{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:56:39Z","timestamp":1784120199284,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T17:48:17Z","timestamp":1633110497000},"page":"e2127827","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Testing Practices, Interpretation, and Diagnostic Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia by US Primary Care Physicians"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Read","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akbar K.","family":"Waljee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development, Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy B.","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development, Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Y.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Vijan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development, Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer D.","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development, Center for Clinical Management Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"zoi210810r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1401038","article-title":"Iron-deficiency anemia.","volume":"372","author":"Camaschella","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10021","key":"zoi210810r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60865-0","article-title":"Iron deficiency anaemia.","volume":"387","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi210810r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312023292303","article-title":"Evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with iron-deficiency anemia.","volume":"329","author":"Rockey","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210810r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcl053","article-title":"Colonoscopy first for iron-deficiency anaemia: a Numbers Needed to Investigate approach.","volume":"99","author":"Stephens","year":"2006","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2013-001874","article-title":"Electronic health record-based triggers to detect potential delays in cancer diagnosis.","volume":"23","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.08.007","article-title":"Development and validation of trigger algorithms to identify delays in diagnostic evaluation of gastroenterological cancer.","volume":"16","author":"Murphy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210810r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.324","article-title":"Missed opportunities to initiate endoscopic evaluation for colorectal cancer diagnosis.","volume":"104","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2011-000310","article-title":"Exploring situational awareness in diagnostic errors in primary care.","volume":"21","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi210810r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djw322","article-title":"Colorectal cancer incidence patterns in the United States, 1974-2013.","volume":"109","author":"Siegel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi210810r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319511","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in young adults.","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi210810r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.228874","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia.","volume":"60","author":"Goddard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi210810r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.046","article-title":"AGA clinical practice guidelines on the gastrointestinal evaluation of iron deficiency anemia.","volume":"159","author":"Ko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi210810r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166635","article-title":"The prevalence of anemia and moderate-severe anemia in the US population (NHANES 2003-2012).","volume":"11","author":"Le","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210810r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.103366","article-title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency across indications: a systematic review.","volume":"102","author":"Peyrin-Biroulet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"RR-3","key":"zoi210810r15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendations to prevent and control iron deficiency in the United States.","volume":"47","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181809c0d","article-title":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 95: anemia in pregnancy.","volume":"112","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi210810r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1707","article-title":"Screening for iron deficiency anemia and iron supplementation in pregnant women to improve maternal health and birth outcomes: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.","volume":"163","author":"Siu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210810r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02598003","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia: an overview.","volume":"7","author":"Guyatt","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi210810r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-1960","article-title":"Internists\u2019 attitudes toward prevention of firearm injury.","volume":"160","author":"Butkus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"zoi210810r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.13.1715","article-title":"Comparison of vignettes, standardized patients, and chart abstraction: a prospective validation study of 3 methods for measuring quality.","volume":"283","author":"Peabody","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi210810r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000417","article-title":"Development of the Medical Maximizer-Minimizer Scale.","volume":"35","author":"Scherer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi210810r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21457","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society.","volume":"68","author":"Wolf","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"zoi210810r23","article-title":"A national survey of adoption of the 2018 American Cancer Society Colorectal Cancer Screening Guideline in primary care.","author":"Read","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.1.45","article-title":"Clinical utility of the soluble transferrin receptor and comparison with serum ferritin in several populations.","volume":"44","author":"Mast","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.050609","article-title":"The absorption of iron from whole diets: a systematic review.","volume":"98","author":"Collings","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"zoi210810r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2013.11.005","article-title":"Iron status in the elderly.","volume":"136-137","author":"Fairweather-Tait","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210810r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02596360","article-title":"Usefulness of routine admission complete blood cell counts on a general medical service.","volume":"2","author":"Frye","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"766","key":"zoi210810r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.65.766.525","article-title":"Yield of the admission complete blood count in medical inpatients.","volume":"65","author":"Mozes","year":"1989","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi210810r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(96)80068-4","article-title":"Yield of laboratory tests for case-finding in the ambulatory general medical examination.","volume":"101","author":"Boland","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-1-44","article-title":"Usefulness of complete blood counts as a case-finding tool in medical outpatients.","volume":"116","author":"R\u00fcttimann","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-1-65","article-title":"The complete blood count and leukocyte differential count: an approach to their rational application.","volume":"106","author":"Shapiro","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2006.09.002","article-title":"Laboratory screening at preventive health exams: trend of testing, 1978-2004.","volume":"32","author":"Chacko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi210810r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2932","article-title":"Routine iron supplementation and screening for iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.","volume":"162","author":"Cantor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi210810r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.0269","article-title":"Accuracy of practitioner estimates of probability of diagnosis before and after testing.","volume":"181","author":"Morgan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi210810r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.03.006","article-title":"Iron deficiency in pregnancy.","volume":"223","author":"Georgieff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi210810r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2013.07.021","article-title":"Bundling in Medicare patients undergoing bidirectional endoscopy: how often does it happen?","volume":"12","author":"El-Serag","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi210810r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.8766","article-title":"Same-day vs different-day elective upper and lower endoscopic procedures by setting.","volume":"179","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi210810r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.1144","article-title":"Effect of a price transparency intervention in the electronic health record on clinician ordering of inpatient laboratory tests: the PRICE randomized clinical trial.","volume":"177","author":"Sedrak","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi210810r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.v11.5","article-title":"Multifaceted intervention including education, rounding checklist implementation, cost feedback, and financial incentives reduces inpatient laboratory costs.","volume":"11","author":"Yarbrough","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"zoi210810r37","volume-title":"Screening and Treatment of Obstetric Anemia: A Review of Clinical Effectiveness, Cost-Effectiveness, and Guidelines","author":"Tran","year":"2019"},{"key":"zoi210810r33","unstructured":"ABIM Foundation. Choosing Wisely. Accessed May 1, 2021. https:\/\/www.choosingwisely.org\/"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2784612\/read_2021_oi_210810_1632416157.38799.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T17:48:25Z","timestamp":1633110505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2784612"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27827","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]}}}