{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T22:21:06Z","timestamp":1791584466893,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Dermatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Biologic agents are commonly used with conventional immunosuppressants for treatment of immune-mediated dermatologic diseases, raising concerns about tuberculosis (TB) risk, particularly in high-burden geographic regions. Previous studies have shown inconsistent results across biologic classes, with most focusing on active TB and limited data on latent TB infection (LTBI) conversion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the incidence of active TB and LTBI conversion in dermatologic patients receiving systemic therapy and to explore differences by biologic class and regional TB burden.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n PubMed\/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to October 1, 2025. Controlled vocabulary and free-text terms were used for dermatologic diseases, systemic therapies, and tuberculosis-related outcomes. Clinical trial registries and reference lists were also screened.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Selection<\/jats:title>\n Randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies reporting active TB or LTBI conversion in dermatologic patients receiving systemic therapy were included. Two reviewers independently screened records and performed full-text assessment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment (Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool) were conducted independently by 2 reviewers following PRISMA guidelines. Single-arm incidence rates were pooled using random-effects models with logit transformation. Prespecified subgroup analyses were conducted by biologic class and regional TB burden.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Primary outcomes were incidence of LTBI conversion (among patients with negative baseline results of tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay) and active TB during follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Of 4726 records identified, 31 studies comprising a total of 15\u202f005 patients met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. The pooled incidence of LTBI conversion was 4.3%, highest with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, followed by interleukin (IL)-17 and ustekinumab (IL-12\/23 p40 inhibitor). The overall incidence of active TB was 1.0% and it was more frequent in high-burden regions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this systematic review and meta-analysis, TB-related risk varied by biologic mechanism and epidemiologic context. Risk assessment and monitoring should integrate dermatologic treatment class and regional TB burden to guide clinical decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2026.2365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:00:28Z","timestamp":1784127628000},"page":"894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tuberculosis-Related Outcomes in Dermatologic Patients Receiving Systemic Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Kaixuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyi","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union 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