{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T11:57:16Z","timestamp":1793447836618,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":353,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Despite discrete etiologies leading to delirium, it is treated as a common end point in hospital and in clinical trials, and delirium research may be hampered by the attempt to treat all instances of delirium similarly, leaving delirium management as an unmet need. An individualized approach based on unique patterns of delirium pathophysiology, as reflected in predisposing factors and precipitants, may be necessary, but there exists no accepted method of grouping delirium into distinct etiologic subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To conduct a systematic review to identify potential predisposing and precipitating factors associated with delirium in adult patients agnostic to setting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Review<\/jats:title>\n \n A literature search was performed of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO from database inception to December 2021 using search Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms\n consciousness disorders<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n confusion<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n causality<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n disease susceptibility<\/jats:italic>\n , with constraints of cohort or case-control studies. Two reviewers selected studies that met the following criteria for inclusion: published in English, prospective cohort or case-control study, at least 50 participants, delirium assessment in person by a physician or trained research personnel using a reference standard, and results including a multivariable model to identify independent factors associated with delirium.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Findings<\/jats:title>\n A total of 315 studies were included with a mean (SD) Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score of 8.3 (0.8) out of 9. Across 101\u202f144 patients (50\u202f006 [50.0%] male and 49\u202f766 [49.1%] female patients) represented (24\u202f015 with delirium), studies reported 33 predisposing and 112 precipitating factors associated with delirium. There was a diversity of factors associated with delirium, with substantial physiological heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this systematic review, a comprehensive list of potential predisposing and precipitating factors associated with delirium was found across all clinical settings. These findings may be used to inform more precise study of delirium\u2019s heterogeneous pathophysiology and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.49950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T11:37:22Z","timestamp":1673005042000},"page":"e2249950","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":335,"title":["Predisposing and Precipitating Factors Associated With Delirium"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Cora H.","family":"Ormseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara C.","family":"LaHue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Oldham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Andrew","family":"Josephson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evans","family":"Whitaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanja C.","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"zoi221417r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.14.1753","article-title":"Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit.","volume":"291","author":"Ely","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9920","key":"zoi221417r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1","article-title":"Delirium in elderly people.","volume":"383","author":"Inouye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.6857","article-title":"Postoperative delirium: a 76-year-old woman with delirium following surgery.","volume":"308","author":"Marcantonio","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.4","article-title":"One-year health care costs associated with delirium in the elderly population.","volume":"168","author":"Leslie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1013","article-title":"Delirium in elderly patients and the risk of postdischarge mortality, institutionalization, and dementia: a meta-analysis.","volume":"304","author":"Witlox","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.04.002","article-title":"Refining delirium: a transtheoretical model of delirium disorder with preliminary neurophysiologic subtypes.","volume":"26","author":"Oldham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00223-4","article-title":"Delirium.","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.05.020","article-title":"Delirium phenomenology: what can we learn from the symptoms of delirium?","volume":"65","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft148","article-title":"New horizons in the pathogenesis, assessment and management of delirium.","volume":"42","author":"Maclullich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1177\/089198879801100305","article-title":"Relationship between etiology and phenomenologic profile in delirium.","volume":"11","author":"Meagher","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2008.06.004","article-title":"Pathoetiological model of delirium: a comprehensive understanding of the neurobiology of delirium and an evidence-based approach to prevention and treatment.","volume":"24","author":"Maldonado","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003462","article-title":"Subtypes of delirium: a step toward precision medicine.","volume":"46","author":"Stevens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05907-4","article-title":"Updated nomenclature of delirium and acute encephalopathy: statement of ten societies.","volume":"46","author":"Slooter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000863","article-title":"Association of cumulative dose of haloperidol with next-day delirium in older medical ICU patients.","volume":"43","author":"Pisani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201409-1690OC","article-title":"The association between acute respiratory distress syndrome, delirium, and in-hospital mortality in intensive care unit patients.","volume":"191","author":"Hsieh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001813","article-title":"Relationship between African-American race and delirium in the ICU.","volume":"44","author":"Khan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00009-1","article-title":"Cognitive and brain reserve and the risk of postoperative delirium in older patients: analysis of data from a prospective observational study.","volume":"1","author":"Saczynski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14130","article-title":"Cognitive reserve and postoperative delirium in older adults.","volume":"64","author":"Tow","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2008.56.issue-8","article-title":"Participation in activity and risk for incident delirium.","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"zoi221417r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.680672","article-title":"Subjective cognitive decline may be associated with post-operative delirium in patients undergoing total hip replacement: the PNDABLE study.","volume":"13","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-018-3718-2","article-title":"Incidence and clinical significance of postoperative delirium after brain tumor surgery.","volume":"160","author":"Budenas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.v16:4","article-title":"Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications.","volume":"16","author":"Galanakis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4681-2","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of subsyndromal delirium after curative resection of gastric cancer.","volume":"18","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-018-0481-0","article-title":"Hypertension, mitral valve disease, atrial fibrillation and low education level predict delirium and worst outcome after cardiac surgery in older adults.","volume":"18","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.12.1307","article-title":"Does educational attainment contribute to risk for delirium: a potential role for cognitive reserve.","volume":"61","author":"Jones","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3182487680","article-title":"Sleep quality and its association with delirium among veterans enrolled in hospice.","volume":"20","author":"Slatore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195749","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease-related non-motor features as risk factors for post-operative delirium in spinal surgery.","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14685","article-title":"Sleep disruption at home as an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium.","volume":"65","author":"Todd","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31824b94fc","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and incidence of postoperative delirium after elective knee replacement in the nondemented elderly.","volume":"116","author":"Flink","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0477-1","article-title":"Sleep-disordered breathing is a risk factor for delirium after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"18","author":"Roggenbach","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"zoi221417r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20736","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20736","article-title":"Association between serum IGF-I levels and postoperative delirium in elderly subjects undergoing elective knee arthroplasty.","volume":"6","author":"Yen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afx042","article-title":"Observational cohort study examining apolipoprotein E status and preoperative neuropsychological performance as predictors of post-operative delirium in an older elective arthroplasty population.","volume":"46","author":"Cunningham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy112","article-title":"Pain and delirium in people with dementia in the acute general hospital setting.","volume":"47","author":"Feast","year":"2018","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)00006-6","article-title":"Effect of preoperative pain and depressive symptoms on the development of postoperative delirium.","volume":"1","author":"Kosar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0694-x","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in critically ill surgical patients: incidence, risk factors, and predictive scores.","volume":"19","author":"Chaiwat","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s11739-013-0968-0","article-title":"Delirium in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards.","volume":"9","author":"Fortini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intern Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R238","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9393","article-title":"High serum cortisol level is associated with increased risk of delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"14","author":"Mu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt323","article-title":"Delirium after cardiac surgery: incidence and risk factors.","volume":"17","author":"Smulter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"zoi221417r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1051\/sicotj\/2018018","article-title":"Risk factors for onset of delirium after neck of femur fracture surgery: a prospective observational study.","volume":"4","author":"Tahir","year":"2018","journal-title":"SICOT J"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2017.004","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for delirium development in ICU patients\u2014a prospective observational study.","volume":"161","author":"Kanova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.1.M76","article-title":"Relationship between pain and opioid analgesics on the development of delirium following hip fracture.","volume":"58","author":"Morrison","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430701302490","article-title":"Incidence and precipitating factors of delirium after coronary artery bypass grafting.","volume":"41","author":"Norkiene","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2013.01.069","article-title":"Does preoperative risk for delirium moderate the effects of postoperative pain and opiate use on postoperative delirium?","volume":"21","author":"Leung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610204000365","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium in the elderly after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"16","author":"Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2012.60.issue-4","article-title":"High preoperative plasma neopterin predicts delirium after cardiac surgery in older adults.","volume":"60","author":"Osse","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt304","article-title":"Pre-existing cerebral infarcts as a risk factor for delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"17","author":"Otomo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"zoi221417r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/835850","article-title":"Complex assessment of the incidence and risk factors of delirium in a large cohort of cardiac surgery patients: a single-center 6-year experience.","volume":"2013","author":"Krzych","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2654","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of delirium in long-term care.","volume":"26","author":"McCusker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.197841","article-title":"Delirium after cardiac surgery: a pilot study from a single tertiary referral center.","volume":"20","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Card Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.07.032","article-title":"Risk factors and prevalence of perioperative cognitive dysfunction in abdominal aneurysm patients.","volume":"42","author":"Benoit","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.02.026","article-title":"Independent vascular and cognitive risk factors for postoperative delirium.","volume":"120","author":"Rudolph","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/psy.2006.6.issue-2","article-title":"Predicting post-operative delirium in elderly patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture.","volume":"6","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850.e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.08.012","article-title":"Impact of polypharmacy on occurrence of delirium in elderly emergency patients.","volume":"15","author":"Hein","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499017739485","article-title":"Risk factors and clinical outcomes of delirium in osteoporotic hip fractures.","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.02.016","article-title":"The incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative delirium in geriatric patients undergoing surgery for suspected gynecologic malignancies.","volume":"109","author":"McAlpine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200405000-00010","article-title":"Low incidence of delirium in very old patients after surgery for hip fractures.","volume":"12","author":"Kagansky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1186\/cc1044","article-title":"Predisposing factors for delirium in the surgical intensive care unit.","volume":"5","author":"Aldemir","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.07.037","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium after major trauma.","volume":"196","author":"Angles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6843","article-title":"Risk factors and incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients after elective and emergency surgery.","volume":"97","author":"Ansaloni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezr031","article-title":"Preoperative and operative predictors of delirium after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.","volume":"41","author":"Bakker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r64","first-page":"CR286","article-title":"Atrial fibrillation as a nonpsychiatric predictor of delirium after cardiac surgery: a pilot study.","volume":"14","author":"Banach","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2018.1523881","article-title":"Role of perceived stress in postoperative delirium: an investigation among elderly patients.","volume":"24","author":"Banjongrewadee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12143","article-title":"Association between intraoperative blood transfusions and early postoperative delirium in older adults.","volume":"61","author":"Behrends","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2017.65.issue-1","article-title":"Unraveling the relationship between delirium, brain damage, and subsequent cognitive decline in a cohort of individuals undergoing surgery for hip fracture.","volume":"65","author":"Beishuizen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1007\/s43678-020-00004-8","article-title":"Predictors of delirium in older patients at the emergency department: a prospective multicentre derivation study.","volume":"23","author":"B\u00e9land","year":"2021","journal-title":"CJEM"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.09.003","article-title":"Diagnosis of overweight or obese malnutrition spells DOOM for hip fracture patients: a prospective audit.","volume":"40","author":"Bell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03575.x","article-title":"Cortisol, insulin, and glucose and the risk of delirium in older adults with hip fracture.","volume":"59","author":"Bisschop","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14103","article-title":"Length of stay in the emergency department and occurrence of delirium in older medical patients.","volume":"64","author":"Bo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000077920.38307.5f","article-title":"Predicting delirium after vascular surgery: a model based on pre- and intraoperative data.","volume":"238","author":"B\u00f6hner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181c1cfc9","article-title":"Impaired mobility, ASA status and administration of tramadol are risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients aged 75 years or more after major abdominal surgery.","volume":"251","author":"Brouquet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-010-9446-6","article-title":"A prospective cohort study evaluating associations among delirium, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and apolipoprotein E genotype following open aortic repair.","volume":"58","author":"Bryson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2010.01.003","article-title":"Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for postoperative delirium after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.","volume":"24","author":"Burkhart","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-0294-6","article-title":"Delirium in the first days of acute stroke.","volume":"251","author":"Caeiro","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.2004.11.issue-10","article-title":"Delirium in acute stroke: a preliminary study of the role of anticholinergic medications.","volume":"11","author":"Caeiro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1177\/1474515119886155","article-title":"Preoperative cardiac function parameters as valuable predictors for nurses to recognise delirium after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"19","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.11.008","article-title":"Dynamic cerebral autoregulation: a marker of post-operative delirium?","volume":"130","author":"Caldas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872014000700002","article-title":"Development and validation of a clinical predictive model for delirium in hospitalized older people. Riesgo de delirium durante la hospitalizaci\u00f3n en personas mayores: desarrollo y validaci\u00f3n de un modelo de predicci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica.","volume":"142","author":"Carrasco G","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Med Chil"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.02.024","article-title":"Brain atrophy and white-matter hyperintensities are not significantly associated with incidence and severity of postoperative delirium in older persons without dementia.","volume":"36","author":"Cavallari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"zoi221417r82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww010","article-title":"Neural substrates of vulnerability to postsurgical delirium as revealed by presurgical diffusion MRI.","volume":"139","author":"Cavallari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afr053","article-title":"Low preoperative plasma cholinesterase activity as a risk marker of postoperative delirium in elderly patients.","volume":"40","author":"Cerejeira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2021.02.001","article-title":"Association of depressive symptoms with postoperative delirium and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease among hip fracture patients.","volume":"29","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi221417r85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2017.03.008","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for postoperative delirium in total joint arthroplasty patients: a prospective study.","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"40","key":"zoi221417r86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200617163857","article-title":"Preoperative circulating MiR-210, a risk factor for postoperative delirium among elderly patients with gastric cancer undergoing curative resection.","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.07.074","article-title":"Modified frailty index independently predicts postoperative delirium and delayed neurocognitive recovery after elective total joint arthroplasty.","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"22","key":"zoi221417r88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015906","article-title":"Moderate hypercapnia may not contribute to postoperative delirium in patients undergoing bronchoscopic intervention.","volume":"98","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.v34.6","article-title":"Intraoperative blood transfusion predicts postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"34","author":"Chou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi221417r90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.01034","article-title":"Vitamin D and delirium in older adults: a case-control study in geriatric acute care unit.","volume":"11","author":"Chou\u00ebt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"zoi221417r91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2015.08.006","article-title":"Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment as a useful method of predicting the development of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.","volume":"38","author":"Chu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2011.59.issue-10","article-title":"Subsyndromal delirium in older long-term care residents: incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.","volume":"59","author":"Cole","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2012.07.001","article-title":"Relation of serum cortisol to delirium occurring after acute coronary syndromes.","volume":"31","author":"Colkesen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1099-1166","article-title":"Postoperative delirium after elective orthopedic surgery.","volume":"20","author":"Cont\u00edn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002684","article-title":"CSF beta-amyloid 1-42 concentration predicts delirium following elective arthroplasty surgery in an observational cohort study.","volume":"269","author":"Cunningham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"190","key":"zoi221417r96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.2010.122.issue-s190","article-title":"Delirium in acute stroke--prevalence and risk factors.","author":"Dahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand Suppl"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.v27.8","article-title":"Relationship between pain, opioid treatment, and delirium in older emergency department patients.","volume":"27","author":"Daoust","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.2021.v111i10.15628","article-title":"Delirium in HIV-infected patients admitted to acute medical wards post universal access to antiretrovirals in South Africa.","volume":"111","author":"Day","year":"2021","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"zoi221417r99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2020.110158","article-title":"Development and validation of a delirium risk prediction preoperative model for cardiac surgery patients (DELIPRECAS): an observational multicentre study.","volume":"69","author":"de la Varga-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2006.11.013","article-title":"Cytokines and acute phase response in delirium.","volume":"62","author":"de Rooij","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2008.56.issue-12","article-title":"Is preoperative anxiety and depression associated with onset of delirium after cardiac surgery in older patients: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"56","author":"Detroyer","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.03.2098","article-title":"Higher C-reactive protein levels predict postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing major elective surgery: a longitudinal nested case-control study.","volume":"81","author":"Dillon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.v8.9","article-title":"The AWOL tool: derivation and validation of a delirium prediction rule.","volume":"8","author":"Douglas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r104","first-page":"519","article-title":"Prevalence and outcome of delirium among acute general medical inpatients in Cape Town, South Africa.","volume":"110","author":"Du Plooy","year":"2020","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066617698646","article-title":"Modifiable risk factors for delirium in critically ill trauma patients: a multicenter prospective study.","volume":"34","author":"Duceppe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e149","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14428","article-title":"A simple tool to predict development of delirium after elective surgery.","volume":"64","author":"Dworkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1159\/000017163","article-title":"Clinical profile of delirium in patients treated for femoral neck fractures.","volume":"10","author":"Edlund","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2001.49261.x","article-title":"Delirium before and after operation for femoral neck fracture.","volume":"49","author":"Edlund","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988706286509","article-title":"Delirium in older patients admitted to general internal medicine.","volume":"19","author":"Edlund","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi221417r110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1159\/000366410","article-title":"Neopterin: a potential biomarker for delirium in elderly patients.","volume":"39","author":"Egberts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"zoi221417r111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA","article-title":"Differences in potential biomarkers of delirium between acutely ill medical and elective cardiac surgery patients.","volume":"14","author":"Egberts","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.12.043","article-title":"Comparison of frequency, risk factors, and time course of postoperative delirium in octogenarians after transcatheter aortic valve implantation versus surgical aortic valve replacement.","volume":"115","author":"Eide","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000251925.18961.CA","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E4 polymorphism as a genetic predisposition to delirium in critically ill patients.","volume":"35","author":"Ely","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"zoi221417r114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2018.10.008","article-title":"Development and validation of a dynamic delirium prediction rule in patients admitted to the intensive care units (DYNAMIC-ICU): a prospective cohort study.","volume":"93","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1097-0142","article-title":"Delirium in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","volume":"95","author":"Fann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.28.4521","article-title":"Pre- and post-transplantation risk factors for delirium onset and severity in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.","volume":"29","author":"Fann","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"zoi221417r117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.641104","article-title":"Relationship between cerebral hemodynamics, tissue oxygen saturation, and delirium in patients with septic shock: a pilot observational cohort study.","volume":"8","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.v8.9","article-title":"Delirium superimposed on dementia is associated with prolonged length of stay and poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults.","volume":"8","author":"Fick","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.1995.43.issue-2","article-title":"A simple model for predicting postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery.","volume":"43","author":"Fisher","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13383","article-title":"Neuropsychological profiles of an elderly cohort undergoing elective surgery and the relationship between cognitive performance and delirium.","volume":"63","author":"Fong","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M99","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/50A.2.M99","article-title":"Benzodiazepine use as a cause of cognitive impairment in elderly hospital inpatients.","volume":"50","author":"Foy","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2010.22.3.329","article-title":"Relationship between cognitive status at admission and incident delirium in older medical inpatients.","volume":"22","author":"Franco","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afi099","article-title":"Prediction of delirium in fractured neck of femur as part of routine preoperative nursing care.","volume":"34","author":"Freter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.5770\/cgj.18.185","article-title":"Risk of pre-and post-operative delirium and the Delirium Elderly At Risk (DEAR) tool in hip fracture patients.","volume":"18","author":"Freter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can Geriatr J"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2678-x","article-title":"Associations of markers of inflammation and coagulation with delirium during critical illness.","volume":"38","author":"Girard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30062-6","article-title":"Clinical phenotypes of delirium during critical illness and severity of subsequent long-term cognitive impairment: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"6","author":"Girard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2018.02.032","article-title":"Frailty assessment to help predict patients at risk of delirium when consulting the emergency department.","volume":"55","author":"Giroux","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afaa001","article-title":"Incidence, determinants and consequences of delirium in older patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.","volume":"49","author":"Goudzwaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31819b5ba6","article-title":"Measures of executive function and depression identify patients at risk for postoperative delirium.","volume":"110","author":"Greene","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.09.005","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and consequences of emergence delirium after elective.","volume":"20","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi221417r131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1159\/000485794","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes of delirium in older patients admitted to postacute care with and without dementia.","volume":"45","author":"Gual","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060515624936","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in elderly hip fracture patients.","volume":"44","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e370","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0000000000000397","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in severely burned patients undergoing early escharotomy: incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.","volume":"38","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0636-1","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of neopterin are elevated in delirium after hip fracture.","volume":"13","author":"Hall","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.19m12865","article-title":"Real-world effectiveness of ramelteon and suvorexant for delirium prevention in 948 patients with delirium risk factors.","volume":"81","author":"Hatta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi221417r136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2019.12.010","article-title":"Association of neuronal repair biomarkers with delirium among survivors of critical illness.","volume":"56","author":"Hayhurst","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-020-02908-2","article-title":"Association between increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and postoperative delirium in elderly patients with total hip arthroplasty for hip fracture.","volume":"20","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00859","article-title":"Abnormal mini-cog is associated with higher risk of complications and delirium in geriatric patients with fracture.","volume":"98","author":"Heng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-018-1331-1","article-title":"CSF sTREM2 in delirium-relation to Alzheimer\u2019s disease CSF biomarkers A\u00df42, t-tau and p-tau.","volume":"15","author":"Henjum","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu458","article-title":"Impact of intraoperative hypotension and blood pressure fluctuations on early postoperative delirium after non-cardiac surgery.","volume":"115","author":"Hirsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"zoi221417r141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2021.06.004","article-title":"Development of an early prediction model for postoperative delirium in neurosurgical patients admitted to the ICU after elective craniotomy (E-PREPOD-NS): a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.","volume":"90","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31827bd193","article-title":"Association between endothelial dysfunction and acute brain dysfunction during critical illness.","volume":"118","author":"Hughes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e809","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001739","article-title":"Endothelial activation and blood-brain barrier injury as risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients.","volume":"44","author":"Hughes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02100-5","article-title":"Delirium in older patients undergoing aortic valve replacement: incidence, predictors, and cognitive prognosis.","volume":"21","author":"Humbert","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-1449-8","article-title":"Incidence of and risk factors for postoperative delirium in older adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a prospective study.","volume":"20","author":"Iamaroon","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160461","article-title":"Preclinical amyloid-\u00df and axonal degeneration pathology in delirium.","volume":"55","author":"Idland","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00005","article-title":"A predictive model for delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients based on admission characteristics.","volume":"119","author":"Inouye","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530350034031","article-title":"Precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly persons: predictive model and interrelationship with baseline vulnerability.","volume":"275","author":"Inouye","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"13","key":"zoi221417r149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.13.1406","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium at discharge: development and validation of a predictive model.","volume":"167","author":"Inouye","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318211501b","article-title":"Cognitive and functional predictors and sequelae of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective joint arthroplasty.","volume":"112","author":"Jankowski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1159\/000095126","article-title":"Is anaemia a risk factor for delirium in an acute geriatric population?","volume":"52","author":"Joosten","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"zoi221417r152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-14-1","article-title":"Prevalence of frailty and its ability to predict in hospital delirium, falls, and 6-month mortality in hospitalized older patients.","volume":"14","author":"Joosten","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2009.57.issue-8","article-title":"Risk factors for preoperative and postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture.","volume":"57","author":"Julieb\u00f8","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/(ISSN)1532-5415","article-title":"Risk factors and prediction of postoperative delirium in elderly hip-surgery patients: implementation and validation of a medical risk factor model.","volume":"54","author":"Kalisvaart","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9232","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66276-3","article-title":"Incidence & risk factors of postoperative delirium after spinal surgery in older patients.","volume":"10","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.02.009","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of delirium after cardiac surgery: Results from the IPDACS study.","volume":"69","author":"Kazmierski","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R38","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12548","article-title":"Cortisol levels and neuropsychiatric diagnosis as markers of postoperative delirium: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"17","author":"Kazmierski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610213002378","article-title":"Raised IL-2 and TNF-a concentrations are associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoing coronary-artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"26","author":"Kazmierski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi221417r159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1159\/000357454","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment with associated inflammatory and cortisol alterations as independent risk factor for postoperative delirium.","volume":"38","author":"Kazmierski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2014.06.002","article-title":"The assessment of the T102C polymorphism of the 5HT2a receptor gene, 3723G\/A polymorphism of the NMDA receptor 3A subunit gene (GRIN3A) and 421C\/A polymorphism of the NMDA receptor 2B subunit gene (GRIN2B) among cardiac surgery patients with and without delirium.","volume":"36","author":"Kazmierski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12692","article-title":"Delirium risk prediction, healthcare use and mortality of elderly adults in the emergency department.","volume":"62","author":"Kennedy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004139","article-title":"Biomarkers of delirium duration and delirium severity in the ICU.","volume":"48","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.03.006","article-title":"Time trends of delirium rates in the intensive care unit.","volume":"49","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003072","article-title":"DeLirium Prediction Based on Hospital Information (Delphi) in general surgery patients.","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"zoi221417r165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2020.102844","article-title":"Risk factors and outcomes of sepsis-associated delirium in intensive care unit patients: a secondary data analysis.","volume":"59","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs"},{"issue":"18","key":"zoi221417r166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.v12i18","article-title":"Effect of hypertension and medication use regularity on postoperative delirium after maxillofacial tumors radical surgery.","volume":"12","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"zoi221417r167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-5-6","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium in acutely admitted elderly patients: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"5","author":"Korevaar","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2017.17.issue-6","article-title":"Screening for postoperative delirium in patients with acute hip fracture: assessment of predictive factors.","volume":"17","author":"Koskderelioglu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"zoi221417r169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.660510","article-title":"Towards a predictive model for post-stroke delirium.","volume":"26","author":"Kostalova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3837","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9123837","article-title":"Elevated procalcitonin as a risk factor for postoperative delirium in the elderly after cardiac surgery\u2014a prospective observational study.","volume":"9","author":"Kupiec","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"zoi221417r171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/491780","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for delirium among mechanically ventilated patients in an African intensive care setting: an observational multicenter study.","volume":"2015","author":"Kwizera","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Res Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2010.02400.x","article-title":"Intracranial cause of delirium: computed tomography yield and predictive factors.","volume":"42","author":"Lai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03725.x","article-title":"Predisposing factors for postoperative delirium after hip fracture repair in individuals with and without dementia.","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1806-1","article-title":"Frequency, risk factors, and prognosis of prolonged delirium in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery.","volume":"469","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.v67.11","article-title":"Physical activity and risk of postoperative delirium.","volume":"67","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.12.1563","article-title":"Are preoperative depressive symptoms associated with postoperative delirium in geriatric surgical patients?","volume":"60","author":"Leung","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000278905.07899.df","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E e4 allele increases the risk of early postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.","volume":"107","author":"Leung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e31820c7c06","article-title":"Brief report: preoperative frailty in older surgical patients is associated with early postoperative delirium.","volume":"112","author":"Leung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1992.00400140082019","article-title":"Delirium: the occurrence and persistence of symptoms among elderly hospitalized patients.","volume":"152","author":"Levkoff","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"zoi221417r180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1159\/000479058","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium in older medical inpatients in Tanzania.","volume":"44","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"zoi221417r181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2017.05.002","article-title":"Low plasma leptin level at admission predicts delirium in critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"93","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jnr.0000000000000384","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for delirium in older patients following intensive care unit admission: a prospective observational study.","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2014.1645","article-title":"Developing a prediction model for post-operative delirium and long-term outcomes among older patients receiving elective orthopedic surgery: a prospective cohort study in Taiwan.","volume":"18","author":"Liang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-020-01217-9","article-title":"Risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with triple-branched stent graft implantation.","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-020-01166-9","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid cholinergic biomarkers are associated with postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing total hip\/knee replacement: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2015.1035695","article-title":"Delirium in critical care: a study of incidence, prevalence, and associated factors in the tertiary care hospital of older Thai adults.","volume":"20","author":"Limpawattana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1099-1166","article-title":"Predicting postoperative delirium severity in older adults: the role of surgical risk and executive function.","volume":"34","author":"Lindroth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(01)00117-7","article-title":"Preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium.","volume":"23","author":"Litaker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.4103\/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_37_19","article-title":"Age, preoperative higher serum cortisol levels, and lower serum acetylcholine levels predict delirium after percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndrome patients accompanied with renal dysfunction.","volume":"62","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-021-01271-3","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety predicted the incidence of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"21","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004773","article-title":"Frailty is associated with postoperative delirium but not with postoperative cognitive decline in older noncardiac surgery patients.","volume":"130","author":"Mahanna-Gabrielli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"19","key":"zoi221417r192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520190064036","article-title":"The relationship of postoperative delirium with psychoactive medications.","volume":"272","author":"Marcantonio","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00292-7","article-title":"The association of intraoperative factors with the development of postoperative delirium.","volume":"105","author":"Marcantonio","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610200006244","article-title":"Development of delirium: a prospective cohort study in a community hospital.","volume":"12","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001599","article-title":"Derivation and validation of a clinical prediction rule for delirium in patients admitted to a medical ward: an observational study.","volume":"2","author":"Martinez","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.v9.1","article-title":"Reversibility of delirium in Ill-hospitalized cancer patients: does underlying etiology matter?","volume":"9","author":"Matsuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2016.0323","article-title":"Predictors of delirium in corticosteroid-treated patients with advanced cancer: an exploratory, multicenter, prospective, observational study.","volume":"20","author":"Matsuo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Palliat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2017.65.issue-6","article-title":"Association between preoperative malnutrition and postoperative delirium after hip fracture surgery in older adults.","volume":"65","author":"Mazzola","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2007.55.issue-5","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and the risk of incident delirium in older hospitalized adults.","volume":"55","author":"McAvay","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afp038","article-title":"The course of delirium in acute stroke.","volume":"38","author":"McManus","year":"2009","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0579.2003.00201.x","article-title":"Delirium in the intensive care unit: occurrence and clinical course in older patients.","volume":"51","author":"McNicoll","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31826ab49b","article-title":"Delirium in the cardiovascular ICU: exploring modifiable risk factors.","volume":"41","author":"McPherson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2013.06.006","article-title":"Delirium in older people after proximal femoral fracture repair: role of a preoperative screening cognitive test.","volume":"32","author":"M\u00e9zi\u00e8re","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.192764","article-title":"Neopterin and mini-mental state examination scores, two independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with open abdominal surgery.","volume":"14","author":"Miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2013.13.issue-1","article-title":"Incidence of post-stroke delirium and 1-year outcome.","volume":"13","author":"Miu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2016.16.issue-5","article-title":"Delirium among elderly patients admitted to a post-acute care facility and 3-months outcome.","volume":"16","author":"Miu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0336-9","article-title":"Delirium is not associated with anticholinergic burden or polypharmacy in older patients on admission to an acute hospital: an observational case control study.","volume":"16","author":"Moorey","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610210002486","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-1 and delirium in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients: a preliminary investigation.","volume":"23","author":"Morandi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2012.06.011","article-title":"Vitamin D and delirium in critically ill patients: a preliminary investigation.","volume":"28","author":"Morandi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000398","article-title":"Statins and delirium during critical illness: a multicenter, prospective cohort study.","volume":"42","author":"Morandi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1590\/S0080-623420160000500007","article-title":"Incidence and factors related to delirium in an intensive care unit.","volume":"50","author":"Mori","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Esc Enferm USP"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r212","first-page":"423","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of acute delirium in older patients with hip fracture in Siriraj Hospital.","volume":"98","author":"Muangpaisan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180641","article-title":"Perioperative hemodynamics and risk for delirium and new onset dementia in hip fracture patients; a prospective follow-up study.","volume":"12","author":"Neerland","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.18080195","article-title":"Association of COMT val158met polymorphism with delirium risk and outcomes after traumatic brain injury.","volume":"31","author":"Nekrosius","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aet167","article-title":"Evaluation of two delirium screening tools for detecting post-operative delirium in the elderly.","volume":"111","author":"Neufeld","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0359-8","article-title":"Methodologic considerations in the design and analysis of nested case-control studies: association between cytokines and postoperative delirium.","volume":"17","author":"Ngo","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2011.09.012","article-title":"Pain and cognitive dysfunction are the risk factors of delirium in elderly hip fracture Chinese patients.","volume":"54","author":"Nie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2015.08.007","article-title":"Incidence and impact of delirium on clinical and functional outcomes in older patients hospitalized for acute cardiac diseases.","volume":"170","author":"Noriega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180178","article-title":"Predictors of delirium development in older medical inpatients: readily identifiable factors at admission","volume":"64","author":"O\u2019Regan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14243","article-title":"Sex differences in hip fracture surgery: preoperative risk factors for delirium and postoperative outcomes.","volume":"64","author":"Oh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"zoi221417r221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.02.039","article-title":"Stroke severity predicts poststroke delirium and its association with dementia: longitudinal observation from a low income setting.","volume":"375","author":"Ojagbemi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.12.025","article-title":"Depression predicts delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery independent of cognitive impairment and cerebrovascular disease: an analysis of the neuropsychiatric outcomes after heart surgery study.","volume":"27","author":"Oldham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200601000-00005","article-title":"Lorazepam is an independent risk factor for transitioning to delirium in intensive care unit patients.","volume":"104","author":"Pandharipande","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1573-6","article-title":"Plasma tryptophan and tyrosine levels are independent risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients.","volume":"35","author":"Pandharipande","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743716652401","article-title":"Smoking cessation and the risk of hyperactive delirium in hospitalized patients: a retrospective study.","volume":"61","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8782-2","article-title":"Frequency and predictors of post-stroke delirium in Prospective Observational Polish Study (PROPOLIS).","volume":"265","author":"Pasinska","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s13304-020-00887-3","article-title":"Graft factors as determinants of postoperative delirium after liver transplantation.","volume":"72","author":"Patrono","year":"2020","journal-title":"Updates Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003328","article-title":"Electroencephalogram burst-suppression during cardiopulmonary bypass in elderly patients mediates postoperative delirium.","volume":"133","author":"Pedemonte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-007808","article-title":"Observational, longitudinal study of delirium in consecutive unselected acute medical admissions: age-specific rates and associated factors, mortality and re-admission.","volume":"5","author":"Pendlebury","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.06.042","article-title":"Preoperative C-reactive protein\/albumin ratio, a risk factor for postoperative delirium in elderly patients after total joint arthroplasty.","volume":"34","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190391","article-title":"Delirium predisposing and triggering factors in nursing home residents: a cohort trial-nested case-control study.","volume":"70","author":"P\u00e9rez-Ros","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-018-0985-y","article-title":"Surgical delay is a risk factor of delirium in hip fracture patients with mild-moderate cognitive impairment.","volume":"31","author":"Pioli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.v57.3","article-title":"Risk factors and adverse clinical outcomes of postoperative delirium in Thai elderly patients: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"57","author":"Pipanmekaporn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-05974-8","article-title":"Orthogeriatric co-management reduces incidence of delirium in hip fracture patients.","volume":"32","author":"Pollmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.1994.42.issue-8","article-title":"Delirium in hospitalized older persons: outcomes and predictors.","volume":"42","author":"Pompei","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666191227153150","article-title":"Postoperative serum albumin decrease independently predicts delirium in the elderly subjects after total joint arthroplasty.","volume":"26","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.05.034","article-title":"Delirium in the acute phase of ischemic stroke: incidence, risk factors, and effects on functional outcome.","volume":"27","author":"Qu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"zoi221417r238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.07.010","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s-related cortical atrophy is associated with postoperative delirium severity in persons without dementia.","volume":"59","author":"Racine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2015.15.issue-7","article-title":"Estimating the effect of incident delirium on short-term outcomes in aged hip fracture patients through propensity score analysis.","volume":"15","author":"Radinovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.06.026","article-title":"Impact of intraoperative blood pressure, blood pressure fluctuation, and pulse pressure on postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"50","author":"Radinovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03324841","article-title":"Delirium in a sub-intensive care unit for the elderly: occurrence and risk factors.","volume":"18","author":"Ranhoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"zoi221417r242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S257079","article-title":"Physical performance and risk of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing aortic valve replacement.","volume":"15","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"zoi221417r243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5480148","article-title":"Elevated level of serum C-reactive protein predicts postoperative delirium among patients receiving cervical or lumbar surgery.","volume":"2020","author":"Ren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610213002433","article-title":"The association between C-reactive protein and delirium in 710 acute elderly hospital admissions.","volume":"26","author":"Ritchie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.06.006","article-title":"Prognostic value and risk factors of delirium in emergency patients with decompensated heart failure.","volume":"16","author":"Rizzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31818e4776","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in the elderly: risk factors and outcomes.","volume":"249","author":"Robinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2006.54.issue-6","article-title":"Impaired executive function is associated with delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"54","author":"Rudolph","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1177\/0267659109358207","article-title":"Microemboli are not associated with delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.","volume":"24","author":"Rudolph","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"zoi221417r249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4193275","article-title":"Incidence of delirium in critically ill cancer patients.","volume":"2018","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Hurtado","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R218","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10454","article-title":"Preoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation is a predictor of postoperative delirium in on-pump cardiac surgery patients: a prospective observational trial.","volume":"15","author":"Schoen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480060073033","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly.","volume":"267","author":"Schor","year":"1992","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000247","article-title":"Corticosteroids and transition to delirium in patients with acute lung injury.","volume":"42","author":"Schreiber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/2110-5820-2-51","article-title":"Delirium in postoperative nonventilated intensive care patients: risk factors and outcomes.","volume":"2","author":"Serafim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825b8ade","article-title":"Diurnal sedative changes during intensive care: impact on liberation from mechanical ventilation and delirium.","volume":"40","author":"Seymour","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"38","key":"zoi221417r255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5879","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160813234311","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-1, a potential predicative biomarker for postoperative delirium among elderly patients with open abdominal surgery.","volume":"22","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2006.54.issue-8","article-title":"Delirium within three days of stroke in a cohort of elderly patients.","volume":"54","author":"Sheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2015.05.002","article-title":"Prognostic significance of postoperative subsyndromal delirium.","volume":"56","author":"Shim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-1079-z","article-title":"A personality trait contributes to the occurrence of postoperative delirium: a prospective study.","volume":"16","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181d145c5","article-title":"White matter abnormalities as a risk factor for postoperative delirium revealed by diffusion tensor imaging.","volume":"18","author":"Shioiri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2015.09.002","article-title":"A decrease in the volume of gray matter as a risk factor for postoperative delirium revealed by an Atlas-based method.","volume":"24","author":"Shioiri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03729.x","article-title":"Postoperative opioid consumption and its relationship to cognitive function in older adults with hip fracture.","volume":"59","author":"Sieber","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201603-0476OC","article-title":"Acute kidney injury as a risk factor for delirium and coma during critical illness.","volume":"195","author":"Siew","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s00391-014-0615-z","article-title":"Aspects and assessment of delirium in old age: first data from a German interdisciplinary emergency department.","volume":"47","author":"Singler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2011.59.issue-7","article-title":"Anesthesia and postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing hip surgery.","volume":"59","author":"Slor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.v34.10","article-title":"The trajectory of C-reactive protein serum levels in older hip fracture patients with postoperative delirium.","volume":"34","author":"Slor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2017.08.035","article-title":"Disturbances in oxygen balance during cardiopulmonary bypass: a risk factor for postoperative delirium.","volume":"32","author":"Smulter","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"zoi221417r267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-015-0051-7","article-title":"Intraoperative burst suppression is associated with postoperative delirium following cardiac surgery: a prospective, observational study.","volume":"15","author":"Soehle","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r268","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-019-00385-x","article-title":"Preoperative transcranial Doppler and cerebral oximetry as predictors of delirium following valvular heart surgery: a case-control study.","volume":"34","author":"Soh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Monit Comput"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.5935\/0103-507X.20180010","article-title":"Assessment of delirium using the PRE-DELIRIC model in an intensive care unit in Argentina. Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de delirium com uso do modelo PRE-DELIRIC em uma unidade de terapia intensiva na Argentina.","volume":"30","author":"Sosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ter Intensiva"},{"key":"zoi221417r270","first-page":"S99","article-title":"Risk factors for developing delirium in older patients admitted to general medical wards.","volume":"94","author":"Srinonprasert","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.20471\/acc.2019.58.02.09","article-title":"Prolonged hospitalization is a risk factor for delirium onset: one-day prevalence study in Slovenian intensive care units.","volume":"58","author":"\u0160tubljar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Clin Croat"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r272","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.05.001","article-title":"The effect of preoperative cognitive impairment and type of vascular surgery procedure on postoperative delirium with associated cost implications.","volume":"69","author":"Styra","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003523","article-title":"Brief preoperative screening for frailty and cognitive impairment predicts delirium after spine surgery.","volume":"133","author":"Susano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2012.03.008","article-title":"The association between nurse-administered midazolam following cardiac surgery and incident delirium: an observational study.","volume":"49","author":"Taipale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e318172b418","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of post-cardiotomy delirium.","volume":"16","author":"Tan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-019-02011-w","article-title":"Prediction of postoperative delirium by comprehensive geriatric assessment among elderly patients with hip fracture.","volume":"188","author":"Tao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.v69.3","article-title":"The prognostic performance of frailty for delirium and functional decline in vascular surgery patients.","volume":"69","author":"Thillainadesan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000517510","article-title":"Immune, blood cell, and blood gas biomarkers of delirium in elderly individuals with hip fracture surgery.","volume":"50","author":"Thisayakorn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"zoi221417r279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2147\/POR","article-title":"Perioperative predictors of delirium and incidence factors in adult patients post cardiac surgery.","volume":"9","author":"Theologou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pragmat Obs Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r280","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005197","article-title":"Agreement between the mini-cog in the preoperative clinic and on the day of surgery and association with postanesthesia care unit delirium: a cohort study of cognitive screening in older adults.","volume":"132","author":"Tiwary","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r281","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2020.03.011","article-title":"The prevalence and impact of undiagnosed mild cognitive impairment in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"34","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r282","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80412-z","article-title":"Targeted metabolomics analysis of postoperative delirium.","volume":"11","author":"Tripp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r283","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.01.021","article-title":"Delirium and coma evaluated in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit in Japan: a multi-institutional prospective observational study.","volume":"29","author":"Tsuruta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r284","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Depression, anxiety disorders and type D personality as risk factors for delirium after cardiac surgery.","volume":"44","author":"Tully","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r285","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hyv100","article-title":"Prevalence, course and factors associated with delirium in elderly patients with advanced cancer: a longitudinal observational study.","volume":"45","author":"Uchida","year":"2015","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r286","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.2010.46.issue-2","article-title":"Delirium following acute myocardial infarction: incidence, clinical profiles, and predictors.","volume":"46","author":"Uguz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r287","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.12.1.57","article-title":"Is delirium after cardiac surgery related to plasma amino acids and physical condition?","volume":"12","author":"van der Mast","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi221417r288","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.v67.11","article-title":"Delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation under general anesthesia: incidence, predictors, and relation to long-term survival.","volume":"67","author":"van der Wulp","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2016.16.issue-8","article-title":"Is preoperative state anxiety a risk factor for postoperative delirium among elderly hip fracture patients?","volume":"16","author":"Van Grootven","year":"2016","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi221417r290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2008.56.issue-9","article-title":"Time-course of cytokines during delirium in elderly patients with hip fractures.","volume":"56","author":"van Munster","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r291","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.v25:3","article-title":"Serum S100B in elderly patients with and without delirium.","volume":"25","author":"van Munster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r292","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30943","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in the DRD2, DRD3, and SLC6A3 gene in elderly patients with delirium.","volume":"153B","author":"van Munster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r293","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2010.05.010","article-title":"Cortisol, interleukins and S100B in delirium in the elderly.","volume":"74","author":"van Munster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r294","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.06.015","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of serum anticholinergic activity in delirium of the elderly.","volume":"46","author":"van Munster","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r295","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e109","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2017.65.issue-8","article-title":"High C-reactive protein predicts delirium incidence, duration, and feature severity after major noncardiac surgery.","volume":"65","author":"Vasunilashorn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r296","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.09.007","article-title":"The Association between C-reactive protein and postoperative delirium differs by catechol-o-methyltransferase genotype.","volume":"27","author":"Vasunilashorn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r297","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000199156.59226.af","article-title":"Postoperative delirium: the importance of pain and pain management.","volume":"102","author":"Vaurio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r298","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03324686","article-title":"Pre-operative mild cognitive dysfunction predicts risk for post-operative delirium after elective cardiac surgery.","volume":"19","author":"Veliz-Reissm\u00fcller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"zoi221417r299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA","article-title":"Association between frailty and delirium in older adult patients discharged from hospital.","volume":"11","author":"Verloo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r300","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161020300958X","article-title":"Incidence of delirium, risk factors, and long-term survival of elderly patients hospitalized in a medical specialty teaching hospital in Mexico City.","volume":"15","author":"Villalpando-Berumen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"zoi221417r301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2020.04.062","article-title":"Anticholinergic drug exposure at intensive care unit admission affects the occurrence of delirium: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"78","author":"Vondeling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-018-4761-0","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety as a predictor of delirium in cancer patients: a prospective observational cohort study.","volume":"43","author":"Wada","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"zoi221417r303","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.927763","article-title":"Association of carotid plaque and serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2) with postoperative delirium in geriatric patients undergoing hip replacement: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"26","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"zoi221417r304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.2018.27.issue-1pt2","article-title":"Risk factors for the incidence of delirium in cerebrovascular patients in a neurosurgery intensive care unit: a prospective study.","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0000000000001074","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients admitted to the ICU after elective intracranial surgery: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r306","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.v26.4","article-title":"Establishment and validation of a delirium prediction model for neurosurgery patients in intensive care.","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"zoi221417r307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9959077","article-title":"Development and validation of a postoperative delirium prediction model for elderly orthopedic patients in the intensive care unit.","volume":"2021","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r308","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005482","article-title":"Midazolam premedication immediately before surgery is not associated with early postoperative delirium.","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r309","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12612","article-title":"Anticholinergic activity in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in individuals with hip fracture with and without delirium.","volume":"62","author":"Watne","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"zoi221417r310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0324-0","article-title":"Increased CSF levels of aromatic amino acids in hip fracture patients with delirium suggests higher monoaminergic activity.","volume":"16","author":"Watne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r311","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev256","article-title":"Intraoperative hypotension and delirium after on-pump cardiac surgery.","volume":"115","author":"Wesselink","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1099-1166","article-title":"Plasma insulin growth factor-1 and incident delirium in older people.","volume":"20","author":"Wilson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2011.59.issue-7","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid \u00df-amyloid and tau are not associated with risk of delirium: a prospective cohort study in older adults with hip fracture.","volume":"59","author":"Witlox","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r314","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1159\/000512984","article-title":"Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid cortisol and the risk of postoperative delirium: a prospective study of older hip fracture patients.","volume":"49","author":"Witlox","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"zoi221417r315","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.06.009","article-title":"Low brain tissue oxygenation contributes to the development of delirium in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study.","volume":"41","author":"Wood","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r316","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13741-020-00174-0","article-title":"Perioperative risk factors for recovery room delirium after elective non-cardiovascular surgery under general anaesthesia.","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Perioper Med (Lond)"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.58","article-title":"Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid \u00df-amyloid\/tau ratio and postoperative delirium.","volume":"1","author":"Xie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Clin Transl Neurol"},{"key":"zoi221417r318","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT","article-title":"Risk factors for delirium: are therapeutic interventions part of it?","volume":"15","author":"Xing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r319","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04091-1","article-title":"The risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients with hip fracture: implication for clinical management.","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r320","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.2018.18.issue-12","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of delirium and subsyndromal delirium in Chinese older adults.","volume":"18","author":"Yam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi221417r321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-004-7344-1","article-title":"Risk factors for postoperative delirium after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.","volume":"28","author":"Yoshimura","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"zoi221417r322","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.00067","article-title":"Exosome a-synuclein release in plasma may be associated with postoperative delirium in hip fracture patients.","volume":"12","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r323","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2726-6","article-title":"Intensive care unit environment may affect the course of delirium.","volume":"39","author":"Zaal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"zoi221417r324","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.09.182","article-title":"Preoperative severe hypoalbuminemia is associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium in elderly patients: results of a secondary analysis.","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi221417r325","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-020-02805-8","article-title":"Emergence delirium is associated with increased postoperative delirium in elderly: a prospective observational study.","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02270-2","article-title":"Malnutrition is not related with emergence delirium in older patients after noncardiac surgery.","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r327","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01517-3","article-title":"Incidence, characteristics, and outcomes of delirium in patients with noninvasive ventilation: a prospective observational study.","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi221417r328","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.v20.8","article-title":"Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index can predict postoperative delirium and hospital length of stay in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r329","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02284-w","article-title":"Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of delirium in older internal medicine patients: a prospective cohort study.","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r330","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.v68.7","article-title":"Outcome of older patients with acute neuropsychological symptoms not fulfilling criteria of delirium.","volume":"68","author":"Zipprich","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r331","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01242-2","article-title":"Prospective, multi-centric benchmark study assessing delirium: prevalence, incidence and its correlates in hospitalized elderly Lebanese patients.","volume":"32","author":"Zrour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r332","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001772","article-title":"Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection.","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r333","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890009011770","article-title":"Prevention of delirium in hospitalized older patients: risk factors and targeted intervention strategies.","volume":"32","author":"Inouye","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r334","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2013.10.010","article-title":"Delirium in patients admitted to a cardiac intensive care unit with cardiac emergencies in a developing country: incidence, prevalence, risk factor and outcome.","volume":"36","author":"Lahariya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r335","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1310802","article-title":"Delirium clinical motor subtypes: a narrative review of the literature and insights from neurobiology.","volume":"22","author":"FitzGerald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r336","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951510000672","article-title":"Phenomenology of the subtypes of delirium: phenomenological differences between hyperactive and hypoactive delirium.","volume":"9","author":"Boettger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"key":"zoi221417r337","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.161.6.843","article-title":"An empirical study of delirium subtypes.","volume":"161","author":"Liptzin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r338","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951504040234","article-title":"The delirium subtypes: a review of prevalence, phenomenology, pathophysiology, and treatment response.","volume":"2","author":"Stagno","year":"2004","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_274_17","article-title":"Delirium in intensive care unit: phenomenology, subtypes, and factor structure of symptoms.","volume":"40","author":"Grover","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi221417r341","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.11010009","article-title":"Symptom profile and etiology of delirium in a referral population in northern india: factor analysis of the DRS-R98.","volume":"24","author":"Mattoo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r342","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.23.2.jnp180","article-title":"Phenomenological and neuropsychological profile across motor variants of delirium in a palliative-care unit.","volume":"23","author":"Leonard","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r343","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2007.11.003","article-title":"A comparison of the phenomenology of pediatric, adult, and geriatric delirium.","volume":"64","author":"Leentjens","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r344","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003402","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of delirium subtypes in an adult ICU: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"46","author":"Krewulak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r345","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/28.2.115","article-title":"Clinical significance of delirium subtypes in older people.","volume":"28","author":"O\u2019Keeffe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi221417r346","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.07.003","article-title":"Delirium subtypes and associated characteristics in older patients with exacerbation of chronic conditions.","volume":"26","author":"Gual","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi221417r347","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1017\/S147895151300093X","article-title":"A longitudinal study of delirium phenomenology indicates widespread neural dysfunction.","volume":"13","author":"Leonard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Palliat Support Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2017.65.issue-6","article-title":"Advancing the neurophysiological understanding of delirium.","volume":"65","author":"Shafi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi221417r349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.03.013","article-title":"Acute brain failure: pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and sequelae of delirium.","volume":"33","author":"Maldonado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"issue":"0 2","key":"zoi221417r350","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S256","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.2011.59.issue-s2","article-title":"Biomarkers for delirium\u2014a review.","volume":"59","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi221417r351","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.08.013","article-title":"Role of microglia and toll-like receptor 4 in the pathophysiology of delirium.","volume":"79","author":"Jalleh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi221417r352","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.7779","article-title":"Effectiveness of multicomponent nonpharmacological delirium interventions: a meta-analysis.","volume":"175","author":"Hshieh","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi221417r353","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.12788\/jhm.2900","article-title":"Outcomes following implementation of a hospital-wide, multicomponent delirium care pathway.","volume":"16","author":"LaHue","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hosp Med"},{"key":"zoi221417r11","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Essentials of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences","author":"Trzepacz","year":"2004"},{"key":"zoi221417r12","volume-title":"The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry","author":"Hales","year":"2008","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"zoi221417r339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th ed"},{"key":"zoi221417r16","unstructured":"Wells? GA, Shea? B, O'Connell? D, . The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa Hospital. Accessed November 29, 2022. https:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2800112\/ormseth_2023_oi_221417_1671719816.1052.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T11:37:37Z","timestamp":1673005057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2800112"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]},"references-count":353,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.49950","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]]}}}