{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:36:38Z","timestamp":1788057398647,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n \n Understanding the effect of antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n ) treatment on functional connectivity will help elucidate the mechanism by which it reduces the risk of cerebral palsy and death.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n To determine whether MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n administered to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks is associated with increased functional connectivity and measures of functional segregation and integration in infants at term-equivalent age, possibly reflecting a protective mechanism of MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This cohort study was nested within a randomized placebo-controlled trial performed across 24 tertiary maternity hospitals. Participants included infants born to women at risk of imminent preterm birth at a gestational age between 30 and 34 weeks who participated in the MAGENTA (Magnesium Sulphate at 30 to 34 Weeks\u2019 Gestational Age) trial and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age. Ineligibility criteria included illness precluding MRI, congenital or genetic disorders likely to affect brain structure, and living more than 1 hour from the MRI center. One hundred and fourteen of 159 eligible infants were excluded due to incomplete or motion-corrupted MRI. Recruitment occurred between October 22, 2014, and October 25, 2017. Participants were followed up to 2 years of age. Analysis was performed from February 1, 2021, to February 27, 2024. Observers were blind to patient groupings during data collection and processing.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n \n Women received 4 g of MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n or isotonic sodium chloride solution given intravenously over 30 minutes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n \n Prior to data collection, it was hypothesized that infants who were exposed to MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n would show enhanced functional connectivity compared with infants who were not exposed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 45 infants were included in the analysis: 24 receiving MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n treatment and 21 receiving placebo; 23 (51.1%) were female and 22 (48.9%) were male; and the median gestational age at scan was 40.0 (IQR, 39.1-41.1) weeks. Treatment with MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n was associated with greater voxelwise functional connectivity in the temporal and occipital lobes and deep gray matter structures and with significantly greater clustering coefficients (Hedge\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , 0.47 [95% CI, \u22120.13 to 1.07]), transitivity (Hedge\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , 0.51 [95% CI, \u22120.10 to 1.11]), local efficiency (Hedge\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , 0.40 [95% CI, \u22120.20 to 0.99]), and global efficiency (Hedge\n g<\/jats:italic>\n , 0.31 [95% CI, \u22120.29 to 0.90]), representing enhanced functional segregation and integration.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n \n In this cohort study, infants exposed to MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n had greater voxelwise functional connectivity and functional segregation, consistent with increased brain maturation. Enhanced functional connectivity is a possible mechanism by which MgSO\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n protects against cerebral palsy and death.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.13508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T13:47:16Z","timestamp":1716904036000},"page":"e2413508","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prenatal Magnesium Sulfate and Functional Connectivity in Offspring at Term-Equivalent Age"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Ufkes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children\u2019s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New 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