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Accordingly, these trends have spurred considerable interest in characterizing factors that play a role in alleged medical negligence, along with outcomes and awards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a focused examination of malpractice litigation regarding laser procedures in the head and neck and to determine the reasons for initiating litigation as well as outcomes and awards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis of the WestlawNext legal database, encompassing publicly available federal and state court records, to identify malpractice cases involving laser procedures in the head and neck.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outcomes, awards, defendant specialty, and other allegations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most cases (28 [82%]) included in this analysis involved female plaintiffs. Of 34 cases, 19 (56%) were resolved with a defendant verdict. The median indemnity was $150\u2009000, and dermatologists, otolaryngologists, and plastic surgeons were the most commonly named defendants. The most common procedures were performed for age-related changes, acne scarring, hair removal, and vascular lesions, although there were also several rhinologic and airway cases. Of all cases, 25 (74%) involved cutaneous procedures, and common allegations noted included permanent injury (24 cases [71%]), disfigurement\/scarring (23 [68%]), inadequate informed consent (17 [50%]), unnecessary\/inappropriate procedure (15 [44%]), and burns (11 [32%]). Noncutaneous procedures had higher trending median payments ($600\u2009000 vs $103\u2009000), although this comparison did not reach statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.09).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Procedures using lasers represent a potential target for malpractice litigation should an adverse event occur. Although cutaneous\/cosmetic procedures were noted among cases included in this analysis, as well as other head and neck interventions, otolaryngologists were more likely to be named as defendants in the latter category. Although cases had modest indemnities compared with prior analyses, the potential for significant amounts was present. Inclusion into the informed consent process of specific factors detailed in this analysis may potentially decrease liability. In addition, physicians and patients should undergo comprehensive discussion regarding expectations as well as contingencies should adverse events occur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/archfaci.jamanetwork.com\/public\/instructionsForAuthors.aspx#SecLevelofEvidence\">4<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2014.21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,17]],"date-time":"2014-04-17T23:43:00Z","timestamp":1397778180000},"page":"277-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Lasers and Losers in the Eyes of the Law"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Peter F.","family":"Svider","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Carron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan"},{"name":"Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, John D. 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