{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T20:22:29Z","timestamp":1794428549945,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Incident stroke is associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Whether poststroke vascular risk factor levels are associated with faster cognitive decline is uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate associations of poststroke systolic blood pressure (SBP), glucose, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels with cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n Individual participant data meta-analysis of 4 US cohort studies (conducted 1971-2019). Linear mixed-effects models estimated changes in cognition after incident stroke. Median (IQR) follow-up was 4.7 (2.6-7.9) years. Analysis began August 2021 and was completed March 2023.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n Time-dependent cumulative mean poststroke SBP, glucose, and LDL cholesterol levels.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n \n The primary outcome was change in global cognition. Secondary outcomes were change in executive function and memory. Outcomes were standardized as\n t<\/jats:italic>\n scores (mean [SD], 50 [10]); a 1-point difference represents a 0.1-SD difference in cognition.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 1120 eligible dementia-free individuals with incident stroke were identified; 982 (87.7%) had available covariate data and 138 (12.3%) were excluded for missing covariate data. Of the 982, 480 (48.9%) were female individuals, and 289 (29.4%) were Black individuals. The median age at incident stroke was 74.6 (IQR, 69.1-79.8; range, 44.1-96.4) years. Cumulative mean poststroke SBP and LDL cholesterol levels were not associated with any cognitive outcome. However, after accounting for cumulative mean poststroke SBP and LDL cholesterol levels, higher cumulative mean poststroke glucose level was associated with faster decline in global cognition (\u22120.04 points\/y faster per each 10\u2013mg\/dL increase [95% CI, \u22120.08 to \u22120.001 points\/y];\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.046) but not executive function or memory. After restricting to 798 participants with apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) data and controlling for APOE4 and APOE4\u2009\u00d7\u2009time, higher cumulative mean poststroke glucose level was associated with a faster decline in global cognition in models without and with adjustment for cumulative mean poststroke SBP and LDL cholesterol levels (\u22120.05 points\/y faster per 10\u2013mg\/dL increase [95% CI, \u22120.09 to \u22120.01 points\/y];\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.01; \u22120.07 points\/y faster per 10\u2013mg\/dL increase [95% CI, \u22120.11 to \u22120.03 points\/y];\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.002) but not executive function or memory declines.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this cohort study, higher poststroke glucose levels were associated with faster global cognitive decline. We found no evidence that poststroke LDL cholesterol and SBP levels were associated with cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T11:04:20Z","timestamp":1684321460000},"page":"e2313879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Associations Between Vascular Risk Factor Levels and Cognitive Decline Among Stroke Survivors"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Levine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej T.","family":"Galecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alden L.","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily M.","family":"Brice\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael T.","family":"Whitney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Ploutz-Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno J.","family":"Giordani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Michigan Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy B.","family":"Sussman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James F.","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald M.","family":"Lazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia J.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo J.","family":"Aparicio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexa S.","family":"Beiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell S. V.","family":"Elkind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca F.","family":"Gottesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Koton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah T.","family":"Pendlebury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"},{"name":"NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Departments of Medicine and Geratology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mellanie V.","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Stroke Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer\u2019s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas San Antonio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose R.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodney A.","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Cognitive Health Services Research Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"},{"name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230426r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.6968","article-title":"Trajectory of cognitive decline after incident stroke.","volume":"314","author":"Levine","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30442-3","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of dementia associated with transient ischaemic attack and stroke: analysis of the population-based Oxford Vascular Study.","volume":"18","author":"Pendlebury","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.5080","article-title":"Association of ischemic stroke incidence, severity, and recurrence with dementia in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort study.","volume":"79","author":"Koton","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi230426r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.10.1915","article-title":"Dementia after stroke is a predictor of long-term survival.","volume":"25","author":"Tatemichi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50165.x","article-title":"Cognitive impairment after stroke: clinical determinants and its associations with long-term stroke outcomes.","volume":"50","author":"Patel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230426r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.2.202","article-title":"Cognitive impairment after stroke: frequency, patterns, and relationship to functional abilities.","volume":"57","author":"Tatemichi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230426r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.04.022","article-title":"Relationship between poststroke cognition, baseline factors, and functional outcome: data from \u201cefficacy of nitric oxide in stroke\u201d trial.","volume":"23","author":"Ankolekar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230426r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12062","article-title":"Blood pressure and cognitive decline over 8 years in middle-aged and older Black and White Americans.","volume":"73","author":"Levine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230426r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215740","article-title":"Glucose levels and risk of dementia.","volume":"369","author":"Crane","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi230426r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000256368.57375.b7","article-title":"Serum cholesterol changes after midlife and late-life cognition: twenty-one-year follow-up study.","volume":"68","author":"Solomon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"19","key":"zoi230426r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004617","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of vascular risk factors in patients with stroke: a call to action.","volume":"89","author":"Otite","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"16","key":"zoi230426r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.3656","article-title":"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of individual participant data: the PRISMA-IPD Statement.","volume":"313","author":"Stewart","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi230426r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.035","article-title":"The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study: JACC focus seminar 3\/8.","volume":"77","author":"Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/1047-2797(91)90005-W","article-title":"The Cardiovascular Health Study: design and rationale.","volume":"1","author":"Fried","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(75)90037-7","article-title":"The Framingham Offspring Study: design and preliminary data.","volume":"4","author":"Feinleib","year":"1975","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000086678","article-title":"The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study: objectives and design.","volume":"25","author":"Howard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"I","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873211042192","article-title":"European Stroke Organisation and European Academy of Neurology joint guidelines on post-stroke cognitive impairment.","volume":"6","author":"Quinn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Stroke J"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000237236.88823.47","article-title":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards.","volume":"37","author":"Hachinski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi230426r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2011.88","article-title":"Telephone-based identification of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in a multicultural cohort.","volume":"68","author":"Manly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000032","article-title":"Effects of education and race on cognitive decline: an integrative study of generalizability versus study-specific results.","volume":"30","author":"Gross","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"zoi230426r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ets2.1968.1968.issue-1","article-title":"Estimation of latent ability using a response pattern of graded scores.","volume":"34","author":"Samejima","year":"1969","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210459","article-title":"Pre-statistical considerations for harmonization of cognitive instruments: harmonization of ARIC, CARDIA, CHS, FHS, MESA, and NOMAS.","volume":"83","author":"Brice\u00f1o","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230426r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.0568","article-title":"Association between blood pressure and later-life cognition among Black and White individuals.","volume":"77","author":"Levine","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi230426r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.2763","article-title":"Use of long-term cumulative blood pressure in cardiovascular risk prediction models.","volume":"3","author":"Pool","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.021578","article-title":"Long-term premorbid blood pressure and cerebral small vessel disease burden on imaging in transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke.","volume":"49","author":"Lau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018529","article-title":"Risk factors for poststroke cognitive decline: the REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke).","volume":"49","author":"Levine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate.","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.9.1875","article-title":"Poststroke depression correlates with cognitive impairment and neurological deficits.","volume":"30","author":"Kauhanen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.035499","article-title":"Depression, anxiety, and suicide after stroke: a narrative review of the best available evidence.","volume":"53","author":"Chun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi230426r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70236-4","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"8","author":"Pendlebury","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017709","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired renal function are associated with brain alterations and poststroke cognitive decline.","volume":"48","author":"Ben Assayag","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi230426r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.5.1124","article-title":"Frequency and clinical determinants of dementia after ischemic stroke.","volume":"54","author":"Desmond","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230426r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.7.1216","article-title":"Poststroke dementia: incidence and relationship to prestroke cognitive decline.","volume":"57","author":"H\u00e9non","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230426r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01815-3","article-title":"Microglia knockdown reduces inflammation and preserves cognition in diabetic animals after experimental stroke.","volume":"17","author":"Jackson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"zoi230426r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.105151","article-title":"Type-I diabetes aggravates post-hemorrhagic stroke cognitive impairment by augmenting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in mice.","volume":"149","author":"Bahader","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30405-X","article-title":"Cerebral microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes: stroke, cognitive dysfunction, and depression.","volume":"8","author":"van Sloten","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"zoi230426r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.01.035","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition with MCC950 improves diabetes-mediated cognitive impairment and vasoneuronal remodeling after ischemia.","volume":"142","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-328158","article-title":"Cognitive decline and diabetes: a systematic review of the neuropathological correlates accounting for cognition at death.","volume":"93","author":"Hadley","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230426r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.4.1256","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes, APOE gene, and the risk for dementia and related pathologies: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study.","volume":"51","author":"Peila","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230426r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.012658","article-title":"Blood pressure and risk of vascular dementia: evidence from a primary care registry and a cohort study of transient ischemic attack and stroke.","volume":"47","author":"Emdin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.3.254","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of dementia with stroke.","volume":"282","author":"Moroney","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"zoi230426r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.678794","article-title":"The impact of vascular risk factors on post-stroke cognitive impairment: the Nor-COAST study.","volume":"12","author":"Aam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230426r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000253","article-title":"Blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol lowering for prevention of strokes and cognitive decline: a review of available trial evidence.","volume":"32","author":"Zanchetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230426r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164608","article-title":"Intensive versus guideline blood pressure and lipid lowering in patients with previous stroke: main results from the pilot \u2018Prevention of Decline in Cognition After Stroke Trial\u2019 (PODCAST) randomised controlled trial.","volume":"12","author":"Bath","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230426r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4949.2012.00928.x","article-title":"Multifactorial vascular risk factor intervention to prevent cognitive impairment after stroke and TIA: a 12-month randomized controlled trial.","volume":"9","author":"Ihle-Hansen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"issue":"10","key":"zoi230426r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2874","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009992","article-title":"Multidomain lifestyle interventions for the prevention of cognitive decline after ischemic stroke: randomized trial.","volume":"46","author":"Matz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"zoi230426r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i708","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i708","article-title":"Different systolic blood pressure targets for people with history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack: PAST-BP (Prevention After Stroke\u2013Blood Pressure) randomised controlled trial.","volume":"352","author":"Mant","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi230426r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70224-8","article-title":"Effects of long-term blood pressure lowering and dual antiplatelet treatment on cognitive function in patients with recent lacunar stroke: a secondary analysis from the SPS3 randomised trial.","volume":"13","author":"Pearce","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"9287","key":"zoi230426r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06178-5","article-title":"Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6,105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack.","volume":"358","author":"PROGRESS Collaborative Group","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230426r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026927","article-title":"APOE-e4 genotype and dementia before and after transient ischemic attack and stroke: population-based cohort study.","volume":"51","author":"Pendlebury","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230426r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00060-0","article-title":"Strategic infarct locations for post-stroke cognitive impairment: a pooled analysis of individual patient data from 12 acute ischaemic stroke cohorts.","volume":"20","author":"Weaver","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230426r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.009065","article-title":"Methodological factors in determining risk of dementia after transient ischemic attack and stroke: (II) effect of attrition on follow-up.","volume":"46","author":"Pendlebury","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230426r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.2.227","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance following a transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke.","volume":"165","author":"Kernan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230426r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e364","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000375","article-title":"2021 Guideline for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association.","volume":"52","author":"Kleindorfer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"zoi230426r29","author":"Johansen","year":"2022"},{"key":"zoi230426r24","unstructured":"Asparouhov? T, Muth\u00e9n? B. Plausible values for latent variables using Mplus: technical report. Updated August 21, 2010. Accessed April 29, 2019. http:\/\/www.statmodel.com\/download\/Plausible.pdf"},{"key":"zoi230426r25","unstructured":"Muth\u00e9n? LK, Muth\u00e9n? BO. Mplus User\u2019s Guide. 8th ed. Muth\u00e9n & Muth\u00e9n; 2017. Accessed January 5, 2022. https:\/\/www.statmodel.com\/download\/usersguide\/MplusUserGuideVer_8.pdf"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2805003\/levine_2023_oi_230426_1712757562.56677.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T11:01:29Z","timestamp":1712833289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2805003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13879","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]}}}