{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:01:37Z","timestamp":1791140497217,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.18495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T12:29:26Z","timestamp":1627388966000},"page":"e2118495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Evaluation of a Chronic Pain Screening Program Implemented in Primary Care"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Lauren","family":"Bifulco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Center Inc, Middletown, Connecticut"},{"name":"Weitzman Institute, Middletown, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daren R.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Center Inc, Middletown, Connecticut"},{"name":"Weitzman Institute, Middletown, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary L.","family":"Blankson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Center Inc, Middletown, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veena","family":"Channamsetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Health Center Inc, Middletown, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacquelyn W.","family":"Blaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Washington State University, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam T.","family":"Nguyen-Louie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aligned Psychotherapy, Columbia, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Hudson","family":"Scholle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Committee for Quality Assurance, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"36","key":"zoi210548r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6736a2","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among adults\u2014United States, 2016.","volume":"67","author":"Dahlhamer","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi210548r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2019.01.003","article-title":"Eighteen-year trends in the prevalence of, and health care use for, noncancer pain in the United States: data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.","volume":"20","author":"Nahin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2019.03.023","article-title":"Chronic pain: a review of its epidemiology and associated factors in population-based studies.","volume":"123","author":"Mills","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210548r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-015-0264-3","article-title":"Decision support for chronic pain care: how do primary care physicians decide when to prescribe opioids? a qualitative study.","volume":"16","author":"Harle","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210548r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.06.009","article-title":"United States national pain strategy for population research: concepts, definitions, and pilot data.","volume":"17","author":"Von Korff","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"390","key":"zoi210548r7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among US adults, 2019.","author":"Zelaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.27.2.507","article-title":"Disparities in physician care: experiences and perceptions of a multi-ethnic America.","volume":"27","author":"Blendon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pny074","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the evaluation and management of pain in the outpatient setting, 2006\u20132015.","volume":"20","author":"Ly","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01310.x","article-title":"Time to take stock: a meta-analysis and systematic review of analgesic treatment disparities for pain in the United States.","volume":"13","author":"Meghann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1037\/a0035204","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in the assessment and treatment of pain: psychosocial perspectives.","volume":"69","author":"Tait","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210548r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.0.0255","article-title":"Race, ethnicity, and pain among the US adult population.","volume":"21","author":"Shavers","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi210548r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-011-1672-2","article-title":"Is primary care providers\u2019 trust in socially marginalized patients affected by race?","volume":"26","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi210548r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.0205","article-title":"Federally qualified health center clinicians and staff increasingly dissatisfied with workplace conditions.","volume":"36","author":"Friedberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210548r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0321-2","article-title":"Accuracy of the pain numeric rating scale as a screening test in primary care.","volume":"22","author":"Krebs","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2021.3.52355","article-title":"The utility of pain scale to assess verifiable vs non-verifiable pain in United States emergency departments.","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"West J Emerg Med"},{"key":"zoi210548r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab110","article-title":"Associations of pain numeric rating scale scores collected during usual care with research administered patient reported pain outcomes.","author":"Nugent","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi210548r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.1464","article-title":"CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain\u2014United States, 2016.","volume":"315","author":"Dowell","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210548r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-0981-1","article-title":"Development and initial validation of the PEG, a three-item scale assessing pain intensity and interference.","volume":"24","author":"Krebs","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210548r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f167","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f167","article-title":"Patient reported outcome measures could help transform healthcare.","volume":"346","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r28","first-page":"129","article-title":"Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory.","volume":"23","author":"Cleeland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210548r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200409000-00005","article-title":"Validity of the Brief Pain Inventory for use in documenting the outcomes of patients with noncancer pain.","volume":"20","author":"Keller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"14","key":"zoi210548r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1707537","article-title":"Making patients and doctors happier\u2014the potential of patient-reported outcomes.","volume":"377","author":"Rotenstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210548r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1611252","article-title":"Patient-reported outcomes\u2014harnessing patients\u2019 voices to improve clinical care.","volume":"376","author":"Basch","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi210548r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/JAC.0000000000000248","article-title":"Implementation of the PROMIS-29 in routine care for people with diabetes: challenges and opportunities.","volume":"41","author":"Scholle","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ambul Care Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi210548r34","first-page":"176","article-title":"Cut points for mild, moderate, and severe pain among cancer and non-cancer patients: a literature review.","volume":"4","author":"Woo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi210548r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pny279","article-title":"Core outcome measures for chronic musculoskeletal pain research: recommendations from a Veterans Health Administration work group.","volume":"20","author":"Kroenke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210548r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000177","article-title":"Using health information technology to improve adherence to opioid prescribing guidelines in primary care.","volume":"31","author":"Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210548r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000160","article-title":"A classification of chronic pain for ICD-11.","volume":"156","author":"Treede","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210548r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001384","article-title":"Chronic pain as a symptom or a disease: the IASP Classification of Chronic Pain for the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).","volume":"160","author":"Treede","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210548r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017902","article-title":"International variations in primary care physician consultation time: a systematic review of 67 countries.","volume":"7","author":"Irving","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"zoi210548r8","volume-title":"Medical Management of Vulnerable and Underserved Patients: Principles, Practice, and Populations.","author":"King","year":"2007"},{"key":"zoi210548r9","volume-title":"Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research: Pain as a Public Health Challenge.","author":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Advancing Pain Research","year":"2011"},{"key":"zoi210548r24","first-page":"35","volume-title":"Opioid Prescribing and Monitoring: Primary Care Models for Pain Management","author":"Arbuck","year":"2019","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"zoi210548r33","volume-title":"Results of the Testing of the ESCAP\/WG Extended Question Set on Disability","author":"Altman","year":"2010"},{"key":"zoi210548r2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Musculoskeletal conditions. February 8, 2021. Accessed May 13, 2021. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/musculoskeletal-conditions"},{"key":"zoi210548r16","unstructured":"National Association of Community Health Centers. Fact sheet: health centers are providing care to growing numbers of patients with complex needs. May 2019. Accessed May 13, 2021. http:\/\/www.nachc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Growth_in_Patients_with_Complex_Needs_5.30.19.pdf"},{"key":"zoi210548r17","unstructured":"Health Resources & Services Administration. 2019 National health center data snapshot. 2019. Accessed May 13, 2021. https:\/\/data.hrsa.gov\/tools\/data-reporting\/data-snapshot?year=2019"},{"key":"zoi210548r18","unstructured":"Health Resources & Services Administration. Health Center program compliance manual. August 20, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2021. https:\/\/bphc.hrsa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/bphc\/programrequirements\/pdf\/hc-compliance-manual.pdf"},{"key":"zoi210548r20","unstructured":"California Healthcare Foundation. Pain care on a new track: complementary therapies in the safety net. July 2016. Accessed May 13, 2021. https:\/\/www.chcf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/PDF-PainTherapiesSafetyNet.pdf"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2782414\/bifulco_2021_oi_210548_1626797297.53143.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T12:29:46Z","timestamp":1627388986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2782414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.18495","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]}}}