{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:17:40Z","timestamp":1790288260257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T15:01:33Z","timestamp":1663167693000},"page":"e2230367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Effect of Minocycline on Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Julian","family":"Hellmann-Regen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Clemens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gr\u00f6zinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Kornhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universit\u00e4t Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Reif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Prvulovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Goya-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelius","family":"Sch\u00fcle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Padberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Ising","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Uhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Friede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics, Universit\u00e4tsmedizin G\u00f6ttingen, G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Manook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Baghai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Heuser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"zoi220861r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.11.1905","article-title":"Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report.","volume":"163","author":"Rush","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi220861r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.11.029","article-title":"Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression.","volume":"65","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2015.5","article-title":"The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target.","volume":"16","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220861r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0474-5","article-title":"Peripheral cytokine levels and response to antidepressant treatment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi220861r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.07.045","article-title":"Inflammatory markers and treatment outcome in treatment resistant depression: A systematic review.","volume":"257","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi220861r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X14666151208113700","article-title":"Inflammation in Depression and the Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Treatment.","volume":"14","author":"Kohler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi220861r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.2019.139.issue-5","article-title":"Efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatment on major depressive disorder or depressive symptoms: meta-analysis of clinical trials.","volume":"139","author":"K\u00f6hler-Forsberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi220861r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1611","article-title":"Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on depression, depressive symptoms, and adverse effects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.","volume":"71","author":"K\u00f6hler","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamapsychiatry.4","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of the tumor necrosis factor antagonist infliximab for treatment-resistant depression: the role of baseline inflammatory biomarkers.","volume":"70","author":"Raison","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi220861r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13496","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13496","article-title":"A tetracycline derivative, minocycline, reduces inflammation and protects against focal cerebral ischemia with a wide therapeutic window.","volume":"96","author":"Yrj\u00e4nheikki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-018-0460-x","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of minocycline are mediated by retinoid signaling.","volume":"19","author":"Clemens","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi220861r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2015.1036116","article-title":"Inhibition of brain retinoic acid catabolism: a mechanism for minocycline\u2019s pleiotropic actions?","volume":"17","author":"Regen","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi220861r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.2015.24.issue-6","article-title":"Inhibition of retinoic acid catabolism by minocycline: evidence for a novel mode of action?","volume":"24","author":"Regen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36507-9","article-title":"The antidepressant impact of minocycline in rodents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"9","author":"Reis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"zoi220861r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.06.019","article-title":"Minocycline prevents the depressive-like behavior through inhibiting the release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons.","volume":"88","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"zoi220861r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01247","article-title":"Minocycline Ameliorates Depressive-Like Behavior and Demyelination Induced by Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibiting Microglial Activation.","volume":"10","author":"Du","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"zoi220861r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.11.009","article-title":"Minocycline alleviates depression-like symptoms by rescuing decrease in neurogenesis in dorsal hippocampus via blocking microglia activation\/phagocytosis.","volume":"91","author":"Bassett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi220861r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.07.026","article-title":"Novel therapeutic targets in depression: minocycline as a candidate treatment.","volume":"235","author":"Soczynska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi220861r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.v140.4","article-title":"Meta-analysis of antidepressant effects of anti-inflammatory drugs-reply.","volume":"140","author":"K\u00f6hler-Forsberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000098","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of minocycline on mild-to-moderate depression in HIV patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.","volume":"31","author":"Emadi-Kouchak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi220861r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417709357","article-title":"Adjunctive minocycline treatment for major depressive disorder: A proof of concept trial.","volume":"51","author":"Dean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"20","key":"zoi220861r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"zoi220861r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382","article-title":"A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change.","volume":"134","author":"Montgomery","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56","article-title":"A rating scale for depression.","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi220861r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004","article-title":"An inventory for measuring depression.","volume":"4","author":"Beck","year":"1961","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi220861r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.128.3.280","article-title":"The SCL-90 and the MMPI: a step in the validation of a new self-report scale.","volume":"128","author":"Derogatis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi220861r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1520-6394","article-title":"Quetiapine adjunct to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or venlafaxine in patients with major depression, comorbid anxiety, and residual depressive symptoms: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study.","volume":"24","author":"McIntyre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi220861r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-00920-4","article-title":"Basal and LPS-stimulated inflammatory markers and the course of individual symptoms of depression.","volume":"10","author":"van Eeden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi220861r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.25531","article-title":"Magnitude of the placebo response across treatment modalities used for treatment-resistant depression in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"4","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"zoi220861r1","author":"James","year":"2018"},{"key":"zoi220861r6","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2013"},{"key":"zoi220861r17","author":"Sakurai","year":"2020"},{"key":"zoi220861r25","author":"Husain","year":"2017"},{"key":"zoi220861r26","author":"Nettis","year":"2021"},{"key":"zoi220861r31","year":"1976"},{"key":"zoi220861r35","author":"Miyaoka","year":"2012"},{"key":"zoi220861r36","author":"Savitz","year":"2012"},{"key":"zoi220861r37","author":"Munkholm"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2796182\/hellmannregen_2022_oi_220861_1662133919.01404.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T15:01:35Z","timestamp":1663167695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2796182"}},"subtitle":["A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30367","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]]}}}