{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T03:38:05Z","timestamp":1785814685985,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is one of the most common childhood cancers in sub-Saharan Africa and is etiologically linked to malaria. However, evidence for an effect of malaria interventions on BL is limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To investigate the potential population-level association between large-scale rollout of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) in sub-Saharan Africa in the 2000s and BL incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Data Sources<\/jats:title>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a search was conducted in the Embase, Global Health, and Medline databases and in cancer registry publications between January 1, 1990, and February 27, 2023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Selection<\/jats:title>All epidemiologic studies on BL incidence rates in children and adolescents aged 0 to 15 years in sub-Saharan African countries where malaria is endemic were identified by 2 reviewers blinded to each other\u2019s decision.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Data Extraction and Synthesis<\/jats:title>The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline. Data were extracted independently by 2 reviewers, and quality was scored based on 3 predefined criteria: data collection, case ascertainment, and calculation of person-time at risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>Incidence rates of BL during childhood and mean ITN use in the population. Data were analyzed using a random-effects negative binomial regression model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of 2333 studies meeting selection criteria, 23 comprising 66 data points on BL incidence were included based on 5226 BL cases from locations with large-scale ITN use in 17 countries. Rates of BL were 44% (95% CI, 12%-64%) lower in the period after ITN introduction compared with before. The adjusted pooled incidence rates of BL were 1.36 (95% CI, 0.88-2.10) and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.50-1.16) per 100\u202f000 person-years before and after introduction of ITNs, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, a 1\u2013percentage point increase in mean ITN use in the population in the 10 years before BL data collection was associated with a 2% (95% CI, 1%-4%) reduction in BL incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this systematic review and meta-analysis, large-scale rollout of ITNs in the 2000s was associated with a reduction in BL burden among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Although published data may not be representative of all incidence rates across sub-Saharan Africa, this study highlights a potential additional benefit of malaria control programs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.7351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T15:01:06Z","timestamp":1713452466000},"page":"e247351","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mosquito Bed Net Use and Burkitt Lymphoma Incidence in Sub-Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nora","family":"Schmit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeevan","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United 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