{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:06:00Z","timestamp":1792368360736,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.40911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T11:01:15Z","timestamp":1641898875000},"page":"e2140911","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Effect of Written Exposure Therapy vs Cognitive Processing Therapy on Increasing Treatment Efficiency Among Military Service Members With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Denise M.","family":"Sloan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian P.","family":"Marx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Resick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke Health, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey","family":"Young-McCaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"},{"name":"Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Dondanville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey L.","family":"Straud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"},{"name":"Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Mintz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"},{"name":"Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett T.","family":"Litz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiological Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston"},{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan L.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio"},{"name":"Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"STRONG STAR Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"zoi211149r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-15-00187","article-title":"Mental health and comorbidities in U.S. military members.","volume":"181","author":"Crum-Cianflone","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"sup5","key":"zoi211149r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1353383","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys.","volume":"8","author":"Kessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi211149r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.21242","article-title":"Effect of prolonged exposure therapy delivered over 2 weeks vs 8 weeks vs present-centered therapy on PTSD symptom severity in military personnel: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"319","author":"Foa","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi211149r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000016","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of group cognitive processing therapy compared with group present-centered therapy for PTSD among active duty military personnel.","volume":"83","author":"Resick","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi211149r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2016.2729","article-title":"Effect of group vs individual cognitive processing therapy in active-duty military seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"74","author":"Resick","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi211149r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040603","article-title":"Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care.","volume":"351","author":"Hoge","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi211149r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e541","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12r08225","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the efficacy of treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder.","volume":"74","author":"Watts","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi211149r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.201300307","article-title":"PTSD treatment for soldiers after combat deployment: low utilization of mental health care and reasons for dropout.","volume":"65","author":"Hoge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi211149r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2012.07.001","article-title":"Written exposure as an intervention for PTSD: a randomized clinical trial with motor vehicle accident survivors.","volume":"50","author":"Sloan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi211149r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2017.4249","article-title":"A brief exposure-based treatment vs cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized noninferiority clinical trial.","volume":"75","author":"Sloan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi211149r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.2.243","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial to dismantle components of cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in female victims of interpersonal violence.","volume":"76","author":"Resick","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"zoi211149r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2021.103846","article-title":"Variable-length cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in active duty military: outcomes and predictors.","volume":"141","author":"Resick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"zoi211149r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-11-32","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials.","volume":"11","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi211149r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2012.10.009","article-title":"The need for expanded monitoring of adverse events in behavioral health clinical trials.","volume":"34","author":"Peterson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi211149r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000486","article-title":"The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5): development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.","volume":"30","author":"Weathers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"zoi211149r20","article-title":"Study design comparing written exposure therapy to cognitive processing therapy for PTSD among military service members: a noninferiority trial.","volume":"17","author":"Sloan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi211149r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.5.481","article-title":"Randomized trial of trauma-focused group therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: results from a department of veterans affairs cooperative study.","volume":"60","author":"Schnurr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi211149r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14070908","article-title":"Is exposure necessary? a randomized clinical trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for PTSD.","volume":"172","author":"Markowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi211149r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1002\/da.2015.32.issue-11","article-title":"Telemedicine versus in-person delivery of cognitive processing therapy for women with posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized noninferiority trial.","volume":"32","author":"Morland","year":"2015","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi211149r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.184823","article-title":"Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: intention-to-treat versus per-protocol analysis.","volume":"7","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspect Clin Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi211149r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1097-0258","article-title":"Choosing the analysis population in non-inferiority studies: per protocol or intent-to-treat.","volume":"25","author":"Matilde Sanchez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi211149r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030600","article-title":"Manualized therapy for PTSD: flexing the structure of cognitive processing therapy.","volume":"80","author":"Galovski","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi211149r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2014.12.002","article-title":"Are 60-minute prolonged exposure sessions with 20-minute imaginal exposure to traumatic memories sufficient to successfully treat PTSD? a randomized noninferiority clinical trial.","volume":"46","author":"Nacasch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi211149r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20121727","article-title":"Functional neuroimaging in PTSD: from discovery of underlying mechanisms to addressing diagnostic heterogeneity.","volume":"178","author":"Neria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi211149r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000062","article-title":"Time course of treatment dropout in cognitive-behavioral therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder.","volume":"8","author":"Gutner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Trauma"},{"key":"zoi211149r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-019-00169-9","article-title":"Adjusting the timeframe of evidence-based therapies for PTSD-massed treatments.","volume":"6","author":"Wachen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Psych"},{"key":"zoi211149r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/med-psych\/9780190926939.001.0001","volume-title":"Prolonged Exposure Therapy for PTSD: Emotional Processing of Traumatic Experiences. Therapist Guide","author":"Foa","year":"2019","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"zoi211149r10","volume-title":"Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD: A Comprehensive Manual","author":"Resick","year":"2017"},{"key":"zoi211149r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/0000139-000","volume-title":"Written Exposure Therapy for PTSD: A Brief Treatment Approach for Mental Health Professionals","author":"Sloan","year":"2019"},{"key":"zoi211149r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"zoi211149r21","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4th ed"},{"key":"zoi211149r23","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"zoi211149r30","volume-title":"Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military and Veteran Populations: Final Assessment","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2787933\/sloan_2022_oi_211149_1641579649.38947.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T11:01:27Z","timestamp":1641898887000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2787933"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Noninferiority Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.40911","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]]}}}