{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T05:02:05Z","timestamp":1784869325020,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.28244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T15:24:25Z","timestamp":1661268265000},"page":"e2228244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of Biannual Mass Azithromycin Distributions to Preschool-Aged Children on Trachoma Prevalence in Niger"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Arzika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Niamey, Niger"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Sant\u00e9 Publique, Birni N\u2019Gaoure, Niger"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dallas","family":"Mindo-Panusis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amza","family":"Abdou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme Nationale de Sant\u00e9 Oculaire, Niamey, Niger"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boubacar","family":"Kadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme Nationale de Sant\u00e9 Oculaire, Niamey, Niger"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beido","family":"Nassirou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programme Nationale de Sant\u00e9 Oculaire, Niamey, Niger"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramatou","family":"Maliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Niamey, Niger"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Sant\u00e9 Publique, Birni N\u2019Gaoure, Niger"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amer F.","family":"Alsoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Y.","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Lebas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieran S.","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Kelly","family":"Callahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L.","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila K.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Brook","family":"Goodhew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis C.","family":"Porco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D.","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M","family":"Emerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huub","family":"Gelderblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PJ","family":"Hooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerusha","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila K","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin L","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amza","family":"Abdou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassirou","family":"Beido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boubacar","family":"Kadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria M","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mankara K","family":"Alio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Arzika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nameywa","family":"Boubacar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E Kelly","family":"Callahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanoussi","family":"Elh Adamou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana Fatima","family":"Galo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salissou","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariama","family":"Kiemago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramatou","family":"Maliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha E","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Y","family":"Cotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuy","family":"Doan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce D","family":"Gaynor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Hinterwirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy D","family":"Keenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Lebas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieran S","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine E","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis C","family":"Porco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn J","family":"Ray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J","family":"Rosenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George W","family":"Rutherford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Vanderschelden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole E","family":"Varnado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P","family":"Whitcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dionna M","family":"Wittberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Worden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxia","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"for the Macrolides Oraux pour R\u00e9duire les D\u00e9c\u00e9s Avec un Oeil sur la Resistance (MORDOR)\u2013Niger Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9379","key":"zoi220803r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13909-8","article-title":"Strategies for control of trachoma: observational study with quantitative PCR.","volume":"362","author":"Solomon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"zoi220803r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040979","article-title":"Mass treatment with single-dose azithromycin for trachoma.","volume":"351","author":"Solomon","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0327","article-title":"Mass treatment and the effect on the load of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a trachoma-hyperendemic community.","volume":"46","author":"West","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi220803r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817213","article-title":"Longer-term assessment of azithromycin for reducing childhood mortality in Africa.","volume":"380","author":"Keenan","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"zoi220803r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715474","article-title":"Azithromycin to reduce childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa.","volume":"378","author":"Keenan","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220803r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e288","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30540-6","article-title":"Cause-specific mortality of children younger than 5 years in communities receiving biannual mass azithromycin treatment in Niger: verbal autopsy results from a cluster-randomised controlled trial.","volume":"8","author":"Keenan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi220803r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0046","article-title":"Association of mass treatment with azithromycin in trachoma-endemic communities with short-term reduced risk of diarrhea in young children.","volume":"85","author":"Coles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi220803r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31824155c9","article-title":"Mass distribution of azithromycin for trachoma control is associated with short-term reduction in risk of acute lower respiratory infection in young children.","volume":"31","author":"Coles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220803r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000377","article-title":"Antibiotic selection pressure and macrolide resistance in nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae: a cluster-randomized clinical trial.","volume":"7","author":"Skalet","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi220803r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy339","article-title":"The effect of antibiotic selection pressure on the nasopharyngeal macrolide resistome: a cluster-randomized trial.","volume":"67","author":"Keenan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220803r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab193","article-title":"Targeted antibiotics for trachoma: a cluster-randomized trial.","volume":"73","author":"Melo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi220803r12","first-page":"194","article-title":"Comparison of two azithromycin distribution strategies for controlling trachoma in Nepal.","volume":"79","author":"Holm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220803r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.12.1488","article-title":"Impact of annual targeted treatment on infectious trachoma and susceptibility to reinfection.","volume":"296","author":"Atik","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2006.12.003","article-title":"Longitudinal evaluation of three azithromycin distribution strategies for treatment of trachoma in a sub-Saharan African country, Mali.","volume":"101","author":"Sch\u00e9mann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220803r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw810","article-title":"A cluster-randomized trial to assess the efficacy of targeting trachoma treatment to children.","volume":"64","author":"Amza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220803r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002835","article-title":"Biannual mass azithromycin distributions and malaria parasitemia in pre-school children in Niger: a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"16","author":"Arzika","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi220803r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1901535","article-title":"Macrolide resistance in MORDOR I\u2014a cluster-randomized trial in Niger.","volume":"380","author":"Doan","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220803r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.39351","article-title":"Effect of mass azithromycin distributions on childhood growth in Niger: a cluster-randomized trial.","volume":"4","author":"Arzika","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi220803r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.248708","article-title":"The simplified trachoma grading system, amended.","volume":"98","author":"Solomon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trt101","article-title":"Trachoma prevalence in Niger: results of 31 district-level surveys.","volume":"108","author":"Cromwell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi220803r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70032-3","article-title":"Mass antibiotics for trachoma and the Allee effect.","volume":"5","author":"Chidambaram","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi220803r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix141","article-title":"Gut microbial diversity in antibiotic-naive children after systemic antibiotic exposure: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"64","author":"Doan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2004.01.014","article-title":"Simplification and improvement of height-based azithromycin treatment for paediatric trachoma.","volume":"99","author":"Basilion","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi220803r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006950","article-title":"Safety of azithromycin in infants under six months of age in Niger: a community randomized trial.","volume":"12","author":"Oldenburg","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220803r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0386","article-title":"Comparison of smartphone photography, single-lens reflex photography, and field-grading for trachoma.","volume":"103","author":"Nesemann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220803r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihz035","article-title":"Smartphone photography as a possible method of post-validation trachoma surveillance in resource-limited settings.","volume":"11","author":"Snyder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi220803r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0140","article-title":"Precision of serologic testing from dried blood spots using a multiplex bead assay.","volume":"105","author":"Gwyn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005230","article-title":"Defining seropositivity thresholds for use in trachoma elimination studies.","volume":"11","author":"Migchelsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"37","key":"zoi220803r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23174","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2008951117","article-title":"Fine-scale heterogeneity in Schistosoma mansoni force of infection measured through antibody response.","volume":"117","author":"Arnold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"9960","key":"zoi220803r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62182-0","article-title":"Trachoma.","volume":"384","author":"Taylor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"zoi220803r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-216","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of antibody responses to trachoma antigens before and after mass drug administration.","volume":"14","author":"Goodhew","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"zoi220803r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18532","DOI":"10.1038\/srep18532","article-title":"Serological measures of trachoma transmission intensity.","volume":"5","author":"Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007127","article-title":"Community-level chlamydial serology for assessing trachoma elimination in trachoma-endemic Niger.","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi220803r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008647","article-title":"Seroprevalence of antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis and enteropathogens and distance to the nearest water source among young children in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia.","volume":"14","author":"Aiemjoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220803r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86639-8","article-title":"Comparison of platforms for testing antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Togo.","volume":"11","author":"Gwyn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi220803r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.02.014","article-title":"Post-antibiotic ocular surface microbiome in children: a cluster-randomized trial.","volume":"127","author":"Doan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi220803r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.335","article-title":"Novel telemedicine device for diagnosis of corneal abrasions and ulcers in resource-poor settings.","volume":"132","author":"Maamari","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"zoi220803r16","unstructured":"Mortality reduction after oral azithromycin: mortality study (MORDORIMort). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01047981. Accessed March 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02047981"},{"key":"zoi220803r31","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Validation of elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. Document No. WHO\/HTM\/NTD\/2016.8 2016. Accessed March 1, 2022. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/208901\/WHO-HTM-NTD-2016.8-eng.pdf"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2795556\/arzika_2022_oi_220803_1660590655.23118.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T15:24:33Z","timestamp":1661268273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2795556"}},"subtitle":["A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.28244","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]}}}