{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T03:12:41Z","timestamp":1792206761353,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"\n Importance<\/jats:title>\n Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) has high mortality, and rates are increasing among adolescents and young adults (AYAs).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To define the sex-specific epidemiology of AH in AYAs and the association between female sex and liver-related outcomes after a first presentation of AH.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective, population-based cohort study of routinely collected health care data held at ICES from Ontario, Canada, was conducted. Data on AYAs (age, 13-39 years) with first presentation of AH without a history of cirrhosis and\/or decompensation from January 1 to December 31, 2022, were included in the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposures<\/jats:title>\n Study year and female sex.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main Outcome and Measures<\/jats:title>\n Overall and sex-specific yearly rates of AH were compared using Poisson regression and rate ratios (RRs). Associations between female sex and incident cirrhosis and\/or decompensation were evaluated using competing risks regression, and liver-related mortality by sex was evaluated with cumulative incidence functions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 3340 AYAs with AH were identified. Median age was 33 (IQR, 28-36) years, and the population included 1190 (36%) females and 2150 (64%) males. Rates of AH increased by 8% per year (RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.07-1.09), with yearly rates increasing faster among females (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.09-1.12) than males (RR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.06-1.07). A total of 2374 individuals (71%) were alive without cirrhosis 6 months after AH presentation. Of those, 527 (22%) developed incident cirrhosis and\/or decompensation after a median follow-up of 4 (IQR, 2-9) years (37% females vs 29% males;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). After adjustment, female sex was associated with a 47% higher subhazard of cirrhosis and\/or decompensation compared with male sex (38%) (subhazard, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.23-1.76;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.001). The cumulative incidence of liver-related mortality at 10 years was higher among females (11.0%; 95% CI, 8.3%-14.2%) than males (6.9%; 95% CI, 5.4%-8.6%) (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009.01).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n Over the past 2 decades, the rates of AH among AYAs increased significantly, with the greatest increase observed among females. The findings of this study suggest sex-specific interventions to prevent the development of AH and the progression to cirrhosis after an episode of AH are needed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.52459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T11:31:06Z","timestamp":1735299066000},"page":"e2452459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Epidemiology and Outcomes of Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis in Adolescents and Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Flemming","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Queen\u2019s University Ontario, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen\u2019s University Ontario, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"ICES-Queen\u2019s, Ontario, 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