{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:51:05Z","timestamp":1782125465984,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.23266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T15:01:13Z","timestamp":1658502073000},"page":"e2223266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Assessment of Patterns in e-Cigarette Use Among Adults in the US, 2017-2020"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ellen","family":"Boakye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngozi","family":"Osuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Erhabor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olufunmilayo","family":"Obisesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert D.","family":"Osei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadhassan","family":"Mirbolouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Stokes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Dzaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"El Shahawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn A.","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emelia J.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"DeFilippis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose Marie","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aruni","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Blaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"zoi220660r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.2817","article-title":"Trends in e-cigarette use in adults in the United States, 2016-2018.","volume":"180","author":"Obisesan","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"zoi220660r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Dai","year":"2019","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.15331"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220660r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2019.4957","article-title":"Electronic cigarette use among young, middle-aged, and older adults in the United States in 2017 and 2018.","volume":"180","author":"Bao","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"zoi220660r5","author":"Arrazola","year":"2015"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220660r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6806e1","article-title":"Vital signs: tobacco product use among middle and high school students\u2014United States, 2011-2018.","volume":"68","author":"Gentzke","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"39","key":"zoi220660r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7039a4","article-title":"Notes from the field: e-cigarette use among middle and high school students\u2014National Youth Tobacco Survey, United States, 2021.","volume":"70","author":"Park-Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220660r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.11336","article-title":"Characteristics of e-cigarette use behaviors among US youth, 2020.","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"zoi220660r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","author":"Mirbolouk","year":"2018","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-3440"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi220660r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/jdb.2014.6.issue-5","article-title":"Age adjustment of diabetes prevalence: use of 2010 U.S. census data.","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"key":"zoi220660r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.029","article-title":"Patterns of nicotine concentrations in electronic cigarettes sold in the United States, 2013-2018.","volume":"203","author":"Romberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi220660r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7111a1","article-title":"Tobacco product use among adults\u2014United States, 2020.","volume":"71","author":"Cornelius","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220660r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.5667","article-title":"Trends in use and perceptions of nicotine vaping among US youth from 2017 to 2020.","volume":"175","author":"Miech","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220660r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.27572","article-title":"Underage youth and young adult e-cigarette use and access before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.","volume":"3","author":"Gaiha","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi220660r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty240","article-title":"Querying about the use of specific e-cigarette devices may enhance accurate measurement of e-cigarette prevalence rates among high school students.","volume":"22","author":"Morean","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"zoi220660r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.029","article-title":"Assessing nicotine dependence in adolescent e-cigarette users: the 4-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Nicotine Dependence Item Bank for electronic cigarettes.","volume":"188","author":"Morean","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi220660r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001491","article-title":"E-cigarette use and combustible cigarette smoking initiation among youth: accounting for time-varying exposure and time-dependent confounding.","volume":"33","author":"Harlow","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220660r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.40880","article-title":"Association of e-cigarette use with discontinuation of cigarette smoking among adult smokers who were initially never planning to quit.","volume":"4","author":"Kasza","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi220660r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa086","article-title":"Intensive longitudinal study of the relationship between cigalike e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking among adult cigarette smokers without immediate plans to quit smoking.","volume":"23","author":"Pearson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220660r32","first-page":"42","article-title":"E-cigarette initiation and associated changes in smoking cessation and reduction: the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, 2013-2015.","volume":"28","author":"Berry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"zoi220660r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2016.09.011","article-title":"Reasons for current e-cigarette use among U.S. adults.","volume":"93","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220660r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15061190","article-title":"Perceptions and reasons regarding e-cigarette use among users and non-users: a narrative literature review.","volume":"15","author":"Romijnders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220660r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.47813","article-title":"Evaluation of statewide restrictions on flavored e-cigarette sales in the US from 2014 to 2020.","volume":"5","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi220660r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6907a3","article-title":"State and territorial laws prohibiting sales of tobacco products to persons aged &lt;21 years\u2014United States, December 20, 2019.","volume":"69","author":"Marynak","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"zoi220660r4","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. Patterns of e-cigarette use among U.S. youth and young adults. In: E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, and Office on Smoking and Health; 2016: 27-93. Accessed July 19, 2020. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538680\/pdf\/Bookshelf_NBK538680.pdf"},{"key":"zoi220660r9","unstructured":"Tobacco to 21 Act, HR 2411, 116th Cong (2019-2020). Accessed June 12, 2022. https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/116th-congress\/house-bill\/2411\/text"},{"key":"zoi220660r10","unstructured":"Newly signed legislation raises federal minimum age of sale of tobacco products to 21. News release. US Food and Drug Administration. January 15, 2020. Accessed October 22, 2021. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/tobacco-products\/ctp-newsroom\/newly-signed-legislation-raises-federal-minimum-age-sale-tobacco-products-21"},{"key":"zoi220660r11","unstructured":"FDA finalizes enforcement policy on unauthorized flavored cartridge-based e-cigarettes that appeal to children, including fruit and mint. News release. US Food and Drug Administration. January 2, 2020. Accessed July 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-finalizes-enforcement-policy-unauthorized-flavored-cartridge-based-e-cigarettes-appeal-children"},{"key":"zoi220660r12","unstructured":"Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Outbreak of lung injury associated with the use of e-cigarette, or vaping, products. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2020. Updated February 25, 2020. Accessed July 12, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/basic_information\/e-cigarettes\/severe-lung-disease.html"},{"key":"zoi220660r13","unstructured":"FDA permits marketing of e-cigarette products, marking first authorization of its kind by the agency. News release. US Food and Drug Administration. October 12, 2021. Accessed October 22, 2021. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-permits-marketing-e-cigarette-products-marking-first-authorization-its-kind-agency"},{"key":"zoi220660r14","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Weighting the BRFSS data. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017. Accessed July 3, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brfss\/annual_data\/2017\/pdf\/weighting-2017-508.pdf"},{"key":"zoi220660r15","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2017 summary data quality report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. June 13, 2018. Accessed December 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brfss\/annual_data\/2017\/pdf\/2017-sdqr-508.pdf"},{"key":"zoi220660r16","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2018 summary data quality report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. July 17, 2019. Accessed December 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brfss\/annual_data\/2018\/pdf\/2018-sdqr-508.pdf"},{"key":"zoi220660r17","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: 2020 summary data quality report. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. August 2, 2021. Accessed December 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/brfss\/annual_data\/2020\/pdf\/2020-sdqr-508.pdf"},{"key":"zoi220660r22","unstructured":"Center for Tobacco Products. Tobacco 21: update for Retailers. US Food and Drug Administration; 2019. Accessed October 25, 2021. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/151919\/download"},{"key":"zoi220660r24","unstructured":"Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2016. Accessed June 28, 2020. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538684\/"},{"key":"zoi220660r26","unstructured":"CDC Foundation. Monitoring U.S. e-cigarette sales: national trends. Data brief. CDC Foundation; July 2021. Accessed November 11, 2021. https:\/\/www.cdcfoundation.org\/National-E-CigaretteSales-DataBrief-2021-July11?inline"},{"key":"zoi220660r35","unstructured":"Preventing Tobacco Addiction Foundation. Tobacco 21: the law of the land. Preventing Tobacco Addiction Foundation; 2021. Accessed December 20, 2021. https:\/\/tobacco21.org\/"},{"key":"zoi220660r37","unstructured":"Report reveals Utah has lowest smoking rate in U.S. News release. Utah Now. September 8, 2021. Accessed May 2, 2022. https:\/\/utahnow.online\/2021\/09\/08\/report-reveals-utah-has-lowest-smoking-rate-in-u-s\/"},{"key":"zoi220660r39","unstructured":"Public Health Law Center. E-cigarette regulations\u2014Guam. Public Health Law Center at Mitchell Hamline School of Law; 2022. Accessed May 2, 2022. https:\/\/www.publichealthlawcenter.org\/resources\/us-e-cigarette-regulations-50-state-review\/gu"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2794483\/boakye_2022_oi_220660_1657816197.09296.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T15:01:24Z","timestamp":1658502084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2794483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.23266","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]]}}}