{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T20:24:18Z","timestamp":1773260658715,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.27092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T19:16:16Z","timestamp":1607022976000},"page":"e2027092","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effect of Pharmacogenetic Testing for Statin Myopathy Risk vs Usual Care on Blood Cholesterol"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Jason L.","family":"Vassy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Ariadne Labs, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Michael","family":"Gaziano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Ariadne Labs, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan E.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Advani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sojeong","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony K.","family":"Hage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo-Ji","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nilla","family":"Majahalme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"MacMullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Zimolzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"},{"name":"Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Brunette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2013.229","article-title":"Clinically actionable genotypes among 10,000 patients with preemptive pharmacogenomic testing.","volume":"95","author":"Van Driest","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi200872r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.5345","article-title":"Projected prevalence of actionable pharmacogenetic variants and level A drugs prescribed among US Veterans Health Administration pharmacy users.","volume":"2","author":"Chanfreau-Coffinier","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10197","key":"zoi200872r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31276-0","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics.","volume":"394","author":"Roden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi200872r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0801936","article-title":"SLCO1B1 variants and statin-induced myopathy: a genomewide study.","volume":"359","author":"Link","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.026","article-title":"Genetic involvement in statins induced myopathy: preliminary data from an observational case-control study.","volume":"211","author":"Puccetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.255","article-title":"Common nonsynonymous substitutions in SLCO1B1 predispose to statin intolerance in routinely treated individuals with type 2 diabetes: a Go-DARTS study.","volume":"89","author":"Donnelly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000018","article-title":"The SLCO1B1 c.521T&gt;C polymorphism is associated with dose decrease or switching during statin therapy in the Rotterdam Study.","volume":"24","author":"de Keyser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2014.125","article-title":"The clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline for SLCO1B1 and simvastatin-induced myopathy: 2014 update.","volume":"96","author":"Ramsey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2019.106.issue-2","article-title":"Impact of SLCO1B1 pharmacogenetic testing on patient and healthcare outcomes: a systematic review.","volume":"106","author":"Vassy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi200872r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.010241","article-title":"Association of primary care providers\u2019 beliefs of statins for primary prevention and statin prescription.","volume":"8","author":"Clough","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2019.04.017","article-title":"Adherence to blood cholesterol treatment guidelines among physicians managing patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.","volume":"124","author":"Ramsaran","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"zoi200872r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S245365","article-title":"Reasons for nonadherence to statins: a systematic review of reviews.","volume":"14","author":"Ingersgaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"zoi200872r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2018.10.010","article-title":"The Integrating Pharmacogenetics in Clinical Care (I-PICC) Study: protocol for a point-of-care randomized controlled trial of statin pharmacogenetics in primary care.","volume":"75","author":"Vassy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.v13.2","article-title":"Pragmatic trials in genomic medicine: the Integrating Pharmacogenetics in Clinical Care (I-PICC) study.","volume":"13","author":"Brunette","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"25","key":"zoi200872r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a","article-title":"2013 ACC\/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.","volume":"129","author":"Stone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2016.87","article-title":"Standardizing terms for clinical pharmacogenetic test results: consensus terms from the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC).","volume":"19","author":"Caudle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/NAQ.0000000000000118","article-title":"The Veterans Affairs\u2019s Corporate Data Warehouse: uses and implications for nursing research and practice.","volume":"39","author":"Price","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurs Adm Q"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00268-5","article-title":"The assessment of refill compliance using pharmacy records: methods, validity, and applications.","volume":"50","author":"Steiner","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/08870449908407311","article-title":"The beliefs about medicines questionnaire: the development and evaluation of a new method for assessing the cognitive representation of medication.","volume":"14","author":"Horne","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248","article-title":"Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes.","volume":"42","author":"Zeger","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"9493","key":"zoi200872r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67394-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins.","volume":"366","author":"Baigent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"zoi200872r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124835","article-title":"Preemptive clinical pharmacogenetics implementation: current programs in five US medical centers.","volume":"55","author":"Dunnenberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200872r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-017-0480-y","article-title":"Integrating clinical decision support systems for pharmacogenomic testing into clinical routine: a scoping review of designs of user-system interactions in recent system development.","volume":"17","author":"Hinderer","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi200872r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.630","article-title":"The Pharmacogenomics Research Network Translational Pharmacogenetics Program: outcomes and metrics of pharmacogenetic implementations across diverse healthcare systems.","volume":"102","author":"Luzum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2014.137","article-title":"Design and anticipated outcomes of the eMERGE-PGx project: a multicenter pilot for preemptive pharmacogenomics in electronic health record systems.","volume":"96","author":"Rasmussen-Torvik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi200872r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.2017.10.issue-3","article-title":"The IGNITE Pharmacogenetics Working Group: an opportunity for building evidence with pharmacogenetic implementation in a real-world setting.","volume":"10","author":"Cavallari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi200872r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.v101.3","article-title":"Implementing pharmacogenomics in Europe: design and implementation strategy of the Ubiquitous Pharmacogenomics Consortium.","volume":"101","author":"van der Wouden","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.2018.11.issue-2","article-title":"Clinical implementation of pharmacogenetic testing in a hospital of the Spanish national health system: strategy and experience over 3 years.","volume":"11","author":"Borobia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi200872r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2019-0043","article-title":"Implementation of wide-scale pharmacogenetic testing in primary care.","volume":"20","author":"Natasha Petry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200215666140130124910","article-title":"Incorporation of pharmacogenomics into routine clinical practice: the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline development process.","volume":"15","author":"Caudle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi200872r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.v103.5","article-title":"Pharmacogenetic information in clinical guidelines: the European perspective.","volume":"103","author":"Swen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2014.121","article-title":"Phenotype standardization for statin-induced myotoxicity.","volume":"96","author":"Alfirevic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"22","key":"zoi200872r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.08.039","article-title":"Primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality and events with statin treatments: a network meta-analysis involving more than 65,000 patients.","volume":"52","author":"Mills","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi200872r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.12.011","article-title":"Medication nonadherence is associated with a broad range of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease.","volume":"155","author":"Ho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200872r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.2.177","article-title":"Relationship between adherence to evidence-based pharmacotherapy and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction.","volume":"297","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi200872r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGEN.118.002228","article-title":"Effects of delivering SLCO1B1 pharmacogenetic information in randomized trial and observational settings.","volume":"11","author":"Peyser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Genom Precis Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi200872r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510059","article-title":"Pragmatic trials.","volume":"375","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"zoi200872r4","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. The FDA warns against the use of many genetic tests with unapproved claims to predict patient response to specific medications: FDA safety communication. Published October 31, 2018. Updated April 4, 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/safety-communications\/fda-warns-against-use-many-genetic-tests-unapproved-claims-predict-patient-response-specific"},{"key":"zoi200872r5","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Warning letter: Inova Genomics Laboratory (MARCS-CMS 577422). Updated April 4, 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/inspections-compliance-enforcement-and-criminal-investigations\/warning-letters\/inova-genomics-laboratory-577422-04042019"},{"key":"zoi200872r6","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2013: with special feature on prescription drugs. Published 2014. Accessed September 29, 2020. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/hus\/hus13.pdf"},{"key":"zoi200872r22","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare 2019 part C and D star ratings technical notes. Published 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/Medicare\/Prescription-Drug-Coverage\/PrescriptionDrugCovGenIn\/Downloads\/2019-Part-C-and-D-Medicare-Star-Ratings-Data-v04-12-2019.zip"},{"key":"zoi200872r34","unstructured":"Office of Public and Intergovernmental Affairs, Department of Veterans Affairs. Precision health initiative brings genetic testing to Veterans. Published 2019. Updated March 12, 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.va.gov\/opa\/pressrel\/pressrelease.cfm?id=5216"},{"key":"zoi200872r37","unstructured":"American Clinical Laboratory Association. Re: FDA actions on pharmacogenetic testing. Published September 18, 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.acla.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/ACLA-Letter-to-FDA-re_-PGx-Test-Policy-Sept-18-2019.pdf"},{"key":"zoi200872r38","unstructured":"Association for Molecular Pathology. AMP recommends clinical pharmacogenomic testing best practices to preserve broad access and improve patient care. Published September 4, 2019. Accessed September 29, 2020. https:\/\/www.amp.org\/AMP\/assets\/File\/pressreleases\/2019\/AMPPGxStatement_090319.pdf?pass=68"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2773490\/vassy_2020_oi_200872_1605890612.2217.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T19:17:05Z","timestamp":1607023025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2773490"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.27092","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]]}}}