{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:40:59Z","timestamp":1791250859258,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Morbidity and mortality after pediatric cardiac arrest are chiefly due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Brain features seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) after arrest may identify injury and aid in outcome assessments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To analyze the association of brain lesions seen on T2-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and lactate concentrations seen on MRS with 1-year outcomes after pediatric cardiac arrest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This multicenter cohort study took place in pediatric intensive care units at 14 US hospitals between May 16, 2017, and August 19, 2020. Children aged 48 hours to 17 years who were resuscitated from in-hospital or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and who had a clinical brain MRI or MRS performed within 14 days postarrest were included in the study. Data were analyzed from January 2022 to February 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposure<\/jats:title>Brain MRI or MRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>The primary outcome was an unfavorable outcome (either death or survival with a Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition, score of &amp;lt;70) at 1 year after cardiac arrest. MRI brain lesions were scored according to region and severity (0\u2009=\u2009none, 1\u2009=\u2009mild, 2\u2009=\u2009moderate, 3\u2009=\u2009severe) by 2 blinded pediatric neuroradiologists. MRI Injury Score was a sum of T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging lesions in gray and white matter (maximum score, 34). MRS lactate and NAA concentrations in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and occipital-parietal white and gray matter were quantified. Logistic regression was performed to determine the association of MRI and MRS features with patient outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 98 children, including 66 children who underwent brain MRI (median [IQR] age, 1.0 [0.0-3.0] years; 28 girls [42.4%]; 46 White children [69.7%]) and 32 children who underwent brain MRS (median [IQR] age, 1.0 [0.0-9.5] years; 13 girls [40.6%]; 21 White children [65.6%]) were included in the study. In the MRI group, 23 children (34.8%) had an unfavorable outcome, and in the MRS group, 12 children (37.5%) had an unfavorable outcome. MRI Injury Scores were higher among children with an unfavorable outcome (median [IQR] score, 22 [7-32]) than children with a favorable outcome (median [IQR] score, 1 [0-8]). Increased lactate and decreased NAA in all 4 regions of interest were associated with an unfavorable outcome. In a multivariable logistic regression adjusted for clinical characteristics, increased MRI Injury Score (odds ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.20) was associated with an unfavorable outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this cohort study of children with cardiac arrest, brain features seen on MRI and MRS performed within 2 weeks after arrest were associated with 1-year outcomes, suggesting the utility of these imaging modalities to identify injury and assess outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.20713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T15:31:23Z","timestamp":1688139083000},"page":"e2320713","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Assessment of Brain Magnetic Resonance and Spectroscopy Imaging Findings and Outcomes After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ericka L.","family":"Fink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Kochanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue R.","family":"Beers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert R. S. B.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel P.","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00fclya","family":"Bayir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis A.","family":"Topjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Newth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Press","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline B.","family":"Maddux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, Aurora"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Willyerd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Phoenix Children\u2019s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children\u2019s Center, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Siems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Children\u2019s Center, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa G.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, and Pediatric Neurology, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lincoln","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Doughty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Wesley","family":"Diddle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Patregnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s National Medical Center, Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Piantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Hallermeier","family":"Walson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binod","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Friess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, St Louis Children\u2019s Hospital, St Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Critical Care, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Maloney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara L.","family":"Haller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amery","family":"Treble-Barna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vince","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Wisnowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subramanian","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikala","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Bl\u00fcml","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Fabio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Panigrahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"POCCA Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beena","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen G.","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darshana","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Prodell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maddie","family":"Winters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeni","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Cabrales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronke","family":"Adewale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pam","family":"Melvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadaf","family":"Shad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Siegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Murkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Kasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josey","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Burrows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Hlivka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deana","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amila","family":"Tutundzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Barganier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mackenzie","family":"Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elyse","family":"Tomanio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Hession","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yamila","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhonda","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Benken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Elmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Toney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tami","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keri","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avinash","family":"Vemulapalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"and the POCCA Investigators"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230615r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181a00a6a","article-title":"In-hospital versus out-of-hospital pediatric cardiac arrest: a multicenter cohort study.","volume":"37","author":"Moler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230615r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e517","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000702","article-title":"Standards for studies of neurological prognostication in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","volume":"140","author":"Geocadin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230615r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e194","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000697","article-title":"Pediatric post-cardiac arrest care: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.","volume":"140","author":"Topjian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230615r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-012-9706-0","article-title":"Regional brain injury on conventional and diffusion weighted MRI is associated with outcome after pediatric cardiac arrest.","volume":"19","author":"Fink","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi230615r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e719","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011217","article-title":"Association of MRI brain injury with outcome after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.","volume":"96","author":"Kirschen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"zoi230615r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.06.033","article-title":"Brain MR imaging and spectroscopy for outcome prognostication after pediatric cardiac arrest.","volume":"157","author":"Fink","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230615r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1531-8249","article-title":"1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy-determined cerebral lactate and poor neurological outcomes in children with central nervous system disease.","volume":"41","author":"Ashwal","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi230615r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs283","article-title":"Metabolic maturation of the human brain from birth through adolescence: insights from in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.","volume":"23","author":"Bl\u00fcml","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"issue":"9596","key":"zoi230615r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230615r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30518","article-title":"Association of blood-based brain injury biomarker concentrations with outcomes after pediatric cardiac arrest.","volume":"5","author":"Fink","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230615r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9572(95)00884-V","article-title":"Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of pediatric advanced life support: the pediatric Utstein style\u2014a statement for healthcare professionals from a task force of the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Heart Association, and the European Resuscitation Council.","volume":"30","author":"Zaritsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230615r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.3643","article-title":"Association of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation with overall and neurologically favorable survival after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States: a report from the cardiac arrest registry to enhance survival surveillance registry.","volume":"171","author":"Naim","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230615r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12143","article-title":"Prognostic value of a qualitative brain MRI scoring system after cardiac arrest.","volume":"25","author":"Hirsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230615r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-8994(95)00062-K","article-title":"Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with acute central nervous system injury.","volume":"12","author":"Auld","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230615r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.202.2.9015079","article-title":"Proton MR spectroscopy after acute central nervous system injury: outcome prediction in neonates, infants, and children.","volume":"202","author":"Holshouser","year":"1997","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi230615r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/(ISSN)1522-2594","article-title":"Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra.","volume":"30","author":"Provencher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"10250","key":"zoi230615r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31561-0","article-title":"Sex and gender: modifiers of health, disease, and medicine.","volume":"396","author":"Mauvais-Jarvis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230615r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.1.50","article-title":"First documented rhythm and clinical outcome from in-hospital cardiac arrest among children and adults.","volume":"295","author":"Nadkarni","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi230615r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.802678","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children: the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry-cardiac arrest.","volume":"119","author":"Atkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"zoi230615r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2022.06.011","article-title":"Use of magnetic resonance imaging in neuroprognostication after pediatric cardiac arrest: survey of current practices.","volume":"134","author":"Piantino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi230615r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-010-9457-8","article-title":"Serial MRI changes in comatose cardiac arrest patients.","volume":"14","author":"Greer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi230615r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118528","article-title":"Hypoxic encephalopathy after near-drowning studied by quantitative 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.","volume":"97","author":"Kreis","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi230615r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/69.5.482","article-title":"Anaesthesia for critically ill children during magnetic resonance imaging.","volume":"69","author":"Tobin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230615r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004585","article-title":"Adverse events during intrahospital transport of critically ill children: a systematic review.","volume":"131","author":"Haydar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230615r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.189.2.8210374","article-title":"Hypoxic brain damage: cortical laminar necrosis and delayed changes in white matter at sequential MR imaging.","volume":"189","author":"Takahashi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi230615r30","first-page":"533","article-title":"MR imaging, MR spectroscopy, and diffusion tensor imaging of sequential studies in neonates with encephalopathy.","volume":"27","author":"Barkovich","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230615r31","first-page":"716","article-title":"Value of MR imaging of the brain in children with hypoxic coma.","volume":"23","author":"Christophe","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi230615r32","first-page":"1617","article-title":"MR of hypoxic encephalopathy in children after near drowning: correlation with quantitative proton MR spectroscopy and clinical outcome.","volume":"19","author":"Dubowitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"zoi230615r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2930-z","article-title":"Early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in children after cardiac arrest may provide valuable prognostic information on clinical outcome.","volume":"39","author":"Oualha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi230615r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2976","article-title":"Comparative prognostic utilities of early quantitative magnetic resonance imaging spin-spin relaxometry and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in neonatal encephalopathy.","volume":"118","author":"Shanmugalingam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi230615r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e382","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1046","article-title":"Cerebral magnetic resonance biomarkers in neonatal encephalopathy: a meta-analysis.","volume":"125","author":"Thayyil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"zoi230615r1","volume-title":"Rogers Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care","author":"Fink","year":"2015","edition":"4th ed"},{"key":"zoi230615r20","volume-title":"Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Third Edition (Vineland-3","author":"Sparrow","year":"2016"},{"key":"zoi230615r5","unstructured":"Scholefield? BR, Tijssen? J, Ganesan? SL, . Brain imaging for the prediction of survival with good neurological outcome after return of circulation following pediatric cardiac arrest: consensus on science with treatment recommendations. International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation. December 18, 2022. Updated January 9, 2023. Accessed May 16, 2023. https:\/\/costr.ilcor.org\/document\/brain-imaging-for-the-prediction-of-survival-with-good-neurological-outcome-after-return-of-circulation-following-pediatric-cardiac-arrest-pls-tfsr"},{"key":"zoi230615r14","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. What are the requirements for reporting on human study participant age, sex\/gender, and race\/ethnicity? April 29, 2021. Accessed May 16, 2023. https:\/\/nexus.od.nih.gov\/all\/2021\/04\/29\/what-are-the-requirements-for-reporting-on-human-study-participant-age-sex-gender-and-race-ethnicity\/#:~:text=NIH%20awardees%20must%20report%20individual,and%20submitted%20using%20the%20required%20"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2806717\/fink_2023_oi_230615_1687536396.45812.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T15:31:31Z","timestamp":1688139091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2806717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.20713","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}}}