{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T06:54:58Z","timestamp":1792565698811,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Several recent US Supreme Court rulings have drawn criticism from the medical community, but their health consequences have not been quantitatively evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To model health outcomes associated with 3 Supreme Court rulings in 2022 that invalidated workplace COVID-19 vaccine or mask-and-test requirements, voided state handgun-carry restrictions, and revoked the constitutional right to abortion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This decision analytical modeling study estimated outcomes associated with 3 Supreme Court rulings in 2022: (1) National Federation of Independent Business v Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration<\/jats:italic> (OSHA<\/jats:italic>), which invalidated COVID-19 workplace protections; (2) New York State Rifle and Pistol Association Inc v Bruen, Superintendent of New York State Police<\/jats:italic> (Bruen<\/jats:italic>), which voided state laws restricting handgun carry; and (3) Dobbs v Jackson Women\u2019s Health Organization<\/jats:italic> (Dobbs<\/jats:italic>), which revoked the constitutional right to abortion. Data analysis was performed from July 1, 2022, to April 7, 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>For the OSHA<\/jats:italic> ruling, multiple data sources were used to calculate deaths attributable to COVID-19 among unvaccinated workers from January 4 to May 28, 2022, and the share of these deaths that would have been prevented by the voided protections. To model the Bruen<\/jats:italic> decision, published estimates of the consequences of right-to-carry laws were applied to 2020 firearm-related deaths (and injuries) in 7 affected jurisdictions. For the Dobbs<\/jats:italic> ruling, the model assessed unwanted pregnancy continuations, resulting from the change in distance to the closest abortion facility, and then excess deaths (and peripartum complications) from forcing these unwanted pregnancies to term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The decision model projected that the OSHA<\/jats:italic> decision was associated with\u20091402 additional COVID-19 deaths (and 22\u202f830 hospitalizations) in early 2022. In addition, the model projected that 152 additional firearm-related deaths (and 377 nonfatal injuries) annually will result from the Bruen<\/jats:italic> decision. Finally, the model projected that 30\u202f440 fewer abortions will occur annually due to current abortion bans stemming from Dobbs<\/jats:italic>, with 76\u202f612 fewer abortions if states at high risk for such bans also were to ban the procedure; these bans will be associated with an estimated 6 to 15 additional pregnancy-related deaths each year, respectively, and hundreds of additional cases of peripartum morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>These findings suggest that outcomes from 3 Supreme Court decisions in 2022 could lead to substantial harms to public health, including nearly 3000 excess deaths (and possibly many more) over a decade.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.15578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T15:00:50Z","timestamp":1686236450000},"page":"e2315578","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Projected Health Outcomes Associated With 3 US Supreme Court Decisions in 2022 on COVID-19 Workplace Protections, Handgun-Carry Restrictions, and Abortion Rights"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Adam","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David U.","family":"Himmelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York"},{"name":"Public Citizen Health Research Group, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Dickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planned Parenthood of Montana, Billings"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hemenway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffie","family":"Woolhandler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York"},{"name":"Public Citizen Health Research Group, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"zoi230474r1","first-page":"707","article-title":"Public health and the United States Supreme Court.","volume":"11","author":"Tobey","year":"1925","journal-title":"Am Bar Assoc J"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230474r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1215\/03616878-3665949","article-title":"Health: policy or law? 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