{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:16:52Z","timestamp":1790626612006,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.0963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T11:30:35Z","timestamp":1615548635000},"page":"e210963","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Efficacy of Active vs Sham Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Patients With Bipolar Depression"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"McGirr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fidel","family":"Vila-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeden","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan J.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"BC Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyam Sundar","family":"Arumugham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamyar","family":"Keramatian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayatri","family":"Saraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond W.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trisha","family":"Chakrabarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi N.","family":"Yatham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"zoi210047r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.10.003","article-title":"Epidemiology of DSM-5 bipolar I disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions\u2013III.","volume":"84","author":"Blanco","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi210047r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371506000310","article-title":"Prevalence of bipolar I and II disorder in Canada.","volume":"60","author":"Mcdonald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi210047r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2012.38","article-title":"Mania with and without depression in a community sample of US adolescents.","volume":"69","author":"Merikangas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi210047r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.06.014","article-title":"Psychosocial disability and work role function compared across the long-term course of bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar major depressive disorders.","volume":"108","author":"Judd","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.2007.9.issue-5","article-title":"Three times more days depressed than manic or hypomanic in both bipolar I and bipolar II disorder.","volume":"9","author":"Kupka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"zoi210047r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.02.011","article-title":"Long-term morbidity in bipolar-I, bipolar-II, and unipolar major depressive disorders.","volume":"178","author":"Forte","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi210047r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.9.1561","article-title":"Prevalence and effects of mood disorders on work performance in a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers.","volume":"163","author":"Kessler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210047r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12609","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) 2018 guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder.","volume":"20","author":"Yatham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi210047r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716660033","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 clinical guidelines for the management of adults with major depressive disorder: section 4\u2014neurostimulation treatments.","volume":"61","author":"Milev","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210047r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.3644","article-title":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the acute treatment of major depressive episodes: a systematic review with network meta-analysis.","volume":"74","author":"Brunoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"13","key":"zoi210047r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.26","article-title":"Treatment of bipolar depression with deep TMS: results from a double-blind, randomized, parallel group, sham-controlled clinical trial.","volume":"42","author":"Tavares","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210047r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.4.s1.41.x","article-title":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with bipolar depression: a double blind, controlled study.","volume":"4","author":"Dolberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210047r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2003.00011.x","article-title":"Left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment of depression in bipolar affective disorder: a pilot study of acute safety and efficacy.","volume":"5","author":"Nahas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"zoi210047r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2014.00065","article-title":"What saccadic eye movements tell us about TMS-induced neuromodulation of the DLPFC and mood changes: a pilot study in bipolar disorders.","volume":"8","author":"Beynel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Integr Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210047r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2007.19.2.198","article-title":"Stimulating research: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study of slow transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed bipolar patients.","volume":"19","author":"Tamas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210047r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.v15.1","article-title":"Clinical efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in acute bipolar depression.","volume":"15","author":"McGirr","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi210047r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.10.013","article-title":"The efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"279","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"zoi210047r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2017.02.015","article-title":"Efficacy of theta burst stimulation (TBS) for major depression: an exploratory meta-analysis of randomized and sham-controlled trials.","volume":"90","author":"Berlim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210047r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033","article-title":"Theta burst stimulation of the human motor cortex.","volume":"45","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.01.021","article-title":"The after-effect of human theta burst stimulation is NMDA receptor dependent.","volume":"118","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"pt 7","key":"zoi210047r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu109","article-title":"Efficacy of prefrontal theta-burst stimulation in refractory depression: a randomized sham-controlled study.","volume":"137","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10131","key":"zoi210047r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30295-2","article-title":"Effectiveness of theta burst versus high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with depression (THREE-D): a randomised non-inferiority trial.","volume":"391","author":"Blumberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00781.2010","article-title":"Modulation of motor cortex neuronal networks by rTMS: comparison of local and remote effects of six different protocols of stimulation.","volume":"105","author":"Di Lazzaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2019.10.002","article-title":"Twice-daily neuronavigated intermittent theta burst stimulation for bipolar depression: a randomized sham-controlled pilot study.","volume":"49","author":"Bulteau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"key":"zoi210047r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression.","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210047r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2008.09.006","article-title":"An efficient and accurate new method for locating the F3 position for prefrontal TMS applications.","volume":"2","author":"Beam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"zoi210047r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382","article-title":"A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change.","volume":"134","author":"Montgomery","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi210047r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429","article-title":"A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity.","volume":"133","author":"Young","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210047r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2005.10.020","article-title":"The brief illness perception questionnaire.","volume":"60","author":"Broadbent","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210047r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2190\/T8EM-C8YH-373N-1UWD","article-title":"Assessing psychiatric impairment in primary care with the Sheehan Disability Scale.","volume":"27","author":"Leon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi210047r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.2010.12.issue-7","article-title":"Development of the QoL.BD: a disorder-specific scale to assess quality of life in bipolar disorder.","volume":"12","author":"Michalak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01866-8","article-title":"The 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic major depression.","volume":"54","author":"Rush","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210047r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7.","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"zoi210047r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.03.052","article-title":"A negative double-blind controlled trial of sequential bilateral rTMS in the treatment of bipolar depression.","volume":"198","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210047r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.07.395","article-title":"Clinical and demographic predictors of response to rTMS treatment in unipolar and bipolar depressive disorders.","volume":"128","author":"Rostami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"zoi210047r38","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in unipolar and bipolar depression.","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi210047r39","first-page":"179","article-title":"ECT-induced and drug-induced hypomania.","volume":"8","author":"Angst","year":"1992","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi210047r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13020185","article-title":"The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) task force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders.","volume":"170","author":"Pacchiarotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi210047r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30264-4","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of adjunctive second-generation antidepressant therapy with a mood stabiliser or an atypical antipsychotic in acute bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials.","volume":"3","author":"McGirr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi210047r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2020.02.018","article-title":"Treatment-emergent mania with psychosis in bipolar depression with left intermittent theta-burst rTMS.","volume":"13","author":"Kaster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210047r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.08.028","article-title":"TMS and drugs revisited 2014.","volume":"126","author":"Ziemann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210047r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19090915","article-title":"Distinct symptom-specific treatment targets for circuit-based neuromodulation.","volume":"177","author":"Siddiqi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi210047r29","volume-title":"Clinical Global Impressions: ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology\u2013Revised","author":"Guy","year":"1976"},{"key":"zoi210047r35","volume-title":"Assessment Scales in Depression, Mania and Anxiety","author":"Lam","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2777422\/mcgirr_2021_oi_210047_1614962867.75198.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T11:30:39Z","timestamp":1615548639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2777422"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.0963","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]}}}