{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T01:45:18Z","timestamp":1788918318073,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"American Medical Association (AMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAMA Netw Open"],"abstract":"Importance<\/jats:title>Uncertainty exists about whether women of West African ancestry have increased rates of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast tumors, which commonly have earlier age onsets than ER-positive tumors and are aggressive. High-quality population-based studies in Africa with tumor pathology data are generally unavailable, and there is speculation that younger population age structures may explain the increased frequencies of reported ER-negative tumors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>To estimate age-standardized and age-specific rates of ER-negative breast cancer among Ghanaian women and non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White women in the US.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design, Setting, and Participants<\/jats:title>This cross-sectional study used 2013 through 2015 data from a population-based case-control study conducted in 2 metropolitan areas of Ghana, Accra and Kumasi, to estimate ER-specific breast cancer incidence rates among women 18 to 74 years of age. Incidence rates were recovered by applying sampling weights for controls calculated by district, 5-year age groups, and nonresponse rates from the 2010 census-based enumeration area listings. US Breast Cancer Registry data were retrieved from 17 registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program for non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White women with breast cancer 20 to 74 years of age. Analyses were conducted January 2020 through May 2025.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Exposures<\/jats:title>Age, sex, race and ethnicity, ER tumor status, and country (US and Ghana).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>For each of 3 populations, crude, age-standardized, and age-specific breast cancer incidence rates were calculated overall and by ER status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Analyses were performed for 1071 women (age range, 18-74 years; 468 [51%] ER-negative) in Ghana and 18\u202f321 non-Hispanic Black women (age range, 20-74 years; 5117 [29%] ER-negative) and 103\u202f227 non-Hispanic White women (age range, 20-74 years; 15\u202f040 [15%] ER-negative) in SEER. From 2013 through 2015, ER-negative age-standardized incidence rates were 42.3 (95% CI, 38.7-46.3) per 100\u202f000 women for Ghanaian participants and 43.1 (95% CI, 42.0-44.3) per 100\u202f000 for US non-Hispanic Black women, both higher rates than that of 24.0 (95% CI, 23.6-24.4) per 100\u202f000 for US non-Hispanic White women. ER-positive age-standardized incidence rates were 42.1 (95% CI, 38.4-46.1) per 100\u202f000 women for Ghanaian participants, 105.4 (95% CI, 103.6-107.3) per 100\u202f000 for non-Hispanic Black women, and 128.5 (95% CI, 127.9-129.7) per 100\u202f000 for non-Hispanic White women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>In this cross-sectional study of Ghanaian and US non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White women with breast cancer, age-standardized tumor incidence rates for women with ER-negative tumors in Ghana were similar to those for US non-Hispanic Black women, and both rates were higher than for US non-Hispanic White women. This finding may suggest increased susceptibility requiring elucidation in US non-Hispanic Black and West African populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.37160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T15:00:57Z","timestamp":1760367657000},"page":"e2537160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in Ghanaian and US Black Women From 2013 Through 2015"],"prefix":"10.1001","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Brittny C.","family":"Davis Lynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonine D.","family":"Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland"},{"name":"Usher Institute, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Laryea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fred Kwame","family":"Awittor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi O. 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