{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:37:28Z","timestamp":1792636648848,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.31640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T16:30:40Z","timestamp":1609259440000},"page":"e2031640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":697,"title":["Patient Characteristics Associated With Telemedicine Access for Primary and Specialty Ambulatory Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Eberly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Kallan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard M.","family":"Julien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norrisa","family":"Haynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameed Ahmed M.","family":"Khatana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwin S.","family":"Nathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Snider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neel P.","family":"Chokshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Center for Digital Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nwamaka D.","family":"Eneanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel U.","family":"Takvorian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Anastos-Wallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisda","family":"Chaiyachati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marietta","family":"Ambrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupal","family":"O\u2019Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Seigerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee R.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Leri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yevginiy","family":"Gitelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Kolansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas P.","family":"Cappola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor A.","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. William","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Chief Medical Information Officer, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Elizabeth","family":"Deleener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Chief Medical Information Officer, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinath","family":"Adusumalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity and Social Justice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"},{"name":"Penn Medicine Center for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"zoi200981r6"},{"key":"zoi200981r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048185","article-title":"Telemedicine outpatient cardiovascular care during the COVID-19 pandemic: bridging or opening the digital divide?","volume":"142","author":"Eberly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi200981r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation.","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"10232","key":"zoi200981r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30893-X","article-title":"COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US.","volume":"395","author":"Dorn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"zoi200981r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6548","article-title":"COVID-19 and African Americans.","volume":"323","author":"Yancy","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi200981r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6915e3","article-title":"Hospitalization rates and characteristics of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019\u2014COVID-NET, 14 states, March 1\u201330, 2020.","volume":"69","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi200981r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.9124","article-title":"Trends in seniors\u2019 use of digital health technology in the United States, 2011-2014.","volume":"316","author":"Levine","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi200981r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2018.05117","article-title":"Who isn\u2019t using patient portals and why? evidence and implications from a national sample of US adults.","volume":"37","author":"Anthony","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi200981r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2016.0178","article-title":"Designing telemedicine systems for geriatric patients: a review of the usability studies.","volume":"23","author":"Narasimha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi200981r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2010.02959.x","article-title":"In situ monitoring of health in older adults: technologies and issues.","volume":"58","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200981r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-015-0092-0","article-title":"Determinants of low health literacy among Asian-American and Pacific Islanders in California.","volume":"2","author":"Becerra","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Racial Ethn Health Disparities"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200981r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.34.1.3","article-title":"Barriers to health care access in 13 Asian American communities.","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Health Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi200981r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2004.30143.x","article-title":"Asian Americans\u2019 reports of their health care experiences: results of a national survey.","volume":"19","author":"Ngo-Metzger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi200981r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2008.0152","article-title":"Pre-experience perceptions about telemedicine among African Americans and Latinos in South Central Los Angeles.","volume":"15","author":"George","year":"2009","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi200981r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/14512","article-title":"Back to the future: achieving health equity through health informatics and digital health.","volume":"8","author":"Brewer","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi200981r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa067","article-title":"Telehealth transformation: COVID-19 and the rise of virtual care.","volume":"27","author":"Wosik","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"zoi200981r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.171058","article-title":"Critical race theory, race equity, and public health: toward antiracism praxis.","volume":"100","author":"Ford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"zoi200981r3","author":"National Telecommunications and Information Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce"},{"key":"zoi200981r31","volume-title":"Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2003"},{"key":"zoi200981r1","unstructured":"Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020, HR 6074, 116th Cong (2020). Accessed April 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.govtrack.us\/congress\/bills\/116\/hr6074"},{"key":"zoi200981r2","unstructured":"Medicare and Medicaid Programs, Basic Health Program, and Exchanges; Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency and Delay of Certain Reporting Requirements for the Skilled Nursing Facility Quality Reporting Program, 85 FR 27550 (May 8th, 2020). Federal Register. Accessed May 25, 2020. https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2020\/05\/08\/2020-09608\/medicare-and-medicaid-programs-basic-health-program-and-exchanges-additional-policy-and-regulatory"},{"key":"zoi200981r4","unstructured":"Smith A. U.S. smartphone use in 2015. Pew Research Center. Published April 1, 2015. Accessed May 19, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewinternet.org\/2015\/04\/01\/us-smartphone-use-in-2015\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r5","unstructured":"Anderson M, Kumar M. Digital divide persists even as lower-income Americans make gains in tech adoption. Pew Research Center. Published May 7, 2019. Accessed May 20, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2019\/05\/07\/digital-divide-persists-even-as-lower-income-americans-make-gains-in-tech-adoption\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r7","unstructured":"Vogels EA, Perrin A, Rainie L, Anderson M. 53% of Americans say the internet has been essential during the COVID-19 outbreak. Pew Research Center. Published April 30, 2020. Accessed May 21, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2020\/04\/30\/53-of-americans-say-the-internet-has-been-essential-during-the-covid-19-outbreak\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r9","unstructured":"Nouri? S, Khoong? EC, Lyles? CR, Karliner L. Addressing equity in telemedicine for chronic disease management during the Covid-19 pandemic.? NEJM Catalyst: Innovations in Care Delivery. Published May 4, 2020. Accessed November 11, 2020. https:\/\/catalyst.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/CAT.20.0123"},{"key":"zoi200981r10","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey 2014-2018 5-year estimates now available. Accessed April 14, 2020. https:\/\/www2.census.gov\/programs-surveys\/acs\/summary_file\/2018\/data\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r16","unstructured":"Anderson? M, Perrin? A. Tech adoption climbs among older adults. Published May 17, 2017. Pew Research Center. Accessed May 22, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2017\/05\/17\/technology-use-among-seniors\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r20","unstructured":"Perrin A. English-speaking Asian Americans stand out for their technology use. Pew Research Center. Published February 18, 2016. Accessed May 22, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2016\/02\/18\/english-speaking-asian-americans-stand-out-for-their-technology-use\/"},{"key":"zoi200981r24","unstructured":"Tavernise S, Oppel RA Jr. Spit on, yelled at, attacked: Chinese-Americans fear for their safety. New York Times. March 23, 2020. Accessed May 24, 2020. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/03\/23\/us\/chinese-coronavirus-racist-attacks.html"},{"key":"zoi200981r25","unstructured":"Federal Communications Commission. Rural Digital Opportunity Fund; Connect America Fund, Order, 35 FCC Rcd 686 (2020) (Rural Digital Opportunity Fund Order). Released February 7, 2020. Accessed May 22, 2020. https:\/\/docs.fcc.gov\/public\/attachments\/FCC-20-5A1.pdf"},{"key":"zoi200981r26","unstructured":"US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Labor force characteristics by race and ethnicity, 2018. Published October 2019. Accessed April 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/opub\/reports\/race-and-ethnicity\/2018\/home.htm"},{"key":"zoi200981r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alon? T, Doepke? M, Olmstead-Rumsey? J, Tertilt? M. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. NBER Working Paper 26947, National Bureau of Economic Research Inc. Published April 2020. Accessed May 20, 2020. https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w26947","DOI":"10.3386\/w26947"},{"key":"zoi200981r29","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. Hispanic women, immigrants, young adults, those with less education hit hardest by COVID-19 job losses. Published June 9, 2020. Accessed November 16, 2020. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2020\/06\/09\/hispanic-women-immigrants-young-adults-those-with-less-education-hit-hardest-by-covid-19-job-losses\/"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2774488\/eberly_2020_oi_200981_1613494619.25864.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T05:20:26Z","timestamp":1613884826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2774488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.31640","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]]}}}