{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:05:19Z","timestamp":1790172319386,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.35799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T04:07:45Z","timestamp":1612238865000},"page":"e2035799","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Effectiveness of a Female Community Health Volunteer\u2013Delivered Intervention in Reducing Blood Glucose Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Bishal","family":"Gyawali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Global Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Community Health Development Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macquarie University Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie Park, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva Raj","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Neupane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Vaidya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelli","family":"Sandb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Kallestrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"zoi201073r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29088","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v8.29088","article-title":"Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 2000 to 2014.","volume":"8","author":"Gyawali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2018-000525","article-title":"Need to improve awareness and treatment compliance in high-risk patients for diabetic complications in Nepal.","volume":"6","author":"Sapkota","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"zoi201073r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31704","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v9.31704","article-title":"Challenges in diabetes mellitus type 2 management in Nepal: a literature review.","volume":"9","author":"Gyawali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glob Health Action"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi201073r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206491","article-title":"Awareness, prevalence, treatment, and control of type 2 diabetes in a semi-urban area of Nepal: findings from a cross-sectional study conducted as a part of COBIN-D trial.","volume":"13","author":"Gyawali","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi201073r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/day081","article-title":"Community-based interventions for prevention of Type 2 diabetes in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review.","volume":"34","author":"Gyawali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi201073r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180640","article-title":"Community health workers for non-communicable diseases prevention and control in developing countries: evidence and implications.","volume":"12","author":"Jeet","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi201073r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2009.08.005","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes management in nurse-led primary healthcare settings in urban and rural Cameroon.","volume":"3","author":"Kengne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi201073r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.2015.32.issue-7","article-title":"Community-based peer support significantly improves metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes in Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon.","volume":"32","author":"Assah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2567-7","article-title":"The contribution of female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to maternity care in Nepal: a qualitative study.","volume":"17","author":"Panday","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"zoi201073r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-018-2954-3","article-title":"Community-based intervention for management of diabetes in Nepal (COBIN-D trial): study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.","volume":"19","author":"Gyawali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1412-3","article-title":"Community-based intervention for blood pressure reduction in Nepal (COBIN trial): study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.","volume":"17","author":"Neupane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi201073r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134834","article-title":"The burden and determinants of non communicable diseases risk factors in Nepal: findings from a nationwide STEPS survey.","volume":"10","author":"Aryal","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5562-y","article-title":"Diabetes management training for female community health volunteers in Western Nepal: an implementation experience.","volume":"18","author":"Gyawali","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi201073r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.64.11.1040","article-title":"An epidemiological perspective of psychosocial factors in disease etiology.","volume":"64","author":"Cassel","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi201073r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.12.2836","article-title":"Blood glucose and risk of cardiovascular disease in the Asia Pacific region.","volume":"27","author":"Lawes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08498-6","article-title":"Association between fasting glucose and all-cause mortality according to sex and age: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"7","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"zoi201073r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-12-449","article-title":"The effect of community-based health management on the health of the elderly: a randomized controlled trial from China.","volume":"12","author":"Chao","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi201073r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.141","article-title":"What is an intracluster correlation coefficient? crucial concepts for primary care researchers.","volume":"2","author":"Killip","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi201073r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0327","article-title":"Impact of a community health workers-led structured program on blood glucose control among latinos with type 2 diabetes: the DIALBEST trial.","volume":"38","author":"P\u00e9rez-Escamilla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9810","key":"zoi201073r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61349-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of diabetes and hypertension management by rural primary health-care workers (Behvarz workers) in Iran: a nationally representative observational study.","volume":"379","author":"Farzadfar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.1.24","article-title":"Randomized controlled community-based nutrition and exercise intervention improves glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients in rural Costa Rica.","volume":"26","author":"Goldhaber-Fiebert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi201073r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-014-0558-1","article-title":"Community health worker interventions for Latinos with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.","volume":"14","author":"Little","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi201073r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/tbm\/iby010","article-title":"Are physical activity interventions for healthy inactive adults effective in promoting behavior change and maintenance, and which behavior change techniques are effective? a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"9","author":"Howlett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi201073r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2010.0218","article-title":"Comparison of capillary whole blood versus venous plasma glucose estimations in screening for diabetes mellitus in epidemiological studies in developing countries.","volume":"13","author":"Priya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"6973","key":"zoi201073r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6973.170","article-title":"Multiple significance tests: the Bonferroni method.","volume":"310","author":"Bland","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"zoi201073r3","volume-title":"Diabetes Atlas","author":"International Diabetes Federation","year":"2019","edition":"9th ed"},{"key":"zoi201073r5","volume-title":"Noncommunicable Diseases Risk Factors: STEPS Survey Nepal 2013","author":"Aryal","year":"2014"},{"key":"zoi201073r11","volume-title":"Female Community Health Volunteers.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2010"},{"key":"zoi201073r20","volume-title":"Public Participation in Medical Screening Programs: A Socio-Psychological Study (Public Health Service Publication No. 572)","author":"Hochbaum","year":"1958"},{"key":"zoi201073r22","volume-title":"Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycemia.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2006"},{"key":"zoi201073r25","volume-title":"Diet, Nutrition, and Prevalence of Chronic Diseases.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2003"},{"key":"zoi201073r26","volume-title":"Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health.","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2010"},{"key":"zoi201073r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696","volume-title":"Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys","author":"Rubin","year":"1987"},{"key":"zoi201073r13","unstructured":"Engel? J, Glennie? J, Adhikari? SR, Bhattarai? SW, Prasai? DP, Fiona? S. Nepal's story: understanding improvements in maternal health. Overseas Development Institute. Published March 2013. Accessed December 22, 2020. https:\/\/www.odi.org\/sites\/odi.org.uk\/files\/odi-assets\/publications-opinion-files\/8624.pdf"},{"key":"zoi201073r18","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors: STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS). Accessed December 22, 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/ncds\/surveillance\/steps\/en\/"},{"key":"zoi201073r23","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Alcohol and public health: frequently asked questions. Accessed December 16, 2018. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/alcohol\/faqs.htm"},{"key":"zoi201073r24","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Healthy diet. Published 2015. Accessed January 5, 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/healthy-diet"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2775660\/gyawali_2021_oi_201073_1611250259.04585.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T04:07:56Z","timestamp":1612238876000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2775660"}},"subtitle":["An Open-Label, Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.35799","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]]}}}