{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:49:01Z","timestamp":1788306541502,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Acute neurological involvement occurs in some patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), but few data report neurological and psychological sequelae, and no investigations include direct assessments of cognitive function 6 to 12 months after discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To characterize neurological, psychological, and quality of life sequelae after MIS-C.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in the US and Canada. Participants included children with MIS-C diagnosed from November 2020 through November 2021, 6 to 12 months after hospital discharge, and their sibling or community controls, when available. Data analysis was performed from August 2022 to May 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposure<\/jats:title>Diagnosis of MIS-C.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>A central study site remotely administered a onetime neurological examination and in-depth neuropsychological assessment including measures of cognition, behavior, quality of life, and daily function. Generalized estimating equations, accounting for matching, assessed for group differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Sixty-four patients with MIS-C (mean [SD] age, 11.5 [3.9] years; 20 girls [31%]) and 44 control participants (mean [SD] age, 12.6 [3.7] years; 20 girls [45%]) were enrolled. The MIS-C group exhibited abnormalities on neurological examination more frequently than controls (15 of 61 children [25%] vs 3 of 43 children [7%]; odds ratio, 4.7; 95% CI, 1.3-16.7). Although the 2 groups performed similarly on most cognitive measures, the MIS-C group scored lower on the National Institutes of Health Cognition Toolbox List Sort Working Memory Test, a measure of executive functioning (mean [SD] scores, 96.1\u2009[14.3] vs 103.1\u2009[10.5]). Parents reported worse psychological outcomes in cases compared with controls, particularly higher scores for depression symptoms (mean [SD] scores, 52.6\u2009[13.1] vs 47.8\u2009[9.4]) and somatization (mean [SD] scores, 55.5\u2009[15.5] vs 47.0\u2009[7.6]). Self-reported (mean [SD] scores, 79.6\u2009[13.1] vs 85.5\u2009[12.3]) and parent-reported (mean [SD] scores, 80.3\u2009[15.5] vs 88.6\u2009[13.0]) quality of life scores were also lower in cases than controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this cohort study, compared with contemporaneous sibling or community controls, patients with MIS-C had more abnormal neurologic examinations, worse working memory scores, more somatization and depression symptoms, and lower quality of life 6 to 12 months after hospital discharge. Although these findings need to be confirmed in larger studies, enhanced monitoring may be warranted for early identification and treatment of neurological and psychological symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.24369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T15:15:00Z","timestamp":1689779700000},"page":"e2324369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Neurological and Psychological Sequelae Associated With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Caitlin K.","family":"Rollins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Calderon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM U1046, PhyMedExp, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wypij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. 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