{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T12:04:46Z","timestamp":1792411486547,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-4\"><jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Examining racial and ethnic disparities in pediatric COVID-19 hospitalizations is critical to inform public health efforts to reduce those disparities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-5\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize trends in pediatric COVID-19 hospitalizations by race and ethnicity from March 2020 to September 2023, focusing on recent epidemiologic findings (October 2022 to September 2023).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-6\"><jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional study used data from the COVID-19 Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) including 13\u202f555 hospitalizations among patients aged 17 years or younger with a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who are residents of the COVID-NET catchment area in 12 states, covering approximately 10% of the US population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-7\"><jats:title>Exposure<\/jats:title><jats:p>Laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 14 days prior to or during hospitalization.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-8\"><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric COVID-19\u2013associated hospitalization rates by race and ethnicity and characteristics associated with COVID-19\u2013associated hospitalizations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-9\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between March 2020 and September 2023, COVID-NET identified 13\u202f555 pediatric hospitalizations (median patient age, 3.3 years [IQR, 0.6-12.5 years]; 7110 boys [52.5%]; 780 non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander children [5.8%], 3837 non-Hispanic Black children [28.3%], 4131 Hispanic children [30.5%], and 4807 non-Hispanic White children [35.5%]). Hospitalization rates were 2.15 (95% CI, 2.01-2.34) times higher for Black children and 2.06 (95% CI, 1.91-2.23) times higher for Hispanic children compared with Asian or Pacific Islander children, who had the lowest rates. Despite overall decreased pediatric hospitalization rates between October 2022 and September 2023, higher rates of intensive care unit admissions among Black and Hispanic children persisted, at 1.88 (95% CI, 1.28-2.74) times higher for Black children and 2.13 (95% CI, 1.47-3.10) times higher for Hispanic children compared with Asian or Pacific Islander children. Among hospitalized children, 61.4% (95% CI, 57.0%-65.8%) of Black patients and 45.5% (95% CI, 41.9%-49.3%) of Hispanic patients had 1 or more underlying medical condition compared with 45.6% (95% CI, 42.1%-49.1%) of White children and 45.0% (95% CI, 41.9%-49.3%) of Asian or Pacific Islander children. Obesity (17.8%; 95% CI, 15.3%-20.5%) and neurologic disorders (15.2%; 95% CI, 13.7%-16.8%) were the most common conditions overall; 11.9% (95% CI, 9.1%-15.1%) of Black children had sickle cell disease, the fourth most common condition in this group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"ab-zoi250629-10\"><jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study found that among pediatric patients hospitalized with COVID-19, Black and Hispanic children were disproportionately more likely to be hospitalized for COVID-19 and experience severe disease compared with White and Asian or Pacific Islander children. A higher proportion of hospitalized Black children had underlying medical conditions. This study underlines the need for targeted interventions, particularly for children with underlying medical conditions, and the need for equitable access and use of vaccines and therapeutics for disproportionately affected populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.21009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T15:00:33Z","timestamp":1752591633000},"page":"e2521009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Pediatric COVID-19 Hospitalization Trends by Race and Ethnicity, 2020-2023"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Onika","family":"Anglin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kadam","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and 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