{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T14:22:17Z","timestamp":1781187737332,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-irv250001-1\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately 1.5 million adults in the US use supplemental oxygen annually in the outpatient setting. However, many do not receive delivery systems that adequately meet their needs, and few receive education about devices or how to maintain independence. This Review summarizes guidelines and evidence on outpatient supplemental oxygen across several cardiopulmonary conditions, highlights evidence gaps where benefits are unclear, and discusses outcomes that inform a person-centered framework for supplemental oxygen therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-irv250001-2\"><jats:title>Observations<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most studies of supplemental oxygen have been conducted in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with limited high-quality data in other cardiopulmonary conditions. Data strongly support supplemental oxygen therapy in people with severe resting desaturation (oxygen saturation [SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>] of 88% or less), with demonstrated improvement in mortality. Whether supplemental oxygen improves symptoms or function in patients with isolated severe exertional desaturation remains inconclusive, prompting an individualized approach and exertional oxygen testing if a patient is mobile and reporting exertional symptoms. Apart from cor pulmonale, evidence does not support supplemental oxygen therapy in patients with moderate resting or exertional desaturation (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of 89% to 93%). Supplemental oxygen\u2019s broad impact on patient-centered outcomes; the supplemental oxygen landscape of devices, testing, prescription, and delivery; and how to weigh the potential harms vs benefits with patients are summarized. These data inform a person-centered supplemental oxygen framework to help patients minimize loss of independence and improve quality of life across the following domains: (1) health care values and preferences; (2) functional status, mobility, and frailty; (3) cognition and supplemental oxygen education; (4) physical symptoms; (5) psychological and social impact; and (6) caregiver support. Guidance on deimplementation and future directions are also summarized.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-irv250001-3\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supplemental oxygen therapy should follow a person-centered approach that empowers patients and caregivers; helps patients improve independence and quality of life by optimizing function, mobility, and social well-being; weighs benefits and burdens; and engages in shared decision-making when the evidence is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T18:21:07Z","timestamp":1744050067000},"page":"720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Person-Centered Approach to Supplemental Oxygen Therapy in the Outpatient Setting"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Angela O.","family":"Suen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan S.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary R.","family":"Kitlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Running On Air, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Branson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma and Critical Care, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand S.","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham"},{"name":"Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham"},{"name":"School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham"},{"name":"Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200507-1161WS","article-title":"Long-term oxygen treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recommendations for future research: an NHLBI workshop report.","volume":"174","author":"Croxton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120684","article-title":"Oxygen therapy use in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"10","author":"Nishi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202304-288OC","article-title":"National prevalence of social isolation and loneliness in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"20","author":"Suen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202001-035SD","article-title":"The Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry. rationale, design, and methods.","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201703-209OC","article-title":"Patient perceptions of the adequacy of supplemental oxygen therapy. results of the American Thoracic Society Nursing Assembly Oxygen Working Group Survey.","volume":"15","author":"Jacobs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2018.12.006","article-title":"Equipment, access and worry about running short of oxygen: key concerns in the ATS patient supplemental oxygen survey.","volume":"48","author":"Lindell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"7","key":"irv250001r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1106","article-title":"An evaluation of short-term oxygen therapy: the prescription of oxygen to patients with chronic lung disease hypoxic at discharge from hospital.","volume":"95","author":"Eaton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"irv250001r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e121","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202009-3608ST","article-title":"Home oxygen therapy for adults with chronic lung disease. an official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.","volume":"202","author":"Jacobs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"irv250001r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i1","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-206865","article-title":"British Thoracic Society guidelines for home oxygen use in adults.","volume":"70","author":"Hardinge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"9","key":"irv250001r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14793","article-title":"Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand clinical practice guideline on adult home oxygen therapy.","volume":"29","author":"McDonald","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(23)00461-7","article-title":"GOLD COPD report: 2024 update.","volume":"12","author":"Venkatesan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"irv250001r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e895","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001063","article-title":"2022 AHA\/ACC\/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.","volume":"145","author":"Heidenreich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"38","key":"irv250001r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac237","article-title":"2022 ESC\/ERS guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension.","volume":"43","author":"Humbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-3-391","article-title":"Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: a clinical trial.","volume":"93","author":"Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group","year":"1980","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"8222","key":"irv250001r15","first-page":"681","article-title":"Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema. report of the Medical Research Council Working Party.","volume":"1","author":"Stuart-Harris","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"irv250001r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2021.106393","article-title":"Predicting long-term mortality with two different criteria of exercise-induced desaturation in COPD.","volume":"182","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"irv250001r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2011.02.015","article-title":"Clinical and radiographic correlates of hypoxemia and oxygen therapy in the COPDGene study.","volume":"105","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"irv250001r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S295381","article-title":"Burden and characteristics of severe chronic hypoxemia in a real-world cohort of subjects with COPD.","volume":"16","author":"Zysman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2402638","article-title":"Long-term oxygen therapy for 24 or 15 hours per day in severe hypoxemia.","volume":"391","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2003.10.008","article-title":"Long-term oxygen therapy improves health-related quality of life.","volume":"98","author":"Eaton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005372.pub2","article-title":"Oxygen therapy during exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","author":"Nonoyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.132522","article-title":"A randomised trial of domiciliary, ambulatory oxygen in patients with COPD and dyspnoea but without resting hypoxaemia.","volume":"66","author":"Moore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006429.pub3","article-title":"Oxygen for breathlessness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who do not qualify for home oxygen therapy.","author":"Ekstr\u00f6m","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"17","key":"irv250001r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1604344","article-title":"A randomized trial of long-term oxygen for COPD with moderate desaturation.","volume":"375","author":"Albert","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00179-5","article-title":"Home oxygen for moderate hypoxaemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"10","author":"Lacasse","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2013219","article-title":"Randomized trial of nocturnal oxygen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"383","author":"Lacasse","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.06.030","article-title":"Dyspnoea at 6-min walk test in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: comparison with COPD.","volume":"101","author":"Nishiyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"irv250001r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2021.106659","article-title":"Hypoxemia severity and survival in ILD and COPD on long-term oxygen therapy\u2014the population-based DISCOVERY study.","volume":"189","author":"Palm","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01563-2020","article-title":"Moderate resting hypoxaemia in fibrotic interstitial lung disease.","volume":"57","author":"Khor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"7","key":"irv250001r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003884.pub4","article-title":"Oxygen therapy for cystic fibrosis.","volume":"2013","author":"Elphick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-933LE","article-title":"Caution against extrapolating results from the trial of long-term oxygen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"14","author":"Swigris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202304-391CME","article-title":"Supplemental oxygen therapy in interstitial lung disease: a narrative review.","volume":"20","author":"Clark","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13226","article-title":"Exertional hypoxemia is more severe in fibrotic interstitial lung disease than in COPD.","volume":"23","author":"Du Plessis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"169","key":"irv250001r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0066-2023","article-title":"Barriers to and facilitators of the use of oxygen therapy in people living with an interstitial lung disease: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.","volume":"32","author":"Tikellis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04613-2020","article-title":"Perspectives on palliative oxygen for breathlessness: systematic review and meta-synthesis.","volume":"58","author":"Kochovska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05916","article-title":"Perspectives from COPD subjects on portable long-term oxygen therapy devices.","volume":"63","author":"AlMutairi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216318805621","article-title":"Stigma and the in(visible) perspectives and expectations of home oxygen therapy among people with chronic breathlessness syndrome: a qualitative study.","volume":"33","author":"Breaden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-01891-6","article-title":"Experiences in elderly people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in relation to the use of long-term home oxygen therapy: a qualitative study about feelings attributed to therapy.","volume":"22","author":"Bueno","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2016.06.007","article-title":"Caregivers\u2019 perspectives on the use of long-term oxygen therapy for the treatment of refractory breathlessness: a qualitative study.","volume":"53","author":"Collier","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-11-124","article-title":"\u2018It is not going to change his life but it has picked him up\u2019: a qualitative study of perspectives on long term oxygen therapy for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"11","author":"Goldbart","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.10.037","article-title":"Addressing advance care planning in patients with COPD.","volume":"161","author":"Rose","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"irv250001r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.10.032","article-title":"The role of palliative care in COPD.","volume":"161","author":"Iyer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.11.044","article-title":"Short-term effects of supplemental oxygen on 6-min walk test outcomes in patients with COPD: a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, crossover trial.","volume":"151","author":"Jarosch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.06206","article-title":"Impact of home oxygen therapy on the level of physical activities in daily life in subjects with COPD.","volume":"64","author":"Cani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.002762019","article-title":"Effect of domiciliary oxygen therapy on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with pulmonary arterial or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"54","author":"Ulrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13829","article-title":"Supplemental oxygen improves exercise capacity in IPF patients with exertional desaturation.","volume":"25","author":"Arizono","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"irv250001r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.01.008","article-title":"Frailty and geriatric conditions in older patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","volume":"148","author":"Sheth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"irv250001r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S88326","article-title":"Assessment of cognitive impairment in long-term oxygen therapy-dependent COPD patients.","volume":"10","author":"Karamanli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"irv250001r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S10684","article-title":"COPD and cognitive impairment: the role of hypoxemia and oxygen therapy.","volume":"5","author":"Thakur","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s40248-015-0013-4","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with or without long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT).","volume":"10","author":"Dal Negro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Multidiscip Respir Med"},{"key":"irv250001r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2017.06.006","article-title":"The impact of cognitive impairment on self-management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.","volume":"129","author":"Baird","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"irv250001r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10708","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191710708","article-title":"Cognitive function and the ability to operate long-term oxygen therapy equipment: an exploratory study.","volume":"19","author":"Annaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"irv250001r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30289-3","article-title":"Effect of ambulatory oxygen on quality of life for patients with fibrotic lung disease (AmbOx): a prospective, open-label, mixed-method, crossover randomised controlled trial.","volume":"6","author":"Visca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"75","key":"irv250001r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19750","article-title":"Does home oxygen therapy (HOT) in addition to standard care reduce disease severity and improve symptoms in people with chronic heart failure? a randomised trial of home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic heart failure.","volume":"19","author":"Clark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Technol Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-019-09814-0","article-title":"Oxygen use in chronic heart failure to relieve breathlessness: a systematic review.","volume":"25","author":"Asano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"irv250001r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2017.07.001","article-title":"Looking ahead and behind at supplemental oxygen: a qualitative study of patients with pulmonary fibrosis.","volume":"46","author":"Graney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163221074539","article-title":"Existential suffering in the day to day lives of those living with palliative care needs arising from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic integrative literature review.","volume":"36","author":"Bolton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-017-0710-0","article-title":"Informal caregivers experience of supplemental oxygen in pulmonary fibrosis.","volume":"15","author":"Graney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-023-02795-9","article-title":"Variation in information needs of patients with interstitial lung disease and their family caregivers according to long-term oxygen therapy: a descriptive study.","volume":"23","author":"Sato","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909117701895","article-title":"\u201cIt has changed my life\u201d: an exploration of caregiver experiences in serious illness.","volume":"35","author":"Anderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Hosp Palliat Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2018.0010","article-title":"Family caregivers\u2019 heavy and overloaded burden in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"21","author":"Strang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"irv250001r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000238.pub2","article-title":"Ambulatory oxygen for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who are not hypoxaemic at rest.","volume":"2014","author":"Ameer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201809-627WS","article-title":"Optimizing home oxygen therapy. an official American Thoracic Society Workshop report.","volume":"15","author":"Jacobs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test.","volume":"166","author":"ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.12.024","article-title":"Burn injury associated with home oxygen use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"90","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"9","key":"irv250001r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202005-487OC","article-title":"Burden and unmet needs with portable oxygen in patients on long-term oxygen therapy.","volume":"18","author":"Dakkak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.10495","article-title":"Evaluation of over-the-counter portable oxygen concentrators utilizing a metabolic simulator.","volume":"68","author":"Casaburi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202202-0238LE","article-title":"Long-term trends in home respiratory medical equipment among U.S. Medicare patients, 2013-2019.","volume":"206","author":"Duan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"716","key":"irv250001r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp22X718769","article-title":"Pulse oximetry in primary care: factors affecting accuracy and interpretation.","volume":"72","author":"Silverston","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00272","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00272-2021","article-title":"Oximetry neither to prescribe long-term oxygen therapy nor to screen for severe hypoxaemia.","volume":"7","author":"Lacasse","year":"2021","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202209-837OC","article-title":"Accuracy of pulse oximetry for long-term oxygen therapy assessment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"20","author":"Garnet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.19158","article-title":"Identifying priority challenges of older adults with COPD: a multiphase intervention refinement study.","volume":"72","author":"Iyer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"irv250001r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14979","article-title":"The Geriatrics 5M\u2019s: a new way of communicating what we do.","volume":"65","author":"Tinetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.1.75","article-title":"Evidence on the Chronic Care Model in the new millennium.","volume":"28","author":"Coleman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0123012","article-title":"The impact of the carer support needs assessment tool (CSNAT) in community palliative care using a stepped wedge cluster trial.","volume":"10","author":"Aoun","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.44030","article-title":"Accuracy of expected symptoms and subsequent quality of life measures among adults with COPD.","volume":"6","author":"Hart","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"irv250001r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d142","article-title":"Living and dying with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: multi-perspective longitudinal qualitative study.","author":"Pinnock","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"irv250001r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-934OC","article-title":"Oxygen therapy for interstitial lung disease. a mismatch between patient expectations and experiences.","volume":"14","author":"Khor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"11","key":"irv250001r79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(23)00261-8","article-title":"COPD and multimorbidity: recognising and addressing a syndemic occurrence.","volume":"11","author":"Fabbri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-023-02454-z","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical impact of frailty in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"irv250001r81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.814606","article-title":"Beyond the lung: geriatric conditions afflict community-dwelling older adults with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","volume":"9","author":"Witt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.07829","article-title":"Subject preferences and psychological implications of portable oxygen concentrator versus compressed oxygen cylinder in chronic lung disease.","volume":"66","author":"Moretta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1080\/15412555.2018.1469608","article-title":"Physical inactivity, functional status and exercise capacity in COPD patients receiving home-based oxygen therapy.","volume":"15","author":"Mazzarin","year":"2018","journal-title":"COPD"},{"issue":"6","key":"irv250001r84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.11541","article-title":"Review of the evidence for pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD: clinical benefits and cost-effectiveness.","volume":"69","author":"Lamberton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2108","article-title":"Effects of a walking aid in COPD patients receiving oxygen therapy.","volume":"131","author":"Crisafulli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17383","article-title":"CAPABLE program improves disability in multiple randomized trials.","volume":"69","author":"Szanton","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16808","article-title":"Disability prevention program improves life-space and falls efficacy: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"69","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"irv250001r88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2017-000223","article-title":"British Thoracic Society quality standards for home oxygen use in adults.","volume":"4","author":"Suntharalingam","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Respir Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202004-364OC","article-title":"Reassessment of home oxygen prescription after hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. a potential target for deimplementation.","volume":"18","author":"Spece","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"irv250001r90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e528","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00496-0","article-title":"Reducing global inequities in medical oxygen access: the Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security.","volume":"13","author":"Graham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"irv250001r91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-0361.2010.00275.x","article-title":"Geographic differences in use of home oxygen for obstructive lung disease: a national Medicare study.","volume":"26","author":"Chan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rural Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.5738","article-title":"Supplemental oxygen use, outcomes, and spending in patients with COPD in the Medicare Competitive Bidding Program.","volume":"184","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201810-1909PP","article-title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in America\u2019s Black population.","volume":"200","author":"Ejike","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"irv250001r95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202109-2065OC","article-title":"Neighborhood-level disadvantage impacts on patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease.","volume":"205","author":"Goobie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"irv250001r96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202203-270CME","article-title":"Racial disparity in oxygen saturation measurements by pulse oximetry: evidence and implications.","volume":"19","author":"Jamali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"irv250001r93"}],"container-title":["JAMA Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/articlepdf\/2832099\/jamainternal_suen_2025_rv_250001_1748025356.36067.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T15:01:35Z","timestamp":1748876495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2832099"}},"subtitle":["A Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.0279","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6106"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6106","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]}}}