{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T20:00:58Z","timestamp":1793736058038,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-4\">\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Since 2020, COVID-19 has dramatically impacted the US population and health care system. Reporting requirements, circulating variants, testing practices, and population immunity from vaccination and previous infections evolved as the COVID-19 pandemic progressed. Evidence-based public health policy and resource allocation decisions require current estimates of disease burden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-5\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the age group-specific burden of COVID-19\u2013associated illnesses, outpatient visits, hospitalizations, and deaths in the US from October 2022 to September 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-6\">\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, hierarchical Bayesian modeling, adjusting for underdetection of SARS-CoV-2 due to testing practices and test sensitivity, was applied to hospitalization data from the population-based COVID-19 Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) database, which includes 89 counties and jurisdictional equivalents in 12 states covering approximately 10% of the US population. Data from 94\u202f363 participants from October 2022 to September 2023 (surveillance period, 2022-2023) and from 72\u202f176 participants from October 2023 to September 2024 (surveillance period, 2023-2024) were included, and probabilistic mathematical multiplier models estimated counts of deaths, outpatient visits, and symptomatic illnesses incorporating literature and study-based multipliers. Data were modeled from April 2024 to September 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-7\">\n                    <jats:title>Exposures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID-NET patients with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19\u2013associated hospitalization, defined as a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result within 14 days before or during hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-8\">\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Estimated national counts with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) of outpatient visits, illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths by age group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-9\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2022-2023, there were an estimated 43.6 million (95% UI, 25.3-64.0 million) COVID-19\u2013associated illnesses, 10.0 million (95% UI, 7.0-13.1 million) outpatient visits, 1.1 million (95% UI, 0.9-1.4 million) hospitalizations, and 101\u202f300 (95% UI, 73\u202f600-132\u202f500) deaths. In 2023-2024, there were an estimated 33.0 million (95% UI, 20.2-49.0 million) COVID-19\u2013associated illnesses, 7.7 million (95% UI, 5.5-9.9 million) outpatient visits, 879\u202f100 (95% UI, 738\u202f600-1\u202f039\u202f000) hospitalizations, and 100\u202f800 (95% UI, 64\u202f000-140\u202f400) deaths. In 2023-2024, people 65 years and older comprised 17.7% of the total US population but accounted for 47.9% (95% UI, 27.1-66.9) of COVID-19\u2013associated illnesses, 64.3% (95% UI, 53.1-73.4) of outpatient visits, 67.6% (95% UI, 65.9-69.2) of hospitalizations, and 81.2% (95% UI, 70.2-90.6) of deaths.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"ab-ioi250087-10\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, despite declining from the first to the second surveillance period, the COVID-19 burden continued to have a large impact in the US, particularly among adults 65 years and older, underscoring the ongoing importance of prevention measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.7179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T16:00:38Z","timestamp":1767628838000},"page":"321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Estimated Burden of COVID-19 Illnesses, Medical Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths in the US From October 2022 to September 2024"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Emilia H. A.","family":"Koumans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diba","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imelda","family":"Trejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronavirus and Other Respiratory Viruses Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronavirus 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