{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T19:06:57Z","timestamp":1789326417523,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Neurodevelopmental outcomes of very preterm children exposed to tocolytics are not well described.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To investigate whether tocolysis administered after spontaneous preterm labor is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5.5 years and to assess whether the type of tocolytic drug is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants exposed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This prospective, national, population-based cohort study used data from the French Etude \u00c9pid\u00e9miologique sur les Petits \u00c2ges Gestationnels\u20132 cohort. Children who were alive and participated in an assessment at 5.5 years and whose mothers experienced spontaneous preterm labor without an infectious context and delivered at 24 to 31 weeks were eligible for this study. Recruitment occurred from March to December 2011. Follow-up at age 5.5 years was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017. Data analysis was performed from July 2023 through April 2024.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposures<\/jats:title>The primary analysis examined tocolytics (yes vs no), and the secondary analysis examined the type of tocolytic (atosiban vs calcium channel blockers [CCBs]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcome and Measure<\/jats:title>The composite outcome neurodevelopmental disabilities included cerebral palsy; visual, hearing, and cognitive deficiencies; developmental coordination disorders; or behavioral problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 1055 mothers (mean [SD] age, 29.2 [5.7] years) had preterm labor without fever and gave birth to 1320 children (704 male [weighted percentage, 53.3%; 95% CI, 50.6%-56.1%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 28.8 [2.0] weeks). Overall, 776 mothers (weighted percentage, 73.5%; 95% CI, 70.8%-76.2%) received tocolytics; 136 mothers (weighted percentage, 17.9%; 95% CI, 15.3%-20.8%) received only a CCB, and 295 mothers (weighted percentage, 37.6%; 95% CI, 34.2%-41.0%) received only atosiban. From modified Poisson regression with propensity score matching, the risk of overall neurodevelopmental disabilities (mild, moderate, or severe) at 5.5 years did not differ between preterm children exposed and not exposed to tocolytics (relative risk [RR], 1.11; 95% CI, 0.85-1.45; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.44) or in preterm infants exposed to atosiban compared with those exposed to CCBs (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.67-1.32; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.71).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this study, tocolytics were not associated with neurodevelopmental disabilities among very preterm children surviving at 5.5 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.42602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T15:33:05Z","timestamp":1730388785000},"page":"e2442602","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Tocolysis and Neurodevelopment of Children Born Very Preterm"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Thibault","family":"Plouchart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"},{"name":"Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Caen University Hospital, Rouen University Hospital, Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thibaut","family":"Sabatier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Baptiste","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ga\u00eblle","family":"Pinto Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efc","family":"Sentilhes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"B\u00e9nichou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"},{"name":"L'Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1018, Centre de Recherche en Epid\u00e9miologie et Sant\u00e9 des Populations, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Marret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Pediatrics, Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France"},{"name":"L'Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1245, Normandy University, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"zoi241221r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgyn.2015.06.010","article-title":"\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie de la pr\u00e9maturit\u00e9: pr\u00e9valence, \u00e9volution, devenir des enfants. 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