{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:22:53Z","timestamp":1780575773425,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Few investigations have evaluated rates of brain-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) incidental findings (IFs) in large lifespan samples, their stability over time, or their associations with health outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objectives<\/jats:title>To examine rates of brain-based IFs across the lifespan, their persistence, and their associations with phenotypic indicators of behavior, cognition, and health; to compare quantified motion with radiologist-reported motion and evaluate its associations with IF rates; and to explore IF consistency across multiple visits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This cross-sectional study included participants from the Nathan Kline Institute\u2013Rockland Sample (NKI-RS), a lifespan community-ascertained sample, and the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), a cross-sectional community self-referred pediatric sample focused on mental health and learning disorders. The NKI-RS enrolled participants (ages 6-85 years) between March 2012 and March 2020 and had longitudinal participants followed up for as long as 4 years. The HBN enrolled participants (ages 5-21 years) between August 2015 and October 2021. Clinical neuroradiology MRI reports were coded for radiologist-reported motion as well as presence, type, and clinical urgency (category 1, no abnormal findings; 2, no referral recommended; 3, consider referral; and 4, immediate referral) of IFs. MRI reports were coded from June to October 2021. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to February 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>Rates and type of IFs by demographic characteristics, health phenotyping, and motion artifacts; longitudinal stability of IFs; and Euler number in projecting radiologist-reported motion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 1300 NKI-RS participants (781 [60.1%] female; mean [SD] age, 38.9 [21.8] years) and 2772 HBN participants (976 [35.2%] female; mean [SD] age, 10.0 [3.5] years) had health phenotyping and neuroradiology-reviewed MRI scans. IFs were common, with 284 of 2956 children (9.6%) and 608 of 1107 adults (54.9%) having IFs, but rarely of clinical concern (category 1: NKI-RS, 619 [47.6%]; HBN, 2561 [92.4%]; category 2: NKI-RS, 647 [49.8%]; HBN, 178 [6.4%]; category 3: NKI-RS, 79 [6.1%]; HBN, 30 [1.1%]; category 4: NKI-RS: 12 [0.9%]; HBN, 6 [0.2%]). Overall, 46 children (1.6%) and 79 adults (7.1%) required referral for their IFs. IF frequency increased with age. Elevated blood pressure and BMI were associated with increased T2 hyperintensities and age-related cortical atrophy. Radiologist-reported motion aligned with Euler-quantified motion, but neither were associated with IF rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this cross-sectional study, IFs were common, particularly with increasing age, although rarely clinically significant. While T2 hyperintensity and age-related cortical atrophy were associated with BMI and blood pressure, IFs were not associated with other behavioral, cognitive, and health phenotyping. Motion may not limit clinical IF detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.55901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T16:33:53Z","timestamp":1707842033000},"page":"e2355901","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Age, Motion, Medical, and Psychiatric Associations With Incidental Findings in Brain MRI"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Russell H.","family":"Tobe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York"},{"name":"Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nathan S. 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