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Secondary outcomes included the amount of medical, nonmedical, and total debt among individuals with nonzero debt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi220051-9\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study population included 2\u202f854\u202f481 adults (38.4% male, 43.3% female, 12.9% unknown sex, and 5.4% missing sex), 61.4% with no chronic conditions, 17.7% with 1 chronic condition, 14.8% with 2 to 3 chronic conditions, 5.4% with 4 to 6 chronic conditions, and 0.7% with 7 to 13 chronic conditions. Among the cohort, 9.6% had medical debt in collections, 8.3% had nonmedical debt in collections, 16.3% had delinquent debt, 19.3% had a low credit score, and 0.6% had recent bankruptcy. Among individuals with 0 vs 7 to 13 chronic conditions, the predicted probabilities of having any medical debt in collections (7.6% vs 32%), any nonmedical debt in collections (7.2% vs 24%), any delinquent debt (14% vs 43%), a low credit score (17% vs 47%) or recent bankruptcy (0.4% vs 1.7%) were all considerably higher for individuals with more chronic conditions and increased with each added chronic condition. Among individuals with medical debt in collections, the estimated amount increased with the number of chronic conditions ($784 for individuals with 0 conditions vs $1252 for individuals with 7-13 conditions) (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001). In secondary analyses, results showed significant variation in the likelihood and amount of medical debt in collections across specific chronic conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi220051-10\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional study of commercially insured adults linked to patient credit report outcomes shows an association between increasing burden of chronic disease and adverse financial outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.3687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T15:36:36Z","timestamp":1661182596000},"page":"1044","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Association of Chronic Disease With Patient Financial Outcomes Among Commercially Insured Adults"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Nora V.","family":"Becker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle H.","family":"Moniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin F.","family":"Carlton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Susan B. 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