{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:04:24Z","timestamp":1785463464997,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Smoking cigarettes during pregnancy can impair maternal and child health, and pregnant individuals have increasingly used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) for various reasons, including quitting smoking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To assess smoking abstinence rates among pregnant individuals who used e-cigarettes compared with those who used nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This cohort study is a secondary data analysis of phase 8 of the US Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, conducted between 2016 and 2020. Eligible participants included pregnant individuals who smoked combustible cigarettes within the 3 months before pregnancy and either used e-cigarettes or NRT during pregnancy. Data analysis was conducted from March 2022 to April 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposures<\/jats:title>Combustible cigarette use within 3 months before pregnancy and use of either e-cigarettes or NRT during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>The primary outcome was the individual\u2019s self-reported smoking abstinence status during the last 3 months of pregnancy. Weighted percentages were reported and weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association of e-cigarette use vs NRT with smoking abstinence. A propensity score was used to control for confounding by sociodemographics, pregnancy characteristics, prepregnancy smoking intensity, depression, behavioral support, and hookah use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The cohort included 1329 pregnant individuals (759 \u226525 years [60.2%]; 766 non-Hispanic White individuals [79.8%]) of whom 781 had an education level of high school or lower (61.4%), and 952 had an annual household income of $48\u202f000 or less (81.5%). Of the 1329 individuals, 890 (unweighted percentage, 67.0%) were existing e-cigarette users, 67 (unweighted percentage, 5.0%) were new e-cigarette users, and 372 (unweighted percentage, 28.0%) were NRT users. Compared with individuals who used NRT during pregnancy, individuals who used e-cigarettes had a higher rate of smoking abstinence in late pregnancy (456 individuals [50.8%] vs 67 individuals [19.4%]; propensity score adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.47; 95% CI, 1.17-5.20; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.02). In the secondary analysis stratified by the timing of e-cigarette use initiation, existing users of e-cigarettes who initiated before pregnancy had a higher smoking abstinence rate than NRT users (446 users [53.1%] vs 67 users [19.4%]; adjusted OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.23-5.51; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.01). However, new e-cigarette users who initiated use during pregnancy had a similar smoking abstinence rate in late pregnancy when compared with NRT users (10 users [20.6%] vs 67 users [19.4%]; adjusted OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.22-5.87; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.88).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>These findings suggest that individuals who used e-cigarettes during pregnancy had a higher smoking abstinence rate in late pregnancy than individuals who used NRT, especially for those who initiated e-cigarette use before pregnancy, indicating that replacement of cigarettes with e-cigarettes during pregnancy may be a viable strategy for harm reduction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.30249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T15:03:44Z","timestamp":1694531024000},"page":"e2330249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cigarette Smoking Abstinence Among Pregnant 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