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To date, no randomized clinical trial data conclusively confirm that interventions of any kind can prevent dementia. Nevertheless, addressing risk factors may have other health benefits and should be considered. Alzheimer disease can be treated with cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine, and antiamyloid immunomodulators, with the last modestly slowing cognitive and functional decline in people with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer disease. Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine may benefit persons with other types of dementia, including dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson disease dementia, vascular dementia, and dementia due to traumatic brain injury. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia are best treated with nonpharmacologic management, including identifying and mitigating the underlying causes and individually tailored behavioral approaches. Psychotropic medications have minimal evidence of efficacy for treating these symptoms and are associated with increased mortality and clinically meaningful risks of falls and cognitive decline. Several emerging prevention and treatment strategies hold promise to improve dementia care in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-irv230006-3\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although current prevention and treatment approaches to dementia have been less than optimally successful, substantial investments in dementia research will undoubtedly provide new answers to reducing the burden of dementia worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.8522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T16:01:03Z","timestamp":1709568063000},"page":"563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":209,"title":["Dementia Prevention and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"David B.","family":"Reuben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multicampus Program in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los 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