studies by 2 reviewers (D.B. and C.E.M.) using a standardized form. Extracted variables included geographic location, age, sex, BMI (median and BMI &amp;amp;gt;30), smoking status, HS prevalence estimates (with 95% CIs), GDP, and HDI. A proportional meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted on the included studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome was the point prevalence of HS, confirmed by clinical examination. Secondary outcomes included differences in HS prevalence by sex, age, BMI category, smoking status, and country-level socioeconomic indicators (GDP and HDI). All outcomes were prespecified before data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sample included 22\u202f743 participants, identifying 247 patients with HS, across 25 studies in 23 countries spanning 6 continents. The median proportion of female patients with HS was 55.6%, and the median age was 34.5 years. While the prevalence estimates showed considerable inconsistency (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009&amp;amp;gt;\u200975%; \u03c4\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.747), the overall random-effects global prevalence of HS was 0.99% (95% CI, 0.67%-1.46%). Female sex was the only factor observed to be associated with the prevalence estimates (\u03b2\u2009=\u20091.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-doi250037-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this meta-analysis, an estimated global prevalence of HS between 0.67% and 1.46% surpassed previous global estimates. Substantial global variations in HS prevalence were also observed. Female sex was the only factor associated with prevalence in this sample. Future studies assessing genetic, environmental, and etiological factors are warranted to explain the heterogeneity in prevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2025.2373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T15:30:59Z","timestamp":1756308659000},"page":"1022","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prevalence of Hidradenitis Suppurativa"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Dorra","family":"Bouazzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PHOENIX Center, Department of Allergy, Dermatology and Venereology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina M.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paa G.","family":"Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Holy Family Hospital, Berekum, Ghana"},{"name":"Dermatology Unit, The Trust Hospital, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Botvid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Queen Ingrid\u2019s Health Care Center, Queen Ingrid\u2019s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lone S.","family":"Hove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Ingrid\u2019s Health Care Center, Queen Ingrid\u2019s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Errol P.","family":"Prens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands"},{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, Dessau, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section for Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Research, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor B. E.","family":"Jemec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PHOENIX Center, Department of Allergy, Dermatology and Venereology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, Dessau, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"GHiSA Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaudia","family":"Knecht-Gurwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, Dessau, Germany"},{"name":"University Centre of General Dermatology and Oncodermatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek C.","family":"Szepietowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, Dessau, Germany"},{"name":"Division of Dermatology, Venereology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Dermato-Venereology, 4th Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehiaghe L.","family":"Anaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"Chehad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Constantine, University of Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samira","family":"Zobiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mustapha University Hospital Center, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina","family":"Serradj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Oran, University of Oran 1, Oran, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed S. I.","family":"Bhuiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Towhida","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metador Diagnostic and Wellness Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Guillem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, Dessau, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Clinique du Val d\u2019Ouest, Lyon, France"},{"name":"R\u00e9so Verneuil, Paris, France"},{"name":"Groupe de Recherche en Proctologie de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Nationale Fran\u00e7aise de Coloproctologie, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad M.","family":"Parvizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Saki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erkan","family":"Alpsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caner","family":"Vardar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Kanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos J.","family":"Giamarellos-Bourboulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Frew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Translational Cutaneous Medicine, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Science, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waleed H. 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