{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:52:29Z","timestamp":1790167949336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Area deprivation index (ADI) has been shown to be associated with reduced hippocampal volume (HV) among youths. The social environment may interact with the association between ADI and HV.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate which aspects of ADI are uniquely associated with bilateral HV and whether school and family environments have moderating interactions in associations between ADI and HV.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Participants aged 9 and 10 years were recruited from 21 sites in the US between September 2016 and August 2018. Data analysis was performed between March 2023 and April 2024.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n ADI aspects were derived from participant primary home addresses provided by parents or guardians.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n HV was automatically segmented from structural brain images ascertained from magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple generalized linear mixed modeling tested associations between 9 indices of ADI and bilateral HV, with family groups and recruitment sites as random effects. After stepwise backward selection, models were adjusted for individual-level covariates, including age, sex, race and ethnicity, parental education, household income, and estimated intracranial volume.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n This study included 10\u202f114 participants aged 9 and 10 years (median [IQR] age, 9.92 [9.33-10.48] years; 5294 male [52.3%]; 200 Asian [2.0%], 1411 Black [14.0%], and 6655 White [65.8%]; 1959 Hispanic [19.4%]). After stepwise backward selection and adjusting for covariates, only the percentage of neighborhood-level single-parent households was associated with right HV (adjusted \u03b2 per 1-SD increase in single-parent households, \u22120.03; 95% CI, \u22120.06 to \u22120.01;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.01). School environment interacted with neighborhood-level single-parent households in its association with right HV (adjusted \u03b2 per 1-SD increase in score, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.003), such that there was an inverse association only among those at a school with the mean environment score (adjusted \u03b2 per 1% increase in single-parent households, \u22120.03; 95% CI, \u22120.05 to \u22120.01;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.02) and worse (\u22121 SD score) school environment score (adjusted \u03b2 per 1% increase in single-parent households, \u22120.05; 95% CI, \u22120.09 to \u22120.01;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001) but not among those at better (+1 SD score) school environments.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n In this study, an increased percentage of neighborhood-level single-parent households was associated with reduced right HV among children in schools with the mean or worse but not better environment score. These findings suggest that longitudinal research concerning the association of neighborhood-level characteristics and school environments with hippocampal development may be warranted to better understand complex interactions between various social factors and child neurodevelopment and mental health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.16484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T11:01:13Z","timestamp":1718190073000},"page":"e2416484","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Aspects of Area Deprivation Index in Relation to Hippocampal Volume Among Children"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Benson S.","family":"Ku","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Aberizk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cope","family":"Feurer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyue","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin G.","family":"Druss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilip V.","family":"Jeste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Research Network on Social Determinants of Health and Exposomics, La Jolla, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine F.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"zoi240542r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213700","article-title":"Socioeconomic status, stressful life situations and mental health problems in children and adolescents: results of the German BELLA cohort-study.","volume":"14","author":"Reiss","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-020-09337-y","article-title":"Early life stress and development: potential mechanisms for adverse outcomes.","volume":"12","author":"Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurodev Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.181","article-title":"Toward understanding how early-life stress reprograms cognitive and emotional brain networks.","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.2001.933.issue-1","article-title":"Plasticity of the hippocampus: adaptation to chronic stress and allostatic load.","volume":"933","author":"McEwen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"zoi240542r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1146\/psych.2019.70.issue-1","article-title":"Ten Surprising facts about stressful life events and disease risk.","volume":"70","author":"Cohen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"zoi240542r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2019.146546","article-title":"Hippocampal volume and cell number in depression, schizophrenia, and suicide subjects.","volume":"1727","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"zoi240542r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.04.020","article-title":"Behavioral problems after early life stress: contributions of the hippocampus and amygdala.","volume":"77","author":"Hanson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi240542r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104649","article-title":"Stressor-cortisol concordance among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: novel findings from the NAPLS cohort.","volume":"115","author":"Cullen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"4 Pt 2","key":"zoi240542r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579413000783","article-title":"Developmental mechanisms in the prodrome to psychosis.","volume":"25","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"zoi240542r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.01.048","article-title":"Impact of childhood adversity on corticolimbic volumes in youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis.","volume":"213","author":"LoPilato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi240542r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/21677026211016415","article-title":"Differentiating kinds of systemic stressors with relation to psychotic-like experiences in late childhood and early adolescence: the stimulation, discrepancy, and deprivation model of psychosis.","volume":"10","author":"Vargas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi240542r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2023.02.006","article-title":"Distinct Associations of deprivation and threat with alterations in brain structure in early childhood.","volume":"62","author":"Machlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi240542r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2019.11.004","article-title":"Chronic stress, structural exposures and neurobiological mechanisms: a stimulation, discrepancy and deprivation model of psychosis.","volume":"152","author":"Vargas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi240542r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.101","article-title":"Individuals, schools, and neighborhood: a multilevel longitudinal study of variation in incidence of psychotic disorders.","volume":"67","author":"Zammit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/00420989650012194","article-title":"Suicide and parasuicide in London: a small-area study.","volume":"33","author":"Congdon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Urban Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.21r13941","article-title":"Social fragmentation and schizophrenia: a systematic review.","volume":"83","author":"Ku","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi240542r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbad093","article-title":"Associations between childhood area-level social fragmentation, maladaptation to school, and social functioning among healthy youth and those at clinical high risk for psychosis.","volume":"49","author":"Ku","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi240542r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.23774","article-title":"Assessment of neighborhood poverty, cognitive function, and prefrontal and hippocampal volumes in children.","volume":"3","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi240542r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.113.5.902","article-title":"Repeated restraint stress facilitates fear conditioning independently of causing hippocampal CA3 dendritic atrophy.","volume":"113","author":"Conrad","year":"1999","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(98)00114-0","article-title":"Activity-stress induces atrophy of apical dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in male rats.","volume":"65","author":"Lambert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00259-L","article-title":"Stress-induced atrophy of apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3c neurons: involvement of glucocorticoid secretion and excitatory amino acid receptors.","volume":"69","author":"Magari\u00f1os","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"23","key":"zoi240542r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6037","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0526-08.2008","article-title":"Maternal care and hippocampal plasticity: evidence for experience-dependent structural plasticity, altered synaptic functioning, and differential responsiveness to glucocorticoids and stress.","volume":"28","author":"Champagne","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi240542r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.v25.3","article-title":"Chronic early life stress alters developmental and adult neurogenesis and impairs cognitive function in mice.","volume":"25","author":"Naninck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"zoi240542r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/cfs.v22.2","article-title":"What do we know about the social networks of single parents who do not use supportive services?","volume":"22","author":"McArthur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Child Fam Soc Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2020.8","article-title":"Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression.","volume":"217","author":"Paksarian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi240542r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2021.12.050","article-title":"The associations between area-level residential instability and gray matter volumes from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS) consortium.","volume":"241","author":"Ku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13612-015-0037-8","article-title":"The relationship between school climate and mental and emotional wellbeing over the transition from primary to secondary school.","volume":"5","author":"Lester","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Well Being"},{"key":"zoi240542r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijer.2018.01.012","article-title":"The relationships between school climate and adolescent mental health and wellbeing: a systematic literature review.","volume":"88","author":"Aldridge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Educ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2022.01.006","article-title":"The Role of school environment in brain structure, connectivity, and mental health in children: a multimodal investigation.","volume":"8","author":"Rakesh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi240542r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2023.03.011","article-title":"Childhood socioeconomic status and the pace of structural neurodevelopment: accelerated, delayed, or simply different?","volume":"27","author":"Rakesh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"zoi240542r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2021.03.008","article-title":"Associations between neighborhood disadvantage, resting-state functional connectivity, and behavior in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study: the moderating role of positive family and school environments.","volume":"6","author":"Rakesh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23994-0","article-title":"Brain structure is linked to the association between family environment and behavioral problems in children in the ABCD study.","volume":"12","author":"Gong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"zoi240542r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2854","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118003109","article-title":"Maternal support in early childhood predicts larger hippocampal volumes at school age.","volume":"109","author":"Luby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi240542r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbac055","article-title":"The association between neighborhood poverty and hippocampal volume among individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: the moderating role of social engagement.","volume":"48","author":"Ku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"zoi240542r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.04.004","article-title":"Recruiting the ABCD sample: design considerations and procedures.","volume":"32","author":"Garavan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"zoi240542r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.03.004","article-title":"Assessment of culture and environment in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: rationale, description of measures, and early data.","volume":"32","author":"Zucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"zoi240542r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1037\/h0022702","article-title":"A configurational analysis of children\u2019s reports of parent behavior.","volume":"29","author":"Schaefer","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Consult Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0743554897121002","article-title":"Introduction: adolescent socialization in context-the role of connection, regulation, and autonomy in the family.","volume":"12","author":"Barber","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Adolesc Res"},{"key":"zoi240542r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2018.03.001","article-title":"The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study: imaging acquisition across 21 sites.","volume":"32","author":"Casey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"zoi240542r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116091","article-title":"Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study.","volume":"202","author":"Hagler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi240542r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.v68.2","article-title":"Volumetric navigators for prospective motion correction and selective reacquisition in neuroanatomical MRI.","volume":"68","author":"Tisdall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.v63:1","article-title":"PROMO: real-time prospective motion correction in MRI using image-based tracking.","volume":"63","author":"White","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"zoi240542r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2022.101115","article-title":"A practical guide for researchers and reviewers using the ABCD study and other large longitudinal datasets.","volume":"55","author":"Saragosa-Harris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4.","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"13","key":"zoi240542r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13","article-title":"lmerTest package: tests in linear mixed effects models.","volume":"82","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi240542r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.12.1201","article-title":"Amygdala and hippocampal volumes in adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder.","volume":"60","author":"Blumberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi240542r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.12.036","article-title":"Neighborhood-level predictors of age at onset and duration of untreated psychosis in first-episode psychotic disorders.","volume":"218","author":"Ku","year":"2020","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"zoi240542r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00264","article-title":"The effects of intracranial volume adjustment approaches on multiple regional MRI volumes in healthy aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"6","author":"Voevodskaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"zoi240542r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.026","article-title":"Dump the \u201cdimorphism\u201d: comprehensive synthesis of human brain studies reveals few male-female differences beyond size.","volume":"125","author":"Eliot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"zoi240542r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116781","article-title":"Region-specific sex differences in the hippocampus.","volume":"215","author":"van Eijk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"zoi240542r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.01.022","article-title":"Asymmetrical brain plasticity: physiology and pathology.","volume":"454","author":"Esteves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.v18:1","article-title":"An epigenetic induction of a right-shift in hippocampal asymmetry: selectivity for short- and long-term potentiation but not post-tetanic potentiation.","volume":"18","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"14","key":"zoi240542r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3019","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200110080-00008","article-title":"Neonatal novelty exposure modulates hippocampal volumetric asymmetry in the rat.","volume":"12","author":"Verstynen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"7921","key":"zoi240542r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04996-4","article-title":"Social capital I: measurement and associations with economic mobility.","volume":"608","author":"Chetty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"zoi240542r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.176.3.243","article-title":"Neighbourhood variation in incidence of schizophrenia: evidence for person-environment interaction.","volume":"176","author":"van Os","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"zoi240542r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1086\/499650","article-title":"School as a context of early adolescents\u2019 academic and social-emotional development: a summary of research findings.","volume":"100","author":"Roeser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Elem Sch J"},{"key":"zoi240542r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i37","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2007.070797","article-title":"Assessing social-emotional development in children from a longitudinal perspective.","volume":"63","author":"Denham","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"zoi240542r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-015-9319-1","article-title":"School climate: a review of the construct, measurement, and impact on student outcomes.","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"zoi240542r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2021.02.016","article-title":"The role of schools in early adolescents\u2019 mental health: findings from the MYRIAD study.","volume":"60","author":"Ford","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9-10","key":"zoi240542r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.v55.9-10","article-title":"Normative range parenting and the developing brain: a scoping review and recommendations for future research.","volume":"55","author":"Farber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"zoi240542r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.2307\/1129723","article-title":"Single parents, extended households, and the control of adolescents.","volume":"56","author":"Dornbusch","year":"1985","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"zoi240542r66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.2307\/1130307","article-title":"Single parents, stepparents, and the susceptibility of adolescents to antisocial peer pressure.","volume":"58","author":"Steinberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"11","key":"zoi240542r67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.v64.11","article-title":"Editorial perspective: when is a \u2018small effect\u2019 actually large and impactful?","volume":"64","author":"Carey","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"zoi240542r52","volume-title":"Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity","author":"Belsley","year":"2005"},{"key":"zoi240542r24","unstructured":"Kearney? MS. The explosive rise of single-parent families is not a good thing. New York Times. Accessed May 6, 2024. https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/09\/17\/opinion\/single-parent-families-income-inequality-college.html"},{"key":"zoi240542r53","unstructured":"Taiyun. Corrplot: version 0.92. GitHub. Accessed May 6, 2024. https:\/\/github.com\/taiyun\/corrplot"},{"key":"zoi240542r54","unstructured":"Long? JA. Interactions: comprehensive, user-friendly toolkit for probing interactions. Accessed May 6, 2024. https:\/\/interactions.jacob-long.com\/"}],"container-title":["JAMA Network Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/articlepdf\/2819910\/ku_2024_oi_240542_1717531905.14623.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T11:01:19Z","timestamp":1718190079000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamanetworkopen\/fullarticle\/2819910"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.16484","relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-3805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-3805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]}}}