{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:43:03Z","timestamp":1781250183100,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies using human postmortem tissue and imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) support a low hippocampal availability of the \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (\u03b17-nAChR) in psychotic conditions, particularly in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (nonaffective psychosis). If validated further, the finding may have implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test for lower availability of the \u03b17-nAChR in the hippocampus of individuals with recent-onset psychosis compared with healthy control individuals and its association with lower cognitive performance or higher psychotic symptom burden within recent-onset psychosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, healthy individuals without history of psychosis and patients within 10 years of a first onset of psychotic disorder were recruited from the greater Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, DC, area. Fluorine 18\u2013labeled ASEM ([<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F] ASEM) PET data were acquired from participants enrolled between March 1, 2014, and July 31, 2023, from an academic research institution. Data acquired between March 1, 2014, and January 31, 2018 (n\u2009=\u200926), were published as a pilot study and were combined with new data acquired between January 1, 2019, and July 31, 2023 (n\u2009=\u200933).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-7\"><jats:title>Main Outcome and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]ASEM total distribution volume (V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub>) that measures \u03b17-nAChR availability, global cognition composite score, and total scores on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-8\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 59 participants (30 women [51%]; mean [SD] age, 25.5 [5.2] years), including 35 with recent-onset psychosis and 24 healthy controls, completed the study. In age-adjusted analyses, lower hippocampal [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]ASEM V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was found in individuals with recent-onset psychosis (mean [SE],\u200917.87\u2009[0.60]) compared with healthy controls (mean [SE], 19.82\u2009[0.73]) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). In addition, [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]ASEM V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was lower in individuals with nonaffective psychosis (mean [SE],\u200916.30\u2009[0.83]) compared with healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.006) or those with affective psychosis (mean [SE],\u200919.34\u2009[0.80]) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03). Across recent-onset psychosis and after controlling for age, lower hippocampal [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]ASEM V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was associated with more positive (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.44; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.009) but not negative symptoms, and higher hippocampal V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> was associated with better global cognition composite score (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.38; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi240840-9\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross-sectional study of individuals with recent-onset psychosis compared with healthy controls, a lower hippocampal \u03b17-nAChR availability was found in recent-onset psychosis, and its availability was lower in those with nonaffective vs affective psychosis. Further study of the association between low availability of the \u03b17-nAChR and recent-onset psychosis is warranted toward informing diagnostic or therapeutic strategies related to these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.27163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T15:00:50Z","timestamp":1723474850000},"page":"e2427163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Hippocampal Availability of the \u03b17 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Recent-Onset Psychosis"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nicole R.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leah H.","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney K.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn R.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Shinehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Kilgore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana R.","family":"Soule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech G.","family":"Lesniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Horti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russell H. 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