{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:22:46Z","timestamp":1791901366610,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high incidence of fall and fracture in a subset of patients treated with androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs) has been reported, although the relative risk (RR) of fall and fracture for patients who receive ARI treatment is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate whether treatment with ARIs is associated with an elevated relative risk for fall and fracture in patients with prostate cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-6\"><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cochrane, Scopus, and MedlinePlus databases were searched from inception through August 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-7\"><jats:title>Study Selection<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomized clinical trials comparing patients with prostate cancer treated with any ARI or placebo were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-8\"><jats:title>Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two independent reviewers used a standardized data extraction and quality assessment form. A mixed effects model was used to estimate the effects of ARI on relative risk, with included studies treated as random effects and study groups treated as fixed effects in the pooled analysis. Sample size for each study was used to weight the mixed model. Statistical analysis was performed from August to October 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-9\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary outcome was RR of fall and fractures for patients receiving ARI treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-10\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven studies met this study\u2019s inclusion criteria. The total population was 11\u202f382 men (median [range] age: 72 [43-97] years), with 6536 in the ARI group and 4846 in the control group. Participants in the ARI group could have received enzalutamide, apalutamide, or darolutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy or other enzalutamide combinations; patients in the control group could have received placebo, bicalutamide, or abiraterone. The reported incidence of fall was 525 falls (8%) in the ARI group and 221 falls (5%) in the control group. The incidence of fracture was 242 fractures (4%) in the ARI group and 107 fractures (2%) in the control group. Use of an ARI was associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures: all-grade falls (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.42-2.24; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001); grade 3 or greater fall (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.27-2.08; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001); all-grade fracture (RR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.35-1.89; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;amp;lt;\u2009.001), and likely grade 3 or greater fracture (RR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.12-2.63; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi200843-11\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of ARI was associated with an increase in falls and fractures in patients with prostate cancer as assessed by a retrospective systematic review and meta-analysis. Further studies are warranted to identify and understand potential mechanisms and develop strategies to decrease falls and fractures associated with ARI use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.25826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T16:00:25Z","timestamp":1605628825000},"page":"e2025826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Evaluation of Fall and Fracture Risk Among Men With Prostate Cancer Treated With Androgen Receptor Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Zin W.","family":"Myint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington"},{"name":"Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry D.","family":"Momo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Markey Cancer Center, University of 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